From 86ee7008b2cdbacbcfa90b93d9939e94bc129325 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Christophe Vandeplas Date: Thu, 29 Apr 2021 18:12:36 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] chg: [att&ck] bump to latest ATT&CK version from MITRE --- clusters/mitre-attack-pattern.json | 5470 ++++++++------- clusters/mitre-course-of-action.json | 567 +- clusters/mitre-intrusion-set.json | 6468 +++++++++++++++-- clusters/mitre-malware.json | 9671 +++++++++++++++++++++++++- clusters/mitre-tool.json | 585 +- 5 files changed, 19520 insertions(+), 3241 deletions(-) diff --git a/clusters/mitre-attack-pattern.json b/clusters/mitre-attack-pattern.json index e56b786..4fa3c72 100644 --- a/clusters/mitre-attack-pattern.json +++ b/clusters/mitre-attack-pattern.json @@ -80,16 +80,16 @@ "value": "Analyze social and business relationships, interests, and affiliations - T1295" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).\n\nMost Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group. While nuances of each platform’s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs: chown (short for change owner), and chmod (short for change mode).\n\nAdversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it. They could subsequently lock others out of the file. Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [.bash_profile and .bashrc](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", + "description": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).\n\nMost Linux and Linux-based platforms provide a standard set of permission groups (user, group, and other) and a standard set of permissions (read, write, and execute) that are applied to each group. While nuances of each platform’s permissions implementation may vary, most of the platforms provide two primary commands used to manipulate file and directory ACLs: chown (short for change owner), and chmod (short for change mode).\n\nAdversarial may use these commands to make themselves the owner of files and directories or change the mode if current permissions allow it. They could subsequently lock others out of the file. Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004) or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1222.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -284,24 +284,6 @@ "uuid": "e5164428-03ca-4336-a9a7-4d9ea1417e59", "value": "Acquire or compromise 3rd party signing certificates - T1310" }, - { - "description": "A malicious application can request Device Administrator privileges. If the user grants the privileges, the application can take steps to make its removal more difficult.", - "meta": { - "external_id": "APP-22", - "kill_chain": [ - "mitre-mobile-attack:persistence" - ], - "mitre_platforms": [ - "Android" - ], - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1401", - "https://pages.nist.gov/mobile-threat-catalogue/application-threats/APP-22.html" - ] - }, - "uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", - "value": "Abuse Device Administrator Access to Prevent Removal - T1401" - }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1312).\n\nInstead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it for some or all of the attack cycle. (Citation: WateringHole2014) (Citation: FireEye Operation SnowMan)", "meta": { @@ -521,11 +503,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -554,10 +536,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -642,7 +625,7 @@ "value": "Identify vulnerabilities in third-party software libraries - T1389" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in. (Citation: Microsoft Run Key) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.\n\nPlacing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. The startup folder path for the current user is C:\\Users\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup. The startup folder path for all users is C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp.\n\nThe following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation: Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016) The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency. (Citation: Microsoft RunOnceEx APR 2018) For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx: reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v 1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\" (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018)\n\nThe following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run\n\nThe Winlogon key controls actions that occur when a user logs on to a computer running Windows 7. Most of these actions are under the control of the operating system, but you can also add custom actions here. The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Userinit and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Shell subkeys can automatically launch programs.\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows run when any user logs on.\n\nBy default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager is set to autocheck autochk *. This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.\n\nAdversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", + "description": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a program to a startup folder or referencing it with a Registry run key. Adding an entry to the \"run keys\" in the Registry or startup folder will cause the program referenced to be executed when a user logs in. (Citation: Microsoft Run Key) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.\n\nPlacing a program within a startup folder will also cause that program to execute when a user logs in. There is a startup folder location for individual user accounts as well as a system-wide startup folder that will be checked regardless of which user account logs in. The startup folder path for the current user is C:\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Roaming\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\Startup. The startup folder path for all users is C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\Windows\\Start Menu\\Programs\\StartUp.\n\nThe following run keys are created by default on Windows systems:\n\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnce\n\nRun keys may exist under multiple hives.(Citation: Microsoft Wow6432Node 2018)(Citation: Malwarebytes Wow6432Node 2016) The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx is also available but is not created by default on Windows Vista and newer. Registry run key entries can reference programs directly or list them as a dependency. (Citation: Microsoft RunOnceEx APR 2018) For example, it is possible to load a DLL at logon using a \"Depend\" key with RunOnceEx: reg add HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunOnceEx\\0001\\Depend /v 1 /d \"C:\\temp\\evil[.]dll\" (Citation: Oddvar Moe RunOnceEx Mar 2018)\n\nThe following Registry keys can be used to set startup folder items for persistence:\n\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Shell Folders\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\User Shell Folders\n\nThe following Registry keys can control automatic startup of services during boot:\n\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServicesOnce\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\RunServices\n\nUsing policy settings to specify startup programs creates corresponding values in either of two Registry keys:\n\n* HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run\n* HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Policies\\Explorer\\Run\n\nThe Winlogon key controls actions that occur when a user logs on to a computer running Windows 7. Most of these actions are under the control of the operating system, but you can also add custom actions here. The HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Userinit and HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Winlogon\\Shell subkeys can automatically launch programs.\n\nPrograms listed in the load value of the registry key HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows run when any user logs on.\n\nBy default, the multistring BootExecute value of the registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager is set to autocheck autochk *. This value causes Windows, at startup, to check the file-system integrity of the hard disks if the system has been shut down abnormally. Adversaries can add other programs or processes to this registry value which will automatically launch at boot.\n\nAdversaries can use these configuration locations to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-270", "kill_chain": [ @@ -650,8 +633,11 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -684,9 +670,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -714,7 +700,7 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs" + "User Account: User Account Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Office 365" @@ -741,10 +727,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Web proxy" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -772,10 +754,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -808,8 +790,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -839,8 +822,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1028,16 +1012,6 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement", "mitre-attack:execution" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "API monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Windows event logs" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" ], @@ -1400,7 +1374,7 @@ "value": "Exploit via Charging Station or PC - T1458" }, { - "description": "Malicious applications are a common attack vector used by adversaries to gain a presence on mobile devices. This technique describes installing a malicious application on targeted mobile devices without involving an authorized app store (e.g., Google Play Store or Apple App Store). Adversaries may wish to avoid placing malicious applications in an authorized app store due to increased potential risk of detection or other reasons. However, mobile devices often are configured to allow application installation only from an authorized app store which would prevent this technique from working.\n\nDelivery methods for the malicious application include:\n\n* [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193) - Including the mobile app package as an attachment to an email message.\n* [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1192) - Including a link to the mobile app package within an email, text message (e.g. SMS, iMessage, Hangouts, WhatsApp, etc.), web site, QR code, or other means.\n* Third-Party App Store - Installed from a third-party app store (as opposed to an authorized app store that the device implicitly trusts as part of its default behavior), which may not apply the same level of scrutiny to apps as applied by an authorized app store.(Citation: IBTimes-ThirdParty)(Citation: TrendMicro-RootingMalware)(Citation: TrendMicro-FlappyBird)\n\nSome Android malware comes with functionality to install additional applications, either automatically or when the adversary instructs it to.(Citation: android-trojan-steals-paypal-2fa)", + "description": "Malicious applications are a common attack vector used by adversaries to gain a presence on mobile devices. This technique describes installing a malicious application on targeted mobile devices without involving an authorized app store (e.g., Google Play Store or Apple App Store). Adversaries may wish to avoid placing malicious applications in an authorized app store due to increased potential risk of detection or other reasons. However, mobile devices often are configured to allow application installation only from an authorized app store which would prevent this technique from working.\n\nDelivery methods for the malicious application include:\n\n* [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) - Including the mobile app package as an attachment to an email message.