BGP Ranking

For an Internet Service Provider, AS numbers are a logical representation of the other ISP peering or communicating with its autonomous system. ISP customers are using the capacity of the Internet Service Provider to reach Internet services over other AS. Some of those communications can be malicious (e.g. due to malware activities on an end-user equipments) and hosted at specific AS location.

In order to provide an improved security view on those AS numbers, a trust ranking scheme is implemented based on existing dataset of compromised systems, malware C&C IP and existing datasets. BGP Ranking provides a way to collect such malicious activities, aggregate the information per ASN and provide a ranking model to rank the ASN from the most malicious to the less malicious ASN.

The official website of the project is: https://github.com/D4-project/bgp-ranking/

There is a public BGP Ranking at http://bgpranking.circl.lu/

BGP Ranking is free software licensed under the GNU Affero General Public License

BGP Ranking is a software to rank AS numbers based on their malicious activities.

Python client

$ pip install git+https://github.com/D4-project/BGP-Ranking.git/#egg=pybgpranking\&subdirectory=client
$ bgpranking --help
usage: bgpranking [-h] [--url URL] (--asn ASN | --ip IP)

Run a query against BGP Ranking

optional arguments:
  -h, --help  show this help message and exit
  --url URL   URL of the instance.
  --asn ASN   ASN to lookup
  --ip IP     IP to lookup

History

• The first version of BGP Ranking was done in 2010 by Raphael Vinot with the support of Alexandre Dulaunoy. CIRCL supported the project from the early beginning and setup an online version to share information about the malicious ranking of ISPs.

• In late 2018 within the scope of the D4 Project (a CIRCL project co-funded by INEA under the CEF Telecom program), a new version of BGP Ranking was completed rewritten in python3.6+ with an ARDB back-end.

• In January 2022, BGP Ranking version 2.0 was released including a new backend on kvrocks and many improvements.

Online service

BGP Ranking service is available online http://bgpranking.circl.lu/.

A Python library and client software is available using the default API available from bgpranking.circl.lu.

CURL Example

Get the ASN from an IP or a prefix

curl https://bgpranking-ng.circl.lu/ipasn_history/?ip=143.255.153.0/24

Response

{
  "meta": {
    "address_family": "v4",
    "ip": "143.255.153.0/24",
    "source": "caida"
  },
  "response": {
    "2019-05-19T12:00:00": {
      "asn": "264643",
      "prefix": "143.255.153.0/24"
    }
  }
}

Get the ranking of the AS

curl -X POST -d '{"asn": "5577", "date": "2019-05-19"}' https://bgpranking-ng.circl.lu/json/asn

Note: date isn't required.

Response

{
  "meta": {
    "asn": "5577"
  },
  "response": {
    "asn_description": "ROOT, LU",
    "ranking": {
      "rank": 0.0004720052083333333,
      "position": 7084,
      "total_known_asns": 15375
    }
  }
}

Get historical information for an ASN

curl -X POST -d '{"asn": "5577", "period": 5}' https://bgpranking-ng.circl.lu/json/asn_history

Response

{
  "meta": {
    "asn": "5577",
    "period": 5
  },
  "response": {
    "asn_history": [
      [
        "2019-11-10",
        0.00036458333333333335
      ],
      [
        "2019-11-11",
        0.00036168981481481485
      ],
      [
        "2019-11-12",
        0.0003761574074074074
      ],
      [
        "2019-11-13",
        0.0003530092592592593
      ],
      [
        "2019-11-14",
        0.0003559027777777778
      ]
    ]
  }
}

Server Installation (if you want to run your own)

IMPORTANT: Use poetry

NOTE: Yes, it requires python3.6+. No, it will never support anything older.

Install redis

git clone https://github.com/antirez/redis.git
cd redis
git checkout 5.0
make
make test
cd ..

Note: If it fails, have a look at the documentation.

Install kvrocks

git clone https://github.com/KvrocksLabs/kvrocks.git
cd kvrocks
git checkout 2.5
./x.py build
cd ..

Note: If it fails, have a look at the documentation.

Install & run BGP Ranking

git clone https://github.com/D4-project/BGP-Ranking.git
cd BGP-Ranking
poetry install
echo BGPRANKING_HOME="'`pwd`'" > .env
poetry shell
# Starts all the backend
start

Shutdown BGP Ranking

stop

Directory structure

Config files: bgpranking / config / *.json

Per-module parsers: bgpraking / parsers

Libraries : brpranking / libs

Raw dataset directory structure

Files to import

Note: The default location of <storage_directory> is the root directory of the repo.

<storage_directory> / <vendor> / <listname>

Last modified date (if possible) and lock file

<storage_directory> / <vendor> / <listname> / meta

Imported files less than 2 months old

<storage_directory> / <vendor> / <listname> / archive

Imported files more than 2 months old

<storage_directory> / <vendor> / <listname> / archive / deep

Databases

Intake (redis, port 6579)

Usage: All the modules push their entries in this database.

Creates the following hashes:

UUID = {'ip': <ip>, 'source': <source>, 'datetime': <datetime>}

Creates a set intake for further processing containing all the UUIDs.

Pre-Insert (redis, port 6580)

Usage: Make sure th IPs are global, validate input from the intake module.

Pop UUIDs from intake, get the hashes with that key

Creates the following hashes:

UUID = {'ip': <ip>, 'source': <source>, 'datetime': <datetime>, 'date': <date>}

Creates a set to_insert for further processing containing all the UUIDs.

Creates a set for_ris_lookup to lookup on the RIS database. Contains all the IPs.

Routing Information Service cache (redis, port 6581)

Usage: Lookup IPs against the RIPE's RIS database

Pop IPs from for_ris_lookup.

Creates the following hashes:

IP = {'asn': <asn>, 'prefix': <prefix>, 'description': <description>}

Ranking Information cache (redis, port 6582)

Usage: Store the current list of known ASNs at RIPE, and the prefixes originating from them.

Creates the following sets:

asns = set([<asn>, ...])
<asn>|v4 = set([<ipv4_prefix>, ...])
<asn>|v6 = set([<ipv6_prefix>, ...])

And the following keys:

<asn>|v4|ipcount = <Total amount of IP v4 addresses originating this AS>
<asn>|v6|ipcount = <Total amount of IP v6 addresses originating this AS>

Long term storage (kvrocks, port 5188)

Usage: Stores the IPs with the required meta informations required for ranking.

Pop UUIDs from to_insert, get the hashes with that key

Use the IP from that hash to get the RIS informations.

Creates the following sets:

# All the sources, by day
<YYYY-MM-DD>|sources = set([<source>, ...])
# All the ASNs by source, by day
<YYYY-MM-DD>|<source> -> set([<asn>, ...])
# All the prefixes, by ASN, by source, by day
<YYYY-MM-DD>|<source>|<asn> -> set([<prefix>, ...])
# All the tuples (ip, datetime), by prefixes, by ASN, by source, by day
<YYYY-MM-DD>|<source>|<asn>|<prefix> -> set([<ip>|<datetime>, ...])