\n* [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) - Including a link to the mobile app package within an email, text message (e.g. SMS, iMessage, Hangouts, WhatsApp, etc.), web site, QR code, or other means.\n* Third-Party App Store - Installed from a third-party app store (as opposed to an authorized app store that the device implicitly trusts as part of its default behavior), which may not apply the same level of scrutiny to apps as applied by an authorized app store.(Citation: IBTimes-ThirdParty)(Citation: TrendMicro-RootingMalware)(Citation: TrendMicro-FlappyBird)\n\nSome Android malware comes with functionality to install additional applications, either automatically or when the adversary instructs it to.(Citation: android-trojan-steals-paypal-2fa)", "meta": { "external_id": "ECO-21", "kill_chain": [ @@ -1446,10 +1420,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -1479,10 +1454,10 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Windows Registry", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1510,28 +1485,29 @@ "value": "LLMNR/NBT-NS Poisoning and SMB Relay - T1557.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files when naming/placing their files. This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe). Alternatively, the filename given may be a close approximation of legitimate programs or something innocuous.\n\nAdversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic.", + "description": "Adversaries may match or approximate the name or location of legitimate files or resources when naming/placing them. This is done for the sake of evading defenses and observation. This may be done by placing an executable in a commonly trusted directory (ex: under System32) or giving it the name of a legitimate, trusted program (ex: svchost.exe). In containerized environments, this may also be done by creating a resource in a namespace that matches the naming convention of a container pod or cluster. Alternatively, a file or container image name given may be a close approximation to legitimate programs/images or something innocuous.\n\nAdversaries may also use the same icon of the file they are trying to mimic.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-177", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Binary file metadata" + "Image: Image Metadata", + "File: File Metadata", + "Process: Process Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/177.html", "http://pages.endgame.com/rs/627-YBU-612/images/EndgameJournal_The%20Masquerade%20Ball_Pages_R2.pdf", - "https://twitter.com/ItsReallyNick/status/1055321652777619457" + "https://twitter.com/ItsReallyNick/status/1055321652777619457", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/images/" ] }, "related": [ @@ -1551,9 +1527,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows Registry" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Firewall: Firewall Disable", + "Firewall: Firewall Rule Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -1581,15 +1558,11 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "GCP audit logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Firewall: Firewall Rule Modification", + "Firewall: Firewall Disable" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/007", @@ -1606,21 +1579,16 @@ "value": "Disable or Modify Cloud Firewall - T1562.007" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe). The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function, (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature. (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files. SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures. Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1116), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system. Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\n* Modifying the Dll and FuncName Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID} that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP’s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file. By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file’s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file).\n* Modifying the Dll and FuncName Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID} that point to the DLL providing a SIP’s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file’s computed hash against the signed hash value. By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function). This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk.\n* Modifying the DLL and Function Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID} that point to the DLL providing a trust provider’s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made. Similar to hijacking SIP’s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex).\n* **Note:** The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1038).\n\nHijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation. (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", + "description": "Adversaries may tamper with SIP and trust provider components to mislead the operating system and application control tools when conducting signature validation checks. In user mode, Windows Authenticode (Citation: Microsoft Authenticode) digital signatures are used to verify a file's origin and integrity, variables that may be used to establish trust in signed code (ex: a driver with a valid Microsoft signature may be handled as safe). The signature validation process is handled via the WinVerifyTrust application programming interface (API) function, (Citation: Microsoft WinVerifyTrust) which accepts an inquiry and coordinates with the appropriate trust provider, which is responsible for validating parameters of a signature. (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nBecause of the varying executable file types and corresponding signature formats, Microsoft created software components called Subject Interface Packages (SIPs) (Citation: EduardosBlog SIPs July 2008) to provide a layer of abstraction between API functions and files. SIPs are responsible for enabling API functions to create, retrieve, calculate, and verify signatures. Unique SIPs exist for most file formats (Executable, PowerShell, Installer, etc., with catalog signing providing a catch-all (Citation: Microsoft Catalog Files and Signatures April 2017)) and are identified by globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may abuse this architecture to subvert trust controls and bypass security policies that allow only legitimately signed code to execute on a system. Adversaries may hijack SIP and trust provider components to mislead operating system and application control tools to classify malicious (or any) code as signed by: (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)\n\n* Modifying the Dll and FuncName Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE[\\WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg\\{SIP_GUID} that point to the dynamic link library (DLL) providing a SIP’s CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function, which retrieves an encoded digital certificate from a signed file. By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns a known good signature value (ex: a Microsoft signature for Portable Executables) rather than the file’s real signature, an adversary can apply an acceptable signature value to all files using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (although a hash mismatch will likely occur, invalidating the signature, since the hash returned by the function will not match the value computed from the file).\n* Modifying the Dll and FuncName Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\OID\\EncodingType 0\\CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData\\{SIP_GUID} that point to the DLL providing a SIP’s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, which validates a file’s computed hash against the signed hash value. By pointing to a maliciously-crafted DLL with an exported function that always returns TRUE (indicating that the validation was successful), an adversary can successfully validate any file (with a legitimate signature) using that SIP (Citation: GitHub SIP POC Sept 2017) (with or without hijacking the previously mentioned CryptSIPDllGetSignedDataMsg function). This Registry value could also be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL, avoiding the requirement to drop and execute a new file on disk.\n* Modifying the DLL and Function Registry values in HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\[WOW6432Node\\]Microsoft\\Cryptography\\Providers\\Trust\\FinalPolicy\\{trust provider GUID} that point to the DLL providing a trust provider’s FinalPolicy function, which is where the decoded and parsed signature is checked and the majority of trust decisions are made. Similar to hijacking SIP’s CryptSIPDllVerifyIndirectData function, this value can be redirected to a suitable exported function from an already present DLL or a maliciously-crafted DLL (though the implementation of a trust provider is complex).\n* **Note:** The above hijacks are also possible without modifying the Registry via [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001).\n\nHijacking SIP or trust provider components can also enable persistent code execution, since these malicious components may be invoked by any application that performs code signing or signature validation. (Citation: SpectorOps Subverting Trust Sept 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1553.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "API monitoring", - "Application logs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Windows event logs" + "Module: Module Load", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1656,9 +1624,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "WMI Objects" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "WMI: WMI Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1672,6 +1640,7 @@ "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/wmisdk/managed-object-format--mof-", "https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963902", "https://medium.com/threatpunter/detecting-removing-wmi-persistence-60ccbb7dff96", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/hunting-for-persistence-using-elastic-security-part-1", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.management/register-wmievent?view=powershell-5.1" ] }, @@ -1694,8 +1663,11 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1725,8 +1697,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -1750,7 +1723,7 @@ "value": "Path Interception by Unquoted Path - T1574.009" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers. IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application. When a process is created, a debugger present in an application’s IFEO will be prepended to the application’s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe -g notepad.exe). (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)\n\nIFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool. (Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as Debugger values in the Registry under HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image File Execution Options\\ where <executable> is the binary on which the debugger is attached. (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)\n\nIFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process). (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\. (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe). After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. (Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017) Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation.\n\nMalware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications. (Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008)", + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by Image File Execution Options (IFEO) debuggers. IFEOs enable a developer to attach a debugger to an application. When a process is created, a debugger present in an application’s IFEO will be prepended to the application’s name, effectively launching the new process under the debugger (e.g., C:\\dbg\\ntsd.exe -g notepad.exe). (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)\n\nIFEOs can be set directly via the Registry or in Global Flags via the GFlags tool. (Citation: Microsoft GFlags Mar 2017) IFEOs are represented as Debugger values in the Registry under HKLM\\SOFTWARE{\\Wow6432Node}\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Image File Execution Options\\ where <executable> is the binary on which the debugger is attached. (Citation: Microsoft Dev Blog IFEO Mar 2010)\n\nIFEOs can also enable an arbitrary monitor program to be launched when a specified program silently exits (i.e. is prematurely terminated by itself or a second, non kernel-mode process). (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018) Similar to debuggers, silent exit monitoring can be enabled through GFlags and/or by directly modifying IFEO and silent process exit Registry values in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\SilentProcessExit\\. (Citation: Microsoft Silent Process Exit NOV 2017) (Citation: Oddvar Moe IFEO APR 2018)\n\nSimilar to [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), on Windows Vista and later as well as Windows Server 2008 and later, a Registry key may be modified that configures \"cmd.exe,\" or another program that provides backdoor access, as a \"debugger\" for an accessibility program (ex: utilman.exe). After the Registry is modified, pressing the appropriate key combination at the login screen while at the keyboard or when connected with [Remote Desktop Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/001) will cause the \"debugger\" program to be executed with SYSTEM privileges. (Citation: Tilbury 2014)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), these values may also be abused to obtain privilege escalation by causing a malicious executable to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) Installing IFEO mechanisms may also provide Persistence via continuous triggered invocation.\n\nMalware may also use IFEO to [Impair Defenses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562) by registering invalid debuggers that redirect and effectively disable various system and security applications. (Citation: FSecure Hupigon) (Citation: Symantec Ushedix June 2008)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1546.012", "kill_chain": [ @@ -1758,11 +1731,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Windows event logs", - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -2021,8 +1992,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "User interface", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -2101,14 +2075,10 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1530", @@ -2132,8 +2102,12 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -2156,9 +2130,9 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Access", + "Network Share: Network Share Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -2250,8 +2224,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -2344,17 +2318,17 @@ "value": "SIP and Trust Provider Hijacking - T1198" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).\n\nModifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory’s existing permissions. This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [.bash_profile and .bashrc](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", + "description": "Adversaries may modify file or directory permissions/attributes to evade access control lists (ACLs) and access protected files.(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls1 June 2018)(Citation: Hybrid Analysis Icacls2 May 2018) File and directory permissions are commonly managed by ACLs configured by the file or directory owner, or users with the appropriate permissions. File and directory ACL implementations vary by platform, but generally explicitly designate which users or groups can perform which actions (read, write, execute, etc.).\n\nModifications may include changing specific access rights, which may require taking ownership of a file or directory and/or elevated permissions depending on the file or directory’s existing permissions. This may enable malicious activity such as modifying, replacing, or deleting specific files or directories. Specific file and directory modifications may be a required step for many techniques, such as establishing Persistence via [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/008), [Boot or Logon Initialization Scripts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037), [Unix Shell Configuration Modification](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004), or tainting/hijacking other instrumental binary/configuration files via [Hijack Execution Flow](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1222", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -2645,11 +2619,15 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Service: Service Creation", + "Service: Service Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -2737,14 +2715,13 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Snapshot: Snapshot Creation", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Modification", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Modification", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Azure", - "AWS", - "GCP" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1537", @@ -2859,6 +2836,18 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence", "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Kernel: Kernel Module Load", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Process: OS API Execution" + ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -2950,8 +2939,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Authentication logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3086,10 +3075,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3111,17 +3098,17 @@ "value": "Clear Windows Event Logs - T1070.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. Windows shared drive and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077) connections can be removed when no longer needed. [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the net use \\\\system\\share /delete command. (Citation: Technet Net Use)", + "description": "Adversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation. Windows shared drive and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) connections can be removed when no longer needed. [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the net use \\\\system\\share /delete command. (Citation: Technet Net Use)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1070.005", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Packet capture", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "User Account: User Account Authentication" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3148,14 +3135,9 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "DLL monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "API monitoring", - "PowerShell logs" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3190,9 +3172,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -3220,12 +3201,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Anti-virus", - "Binary file metadata" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -3252,7 +3227,8 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs" + "Group: Group Modification", + "User Account: User Account Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -3283,10 +3259,11 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata", + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -3316,6 +3293,10 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:collection" ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" + ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -3336,7 +3317,7 @@ "value": "Archive via Custom Method - T1560.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nBefore creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation: Microsoft Window Classes) Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class. This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value. (Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function)\n\nAlthough small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure. Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process’s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process’s EWM.\n\nExecution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as WriteProcessMemory and CreateRemoteThread.(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017) More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process. (Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via Extra Window Memory (EWM) in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. EWM injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nBefore creating a window, graphical Windows-based processes must prescribe to or register a windows class, which stipulate appearance and behavior (via windows procedures, which are functions that handle input/output of data).(Citation: Microsoft Window Classes) Registration of new windows classes can include a request for up to 40 bytes of EWM to be appended to the allocated memory of each instance of that class. This EWM is intended to store data specific to that window and has specific application programming interface (API) functions to set and get its value. (Citation: Microsoft GetWindowLong function) (Citation: Microsoft SetWindowLong function)\n\nAlthough small, the EWM is large enough to store a 32-bit pointer and is often used to point to a windows procedure. Malware may possibly utilize this memory location in part of an attack chain that includes writing code to shared sections of the process’s memory, placing a pointer to the code in EWM, then invoking execution by returning execution control to the address in the process’s EWM.\n\nExecution granted through EWM injection may allow access to both the target process's memory and possibly elevated privileges. Writing payloads to shared sections also avoids the use of highly monitored API calls such as WriteProcessMemory and CreateRemoteThread.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) More sophisticated malware samples may also potentially bypass protection mechanisms such as data execution prevention (DEP) by triggering a combination of windows procedures and other system functions that will rewrite the malicious payload inside an executable portion of the target process. (Citation: MalwareTech Power Loader Aug 2013) (Citation: WeLiveSecurity Gapz and Redyms Mar 2013)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via EWM injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.011", "kill_chain": [ @@ -3344,8 +3325,7 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3379,10 +3359,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Access tokens", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3409,15 +3387,19 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows Registry", - "Services", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Termination", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Deletion", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Sensor Health: Host Status" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", "macOS", - "Linux" + "Linux", + "Containers", + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001", @@ -3440,10 +3422,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Web proxy" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -3473,10 +3451,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Access tokens", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3502,12 +3478,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Component firmware", - "BIOS", - "Disk forensics", - "EFI" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -3535,9 +3505,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3568,9 +3538,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -3594,7 +3565,7 @@ "value": "Hidden Files and Directories - T1564.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs. Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. (Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order) Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution.\n\nThere are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads. Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program. Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL. Often this location is the current working directory of the program. Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL. (Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637)\n\nAdversaries may also directly modify the way a program loads DLLs by replacing an existing DLL or modifying a .manifest or .local redirection file, directory, or junction to cause the program to load a different DLL. (Citation: Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection) (Citation: Microsoft Manifests) (Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking)\n\nIf a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level. In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program.\nPrograms that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace.", + "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the search order used to load DLLs. Windows systems use a common method to look for required DLLs to load into a program. (Citation: Microsoft Dynamic Link Library Search Order)(Citation: FireEye Hijacking July 2010) Hijacking DLL loads may be for the purpose of establishing persistence as well as elevating privileges and/or evading restrictions on file execution.\n\nThere are many ways an adversary can hijack DLL loads. Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic-link library files (DLLs) in a directory that will be searched before the location of a legitimate library that will be requested by a program, causing Windows to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program. Adversaries may also perform DLL preloading, also called binary planting attacks, (Citation: OWASP Binary Planting) by placing a malicious DLL with the same name as an ambiguously specified DLL in a location that Windows searches before the legitimate DLL. Often this location is the current working directory of the program.(Citation: FireEye fxsst June 2011) Remote DLL preloading attacks occur when a program sets its current directory to a remote location such as a Web share before loading a DLL. (Citation: Microsoft Security Advisory 2269637)\n\nAdversaries may also directly modify the search order via DLL redirection, which after being enabled (in the Registry and creation of a redirection file) may cause a program to load a different DLL.(Citation: Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library Redirection)(Citation: Microsoft Manifests)(Citation: FireEye DLL Search Order Hijacking)\n\nIf a search order-vulnerable program is configured to run at a higher privilege level, then the adversary-controlled DLL that is loaded will also be executed at the higher level. In this case, the technique could be used for privilege escalation from user to administrator or SYSTEM or from administrator to SYSTEM, depending on the program. Programs that fall victim to path hijacking may appear to behave normally because malicious DLLs may be configured to also load the legitimate DLLs they were meant to replace.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-471", "kill_chain": [ @@ -3603,10 +3574,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3615,7 +3585,9 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/471.html", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dlls/dynamic-link-library-search-order?redirectedfrom=MSDN", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2010/07/malware-persistence-windows-registry.html", "https://www.owasp.org/index.php/Binary_planting", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2011/06/fxsst.html", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securityadvisories/2010/2269637", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/dlls/dynamic-link-library-redirection?redirectedfrom=MSDN", "https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-US/library/aa375365", @@ -3641,9 +3613,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Services", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3670,12 +3643,10 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3703,8 +3674,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -3731,9 +3702,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3760,12 +3730,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Environment variable", - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "Process monitoring" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3798,9 +3764,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Metadata", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -3837,8 +3804,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process use of network" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3869,14 +3837,10 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/005", @@ -3902,12 +3866,10 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3936,8 +3898,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Metadata", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3960,17 +3924,17 @@ "value": "Sudo and Sudo Caching - T1548.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.\n\nFor example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data and executing a SQL query: SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;. The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function CryptUnprotectData, which uses the victim’s cached logon credentials as the decryption key. (Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData ‎April 2018)\n \nAdversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc. (Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017)\n\nAdversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).", + "description": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.\n\nFor example, on Windows systems, encrypted credentials may be obtained from Google Chrome by reading a database file, AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default\\Login Data and executing a SQL query: SELECT action_url, username_value, password_value FROM logins;. The plaintext password can then be obtained by passing the encrypted credentials to the Windows API function CryptUnprotectData, which uses the victim’s cached logon credentials as the decryption key. (Citation: Microsoft CryptUnprotectData April 2018)\n \nAdversaries have executed similar procedures for common web browsers such as FireFox, Safari, Edge, etc.(Citation: Proofpoint Vega Credential Stealer May 2018)(Citation: FireEye HawkEye Malware July 2017) Windows stores Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge credentials in Credential Lockers managed by the [Windows Credential Manager](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004).\n\nAdversaries may also acquire credentials by searching web browser process memory for patterns that commonly match credentials.(Citation: GitHub Mimikittenz July 2016)\n\nAfter acquiring credentials from web browsers, adversaries may attempt to recycle the credentials across different systems and/or accounts in order to expand access. This can result in significantly furthering an adversary's objective in cases where credentials gained from web browsers overlap with privileged accounts (e.g. domain administrator).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1555.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "API monitoring", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -3995,6 +3959,85 @@ "uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", "value": "Credentials from Web Browsers - T1555.003" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may modify code signing policies to enable execution of unsigned or self-signed code. Code signing provides a level of authenticity on a program from a developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with. Security controls can include enforcement mechanisms to ensure that only valid, signed code can be run on an operating system. \n\nSome of these security controls may be enabled by default, such as Driver Signature Enforcement (DSE) on Windows or System Integrity Protection (SIP) on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft DSE June 2017)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP) Other such controls may be disabled by default but are configurable through application controls, such as only allowing signed Dynamic-Link Libraries (DLLs) to execute on a system. Since it can be useful for developers to modify default signature enforcement policies during the development and testing of applications, disabling of these features may be possible with elevated permissions.(Citation: Microsoft Unsigned Driver Apr 2017)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP)\n\nAdversaries may modify code signing policies in a number of ways, including through use of command-line or GUI utilities, [Modify Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1112), rebooting the computer in a debug/recovery mode, or by altering the value of variables in kernel memory.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP)(Citation: FireEye HIKIT Rootkit Part 2)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader) Examples of commands that can modify the code signing policy of a system include bcdedit.exe -set TESTSIGNING ON on Windows and csrutil disable on macOS.(Citation: Microsoft TESTSIGNING Feb 2021)(Citation: Apple Disable SIP) Depending on the implementation, successful modification of a signing policy may require reboot of the compromised system. Additionally, some implementations can introduce visible artifacts for the user (ex: a watermark in the corner of the screen stating the system is in Test Mode). Adversaries may attempt to remove such artifacts.(Citation: F-Secure BlackEnergy 2014)\n\nTo gain access to kernel memory to modify variables related to signature checks, such as modifying g_CiOptions to disable Driver Signature Enforcement, adversaries may conduct [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068) using a signed, but vulnerable driver.(Citation: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020)(Citation: GitHub Turla Driver Loader)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1553.006", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/006", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/hardware/design/dn653559(v=vs.85)?redirectedfrom=MSDN", + "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/security/disabling_and_enabling_system_integrity_protection", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/install/installing-an-unsigned-driver-during-development-and-test", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/install/the-testsigning-boot-configuration-option", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2012/08/hikit-rootkit-advanced-persistent-attack-techniques-part-2.html", + "https://github.com/hfiref0x/TDL", + "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163408/BlackEnergy_Quedagh.pdf", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/acidbox-rare-malware/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b83e166d-13d7-4b52-8677-dff90c548fd7", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "value": "Code Signing Policy Modification - T1553.006" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence through executing malicious commands triggered by a user’s shell. User [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004)s execute several configuration scripts at different points throughout the session based on events. For example, when a user opens a command-line interface or remotely logs in (such as via SSH) a login shell is initiated. The login shell executes scripts from the system (/etc) and the user’s home directory (~/) to configure the environment. All login shells on a system use /etc/profile when initiated. These configuration scripts run at the permission level of their directory and are often used to set environment variables, create aliases, and customize the user’s environment. When the shell exits or terminates, additional shell scripts are executed to ensure the shell exits appropriately. \n\nAdversaries may attempt to establish persistence by inserting commands into scripts automatically executed by shells. Using bash as an example, the default shell for most GNU/Linux systems, adversaries may add commands that launch malicious binaries into the /etc/profile and /etc/profile.d files.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)(Citation: bencane blog bashrc) These files typically require root permissions to modify and are executed each time any shell on a system launches. For user level permissions, adversaries can insert malicious commands into ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, or ~/.profile which are sourced when a user opens a command-line interface or connects remotely.(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: Linux manual bash invocation) Since the system only executes the first existing file in the listed order, adversaries have used ~/.bash_profile to ensure execution. Adversaries have also leveraged the ~/.bashrc file which is additionally executed if the connection is established remotely or an additional interactive shell is opened, such as a new tab in the command-line interface.(Citation: Tsunami)(Citation: anomali-rocke-tactics)(Citation: anomali-linux-rabbit)(Citation: Magento) Some malware targets the termination of a program to trigger execution, adversaries can use the ~/.bash_logout file to execute malicious commands at the end of a session. \n\nFor macOS, the functionality of this technique is similar but may leverage zsh, the default shell for macOS 10.15+. When the Terminal.app is opened, the application launches a zsh login shell and a zsh interactive shell. The login shell configures the system environment using /etc/profile, /etc/zshenv, /etc/zprofile, and /etc/zlogin.(Citation: ScriptingOSX zsh)(Citation: PersistentJXA_leopitt)(Citation: code_persistence_zsh) The login shell then configures the user environment with ~/.zprofile and ~/.zlogin. The interactive shell uses the ~/.zshrc to configure the user environment. Upon exiting, /etc/zlogout and ~/.zlogout are executed. For legacy programs, macOS executes /etc/bashrc on startup.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1546.004", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation", + "mitre-attack:persistence" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/kaiji-new-chinese-linux-malware-turning-to-golang/", + "https://bencane.com/2013/09/16/understanding-a-little-more-about-etcprofile-and-etcbashrc/", + "https://www.anomali.com/blog/illicit-cryptomining-threat-actor-rocke-changes-tactics-now-more-difficult-to-detect", + "https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Bash#Invocation", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-new-iotlinux-malware-targets-dvrs-forms-botnet/", + "https://www.anomali.com/blog/pulling-linux-rabbit-rabbot-malware-out-of-a-hat", + "https://blog.sucuri.net/2018/05/shell-logins-as-a-magento-reinfection-vector.html", + "https://scriptingosx.com/2019/06/moving-to-zsh-part-2-configuration-files/", + "https://posts.specterops.io/persistent-jxa-66e1c3cd1cf5", + "https://github.com/D00MFist/PersistentJXA/blob/master/BashProfilePersist.js", + "https://objective-see.com/blog/blog_0x48.html" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b6301b64-ef57-4cce-bb0b-77026f14a8db", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "b63a34e8-0a61-4c97-a23b-bf8a2ed812e2", + "value": "Unix Shell Configuration Modification - T1546.004" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may leverage the AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges API to escalate privileges by prompting the user for credentials.(Citation: AppleDocs AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges) The purpose of this API is to give application developers an easy way to perform operations with root privileges, such as for application installation or updating. This API does not validate that the program requesting root privileges comes from a reputable source or has been maliciously modified. \n\nAlthough this API is deprecated, it still fully functions in the latest releases of macOS. When calling this API, the user will be prompted to enter their credentials but no checks on the origin or integrity of the program are made. The program calling the API may also load world writable files which can be modified to perform malicious behavior with elevated privileges.\n\nAdversaries may abuse AuthorizationExecuteWithPrivileges to obtain root privileges in order to install malicious software on victims and install persistence mechanisms.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019)(Citation: OSX Coldroot RAT) This technique may be combined with [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to trick the user into granting escalated privileges to malicious code.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)(Citation: Carbon Black Shlayer Feb 2019) This technique has also been shown to work by modifying legitimate programs present on the machine that make use of this API.(Citation: Death by 1000 installers; it's all broken!)", "meta": { @@ -4004,9 +4047,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -4036,22 +4078,20 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device logs", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Web logs", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004", @@ -4068,7 +4108,7 @@ "value": "Application or System Exploitation - T1499.004" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot. Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system. (Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) \n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0). (Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide) Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors and enabling root access to non-privileged users. (Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used for macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. They are loaded and unloaded through kextload and kextunload commands.\n\nAdversaries can use LKMs and kexts to covertly persist on a system and elevate privileges. Examples have been found in the wild and there are some open source projects. (Citation: Volatility Phalanx2) (Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: GitHub Reptile) (Citation: GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle) (Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir) (Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap)", + "description": "Adversaries may modify the kernel to automatically execute programs on system boot. Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs) are pieces of code that can be loaded and unloaded into the kernel upon demand. They extend the functionality of the kernel without the need to reboot the system. For example, one type of module is the device driver, which allows the kernel to access hardware connected to the system. (Citation: Linux Kernel Programming) \n\nWhen used maliciously, LKMs can be a type of kernel-mode [Rootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1014) that run with the highest operating system privilege (Ring 0). (Citation: Linux Kernel Module Programming Guide) Common features of LKM based rootkits include: hiding itself, selective hiding of files, processes and network activity, as well as log tampering, providing authenticated backdoors and enabling root access to non-privileged users. (Citation: iDefense Rootkit Overview)\n\nKernel extensions, also called kext, are used for macOS to load functionality onto a system similar to LKMs for Linux. They are loaded and unloaded through kextload and kextunload commands. Since macOS Catalina 10.15, kernel extensions have been deprecated on macOS systems.(Citation: Apple Kernel Extension Deprecation)\n\nAdversaries can use LKMs and kexts to covertly persist on a system and elevate privileges. Examples have been found in the wild and there are some open source projects. (Citation: Volatility Phalanx2) (Citation: CrowdStrike Linux Rootkit) (Citation: GitHub Reptile) (Citation: GitHub Diamorphine)(Citation: RSAC 2015 San Francisco Patrick Wardle) (Citation: Synack Secure Kernel Extension Broken)(Citation: Securelist Ventir) (Citation: Trend Micro Skidmap)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1547.006", "kill_chain": [ @@ -4076,8 +4116,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "Kernel: Kernel Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -4088,11 +4129,12 @@ "https://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.4/lkmpg.pdf", "http://www.tldp.org/LDP/lkmpg/2.4/html/x437.html", "http://www.megasecurity.org/papers/Rootkits.pdf", + "https://developer.apple.com/support/kernel-extensions/", "https://volatility-labs.blogspot.com/2012/10/phalanx-2-revealed-using-volatility-to.html", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/http-iframe-injecting-linux-rootkit/", "https://github.com/f0rb1dd3n/Reptile", "https://github.com/m0nad/Diamorphine", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", "https://www.synack.com/2017/09/08/high-sierras-secure-kernel-extension-loading-is-broken/", "https://securelist.com/the-ventir-trojan-assemble-your-macos-spy/67267/", "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/skidmap-linux-malware-uses-rootkit-capabilities-to-hide-cryptocurrency-mining-payload/", @@ -4119,9 +4161,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Services", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -4153,11 +4196,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -4186,9 +4228,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -4255,10 +4297,8 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4281,9 +4321,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4298,23 +4337,29 @@ "value": "Data from Local System - T1005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware. Locations and format of logs are platform or product-specific, however standard operating system logs are captured as Windows events or Linux/macOS files such as [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1139) and /var/log/*.\n\nThese actions may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other notifications used to detect intrusion activity. This that may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", + "description": "Adversaries may delete or alter generated artifacts on a host system, including logs or captured files such as quarantined malware. Locations and format of logs are platform or product-specific, however standard operating system logs are captured as Windows events or Linux/macOS files such as [Bash History](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/003) and /var/log/*.\n\nThese actions may interfere with event collection, reporting, or other notifications used to detect intrusion activity. This that may compromise the integrity of security solutions by causing notable events to go unreported. This activity may also impede forensic analysis and incident response, due to lack of sufficient data to determine what occurred.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-93", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "API monitoring", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Deletion", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1070", @@ -4332,10 +4377,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4358,9 +4404,8 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Error Reporting", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4386,8 +4431,10 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Script: Script Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4411,8 +4458,10 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Data loss prevention" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Access", + "File: File Creation", + "Drive: Drive Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -4431,11 +4480,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Anti-virus", - "System calls", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", @@ -4498,9 +4542,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4522,9 +4565,10 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Data loss prevention", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Access", + "Drive: Drive Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4546,9 +4590,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -4571,18 +4614,12 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process use of network", - "File monitoring", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Binary file metadata", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Environment variable", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows event logs", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Email gateway", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "File: File Content", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4613,8 +4650,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Data loss prevention" + "Drive: Drive Creation", + "Drive: Drive Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4679,9 +4716,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4835,11 +4872,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4884,16 +4921,15 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1049", @@ -4914,14 +4950,17 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "OAuth audit logs", - "Authentication logs" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550", @@ -4959,17 +4998,17 @@ "value": "Service Registry Permissions Weakness - T1058" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).\n\nThere are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript/JScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).\n\nAdversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells.", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries. These interfaces and languages provide ways of interacting with computer systems and are a common feature across many different platforms. Most systems come with some built-in command-line interface and scripting capabilities, for example, macOS and Linux distributions include some flavor of [Unix Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/004) while Windows installations include the [Windows Command Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/003) and [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001).\n\nThere are also cross-platform interpreters such as [Python](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/006), as well as those commonly associated with client applications such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) and [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005).\n\nAdversaries may abuse these technologies in various ways as a means of executing arbitrary commands. Commands and scripts can be embedded in [Initial Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001) payloads delivered to victims as lure documents or as secondary payloads downloaded from an existing C2. Adversaries may also execute commands through interactive terminals/shells.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1059", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -4985,7 +5024,7 @@ "value": "Command and Scripting Interpreter - T1059" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's networks that can be used during targeting. Information about networks may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: IP ranges, domain names, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its topology and operations.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about networks may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590", "kill_chain": [ @@ -5025,24 +5064,26 @@ "value": "Indicator Removal from Tools - T1066" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect elevate privileges. Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions.\n\nWhen initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system. Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system. This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable. This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising a endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods.", + "description": "Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges. Exploitation of a software vulnerability occurs when an adversary takes advantage of a programming error in a program, service, or within the operating system software or kernel itself to execute adversary-controlled code. Security constructs such as permission levels will often hinder access to information and use of certain techniques, so adversaries will likely need to perform privilege escalation to include use of software exploitation to circumvent those restrictions.\n\nWhen initially gaining access to a system, an adversary may be operating within a lower privileged process which will prevent them from accessing certain resources on the system. Vulnerabilities may exist, usually in operating system components and software commonly running at higher permissions, that can be exploited to gain higher levels of access on the system. This could enable someone to move from unprivileged or user level permissions to SYSTEM or root permissions depending on the component that is vulnerable. This could also enable an adversary to move from a virtualized environment, such as within a virtual machine or container, onto the underlying host. This may be a necessary step for an adversary compromising an endpoint system that has been properly configured and limits other privilege escalation methods.\n\nAdversaries may bring a signed vulnerable driver onto a compromised machine so that they can exploit the vulnerability to execute code in kernel mode. This process is sometimes referred to as Bring Your Own Vulnerable Driver (BYOVD).(Citation: ESET InvisiMole June 2020)(Citation: Unit42 AcidBox June 2020) Adversaries may include the vulnerable driver with files delivered during Initial Access or download it to a compromised system via [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) or [Lateral Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1570).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1068", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Error Reporting", - "Process monitoring", - "Application logs" + "Driver: Driver Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068" + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ESET_InvisiMole.pdf", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/acidbox-rare-malware/", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/threat-protection/windows-defender-application-control/microsoft-recommended-driver-block-rules" ] }, "uuid": "b21c3b2d-02e6-45b1-980b-e69051040839", @@ -5085,11 +5126,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Error Reporting", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", @@ -5136,11 +5172,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows Error Reporting", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", @@ -5186,18 +5217,16 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "OAuth audit logs", - "Application logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Data loss prevention", - "Third-party application logs" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", "macOS", "SaaS", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1213", @@ -5239,7 +5268,7 @@ "https://github.com/f0rb1dd3n/Reptile", "https://github.com/m0nad/Diamorphine", "http://www.megasecurity.org/papers/Rootkits.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", "https://www.synack.com/2017/09/08/high-sierras-secure-kernel-extension-loading-is-broken/", "https://securelist.com/the-ventir-trojan-assemble-your-macos-spy/67267/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loadable_kernel_module#Linux", @@ -5258,6 +5287,31 @@ "uuid": "6be14413-578e-46c1-8304-310762b3ecd5", "value": "Kernel Modules and Extensions - T1215" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may build a container image directly on a host to bypass defenses that monitor for the retrieval of malicious images from a public registry. A remote build request may be sent to the Docker API that includes a Dockerfile that pulls a vanilla base image, such as alpine, from a public or local registry and then builds a custom image upon it.(Citation: Docker Build Image)\n\nAn adversary may take advantage of that build API to build a custom image on the host that includes malware downloaded from their C2 server, and then they then may utilize [Deploy Container](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610) using that custom image.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts) If the base image is pulled from a public registry, defenses will likely not detect the image as malicious since it’s a vanilla image. If the base image already resides in a local registry, the pull may be considered even less suspicious since the image is already in the environment. ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1612", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Image: Image Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1612", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.41/#operation/ImageBuild", + "https://blog.aquasec.com/malicious-container-image-docker-container-host" + ] + }, + "uuid": "800f9819-7007-4540-a520-40e655876800", + "value": "Build Image on Host - T1612" + }, { "description": "Windows shared drive and [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077) connections can be removed when no longer needed. [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) is an example utility that can be used to remove network share connections with the net use \\\\system\\share /delete command. (Citation: Technet Net Use)\n\nAdversaries may remove share connections that are no longer useful in order to clean up traces of their operation.", "meta": { @@ -5287,8 +5341,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -5309,15 +5364,13 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "Process use of network", - "Windows Registry", - "Loaded DLLs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -5360,6 +5413,33 @@ "uuid": "9755ecdc-deb0-40e6-af49-713cb0f8ed92", "value": "Remote access tool development - T1351" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may attempt to discover containers and other resources that are available within a containers environment. Other resources may include images, deployments, pods, nodes, and other information such as the status of a cluster.\n\nThese resources can be viewed within web applications such as the Kubernetes dashboard or can be queried via the Docker and Kubernetes APIs.(Citation: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API) In Docker, logs may leak information about the environment, such as the environment’s configuration, which services are available, and what cloud provider the victim may be utilizing. The discovery of these resources may inform an adversary’s next steps in the environment, such as how to perform lateral movement and which methods to utilize for execution. ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1613", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:discovery" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Cluster: Cluster Metadata", + "Container: Container Enumeration", + "Container: Container Metadata", + "Pod: Pod Enumeration", + "Pod: Pod Metadata", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1613", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.41/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/kubernetes-api/" + ] + }, + "uuid": "0470e792-32f8-46b0-a351-652bc35e9336", + "value": "Container and Resource Discovery - T1613" + }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1317).\n\nAn adversary may secure and protect their infrastructure just as defenders do. This could include the use of VPNs, security software, logging and monitoring, passwords, or other defensive measures. (Citation: KrebsTerracottaVPN)", "meta": { @@ -5438,10 +5518,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Packet capture", - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: Process Access", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -5481,7 +5559,7 @@ "value": "Hidden Files and Directories - T1158" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: DOB Business Lookup) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's organization that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization may include a variety of details, including the names of divisions/departments, specifics of business operations, as well as the roles and responsibilities of key employees.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about an organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: DOB Business Lookup) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1591", "kill_chain": [ @@ -5692,20 +5770,20 @@ "value": "Identify web defensive services - T1256" }, { - "description": "Adversaries can steal user application access tokens as a means of acquiring credentials to access remote systems and resources. This can occur through social engineering and typically requires user action to grant access.\n\nApplication access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. An application desiring access to cloud-based services or protected APIs can gain entry using OAuth 2.0 through a variety of authorization protocols. An example commonly-used sequence is Microsoft's Authorization Code Grant flow.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Protocols May 2019)(Citation: Microsoft - OAuth Code Authorization flow - June 2019) An OAuth access token enables a third-party application to interact with resources containing user data in the ways requested by the application without obtaining user credentials. \n \nAdversaries can leverage OAuth authorization by constructing a malicious application designed to be granted access to resources with the target user's OAuth token. The adversary will need to complete registration of their application with the authorization server, for example Microsoft Identity Platform using Azure Portal, the Visual Studio IDE, the command-line interface, PowerShell, or REST API calls.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD App Registration - May 2019) Then, they can send a link through [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1192) to the target user to entice them to grant access to the application. Once the OAuth access token is granted, the application can gain potentially long-term access to features of the user account through [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1527).(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Identity Tokens - Aug 2019)\n\nAdversaries have been seen targeting Gmail, Microsoft Outlook, and Yahoo Mail users.(Citation: Amnesty OAuth Phishing Attacks, August 2019)(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", + "description": "Adversaries can steal user application access tokens as a means of acquiring credentials to access remote systems and resources. This can occur through social engineering and typically requires user action to grant access.\n\nApplication access tokens are used to make authorized API requests on behalf of a user and are commonly used as a way to access resources in cloud-based applications and software-as-a-service (SaaS).(Citation: Auth0 - Why You Should Always Use Access Tokens to Secure APIs Sept 2019) OAuth is one commonly implemented framework that issues tokens to users for access to systems. An application desiring access to cloud-based services or protected APIs can gain entry using OAuth 2.0 through a variety of authorization protocols. An example commonly-used sequence is Microsoft's Authorization Code Grant flow.(Citation: Microsoft Identity Platform Protocols May 2019)(Citation: Microsoft - OAuth Code Authorization flow - June 2019) An OAuth access token enables a third-party application to interact with resources containing user data in the ways requested by the application without obtaining user credentials. \n \nAdversaries can leverage OAuth authorization by constructing a malicious application designed to be granted access to resources with the target user's OAuth token. The adversary will need to complete registration of their application with the authorization server, for example Microsoft Identity Platform using Azure Portal, the Visual Studio IDE, the command-line interface, PowerShell, or REST API calls.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD App Registration - May 2019) Then, they can send a link through [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002) to the target user to entice them to grant access to the application. Once the OAuth access token is granted, the application can gain potentially long-term access to features of the user account through [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001).(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Identity Tokens - Aug 2019)\n\nAdversaries have been seen targeting Gmail, Microsoft Outlook, and Yahoo Mail users.(Citation: Amnesty OAuth Phishing Attacks, August 2019)(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1528", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "OAuth audit logs" + "User Account: User Account Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "SaaS", "Office 365", - "Azure AD" + "Azure AD", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528", @@ -5722,7 +5800,7 @@ "value": "Steal Application Access Token - T1528" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's hosts that can be used during targeting. Information about hosts may include a variety of details, including administrative data (ex: name, assigned IP, functionality, etc.) as well as specifics regarding its configuration (ex: operating system, language, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about hosts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1592", "kill_chain": [ @@ -5844,10 +5922,11 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Authentication logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -5864,22 +5943,23 @@ "value": "Remote Service Session Hijacking - T1563" }, { - "description": "An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials. Web applications and services often use session cookies as an authentication token after a user has authenticated to a website.\n\nCookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. Cookies can be found on disk, in the process memory of the browser, and in network traffic to remote systems. Additionally, other applications on the targets machine might store sensitive authentication cookies in memory (e.g. apps which authenticate to cloud services). Session cookies can be used to bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nThere are several examples of malware targeting cookies from web browsers on the local system.(Citation: Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) There are also open source frameworks such as Evilginx 2 and Muraena that can gather session cookies through a man-in-the-middle proxy that can be set up by an adversary and used in phishing campaigns.(Citation: Github evilginx2)(Citation: GitHub Mauraena)\n\nAfter an adversary acquires a valid cookie, they can then perform a [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1506) technique to login to the corresponding web application.", + "description": "An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials. Web applications and services often use session cookies as an authentication token after a user has authenticated to a website.\n\nCookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. Cookies can be found on disk, in the process memory of the browser, and in network traffic to remote systems. Additionally, other applications on the targets machine might store sensitive authentication cookies in memory (e.g. apps which authenticate to cloud services). Session cookies can be used to bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nThere are several examples of malware targeting cookies from web browsers on the local system.(Citation: Kaspersky TajMahal April 2019)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019) There are also open source frameworks such as Evilginx 2 and Muraena that can gather session cookies through a man-in-the-middle proxy that can be set up by an adversary and used in phishing campaigns.(Citation: Github evilginx2)(Citation: GitHub Mauraena)\n\nAfter an adversary acquires a valid cookie, they can then perform a [Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004) technique to login to the corresponding web application.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1539", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", "Windows", "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539", @@ -5959,8 +6039,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -5983,11 +6065,13 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Metadata", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6042,29 +6126,33 @@ "value": "Rogue Cellular Base Station - T1467" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. They can attempt to render stored data inaccessible by encrypting files or data on local and remote drives and withholding access to a decryption key. This may be done in order to extract monetary compensation from a victim in exchange for decryption or a decryption key (ransomware) or to render data permanently inaccessible in cases where the key is not saved or transmitted.(Citation: US-CERT Ransomware 2016)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: US-CERT SamSam 2018) In the case of ransomware, it is typical that common user files like Office documents, PDFs, images, videos, audio, text, and source code files will be encrypted. In some cases, adversaries may encrypt critical system files, disk partitions, and the MBR.(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for encrypting data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other attack techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)", + "description": "Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems or on large numbers of systems in a network to interrupt availability to system and network resources. They can attempt to render stored data inaccessible by encrypting files or data on local and remote drives and withholding access to a decryption key. This may be done in order to extract monetary compensation from a victim in exchange for decryption or a decryption key (ransomware) or to render data permanently inaccessible in cases where the key is not saved or transmitted.(Citation: US-CERT Ransomware 2016)(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: US-CERT SamSam 2018) In the case of ransomware, it is typical that common user files like Office documents, PDFs, images, videos, audio, text, and source code files will be encrypted. In some cases, adversaries may encrypt critical system files, disk partitions, and the MBR.(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization, malware designed for encrypting data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging other attack techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: FireEye WannaCry 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)\n\nIn cloud environments, storage objects within compromised accounts may also be encrypted.(Citation: Rhino S3 Ransomware Part 1)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1486", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Kernel drivers", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Metadata", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486", "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA16-091A", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/05/wannacry-malware-profile.html", "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-181A", - "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/AA18-337A" + "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/AA18-337A", + "https://rhinosecuritylabs.com/aws/s3-ransomware-part-1-attack-vector/" ] }, "uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", @@ -6101,22 +6189,19 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Sensor health and status", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network device logs" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS", - "Azure", - "Office 365" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498", @@ -6137,24 +6222,21 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Web logs", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Network device logs", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499", @@ -6181,11 +6263,11 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "API monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "System calls" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6207,12 +6289,10 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6227,7 +6307,7 @@ "value": "Exfiltration Over Web Service - T1567" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)\n\nAdversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search freely available technical databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in online databases and repositories, such as registrations of domains/certificates as well as public collections of network data/artifacts gathered from traffic and/or scans.(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS)(Citation: Medium SSL Cert)(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup)(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN)(Citation: Shodan)\n\nAdversaries may search in different open databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596", "kill_chain": [ @@ -6258,15 +6338,20 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "GCP audit logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Instance: Instance Stop", + "Instance: Instance Start", + "Instance: Instance Creation", + "Instance: Instance Modification", + "Instance: Instance Deletion", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Creation", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Modification", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Deletion", + "Volume: Volume Creation", + "Volume: Volume Modification", + "Volume: Volume Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578", @@ -6277,7 +6362,7 @@ "value": "Modify Cloud Compute Infrastructure - T1578" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's identity that can be used during targeting. Information about identities may include a variety of details, including personal data (ex: employee names, email addresses, etc.) as well as sensitive details such as credentials.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about victims may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak)(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1589", "kill_chain": [ @@ -6309,9 +6394,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -6342,8 +6426,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -6372,8 +6457,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -6408,7 +6495,7 @@ "value": "Push-notification client-side exploit - T1373" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nDLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as VirtualAllocEx and WriteProcessMemory, then invoked with CreateRemoteThread (which calls the LoadLibrary API responsible for loading the DLL). (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of LoadLibrary).(Citation: Endgame HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. DLL injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nDLL injection is commonly performed by writing the path to a DLL in the virtual address space of the target process before loading the DLL by invoking a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as VirtualAllocEx and WriteProcessMemory, then invoked with CreateRemoteThread (which calls the LoadLibrary API responsible for loading the DLL). (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nVariations of this method such as reflective DLL injection (writing a self-mapping DLL into a process) and memory module (map DLL when writing into process) overcome the address relocation issue as well as the additional APIs to invoke execution (since these methods load and execute the files in memory by manually preforming the function of LoadLibrary).(Citation: Elastic HuntingNMemory June 2017)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via DLL injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -6416,10 +6503,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -6440,29 +6526,23 @@ "value": "Dynamic-link Library Injection - T1055.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may attempt to take advantage of a weakness in an Internet-facing computer or program using software, data, or commands in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior. The weakness in the system can be a bug, a glitch, or a design vulnerability. These applications are often websites, but can include databases (like SQL)(Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662), standard services (like SMB(Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities) or SSH), network device administration and management protocols (like SNMP and Smart Install(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)), and any other applications with Internet accessible open sockets, such as web servers and related services.(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169) Depending on the flaw being exploited this may include [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211). \n\nIf an application is hosted on cloud-based infrastructure, then exploiting it may lead to compromise of the underlying instance. This can allow an adversary a path to access the cloud APIs or to take advantage of weak identity and access management policies.\n\nFor websites and databases, the OWASP top 10 and CWE top 25 highlight the most common web-based vulnerabilities.(Citation: OWASP Top 10)(Citation: CWE top 25)", + "description": "Adversaries may attempt to take advantage of a weakness in an Internet-facing computer or program using software, data, or commands in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior. The weakness in the system can be a bug, a glitch, or a design vulnerability. These applications are often websites, but can include databases (like SQL)(Citation: NVD CVE-2016-6662), standard services (like SMB(Citation: CIS Multiple SMB Vulnerabilities) or SSH), network device administration and management protocols (like SNMP and Smart Install(Citation: US-CERT TA18-106A Network Infrastructure Devices 2018)(Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks)), and any other applications with Internet accessible open sockets, such as web servers and related services.(Citation: NVD CVE-2014-7169) Depending on the flaw being exploited this may include [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211). \n\nIf an application is hosted on cloud-based infrastructure and/or is containerized, then exploiting it may lead to compromise of the underlying instance or container. This can allow an adversary a path to access the cloud or container APIs, exploit container host access via [Escape to Host](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1611), or take advantage of weak identity and access management policies.\n\nFor websites and databases, the OWASP top 10 and CWE top 25 highlight the most common web-based vulnerabilities.(Citation: OWASP Top 10)(Citation: CWE top 25)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1190", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Packet capture", - "Web logs", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Application logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", "Windows", + "IaaS", + "Network", + "Linux", "macOS", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Network" + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190", @@ -6500,12 +6580,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -6533,9 +6609,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Kernel drivers" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6629,14 +6705,14 @@ "value": "Exploit public-facing application - T1377" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search websites owned by the victim for information that can be used during targeting. Victim-owned websites may contain a variety of details, including names of departments/divisions, physical locations, and data about key employees such as names, roles, and contact info (ex: [Email Addresses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/002)). These sites may also have details highlighting business operations and relationships.(Citation: Comparitech Leak)\n\nAdversaries may search victim-owned websites to gather actionable information. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search websites owned by the victim for information that can be used during targeting. Victim-owned websites may contain a variety of details, including names of departments/divisions, physical locations, and data about key employees such as names, roles, and contact info (ex: [Email Addresses](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1589/002)). These sites may also have details highlighting business operations and relationships.(Citation: Comparitech Leak)\n\nAdversaries may search victim-owned websites to gather actionable information. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1594", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Web logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -6649,59 +6725,6 @@ "uuid": "16cdd21f-da65-4e4f-bc04-dd7d198c7b26", "value": "Search Victim-Owned Websites - T1594" }, - { - "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a user’s shell. ~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc are shell scripts that contain shell commands. These files are executed in a user's context when a new shell opens or when a user logs in so that their environment is set correctly.\n\n~/.bash_profile is executed for login shells and ~/.bashrc is executed for interactive non-login shells. This means that when a user logs in (via username and password) to the console (either locally or remotely via something like SSH), the ~/.bash_profile script is executed before the initial command prompt is returned to the user. After that, every time a new shell is opened, the ~/.bashrc script is executed. This allows users more fine-grained control over when they want certain commands executed. These shell scripts are meant to be written to by the local user to configure their own environment.\n\nThe macOS Terminal.app is a little different in that it runs a login shell by default each time a new terminal window is opened, thus calling ~/.bash_profile each time instead of ~/.bashrc.\n\nAdversaries may abuse these shell scripts by inserting arbitrary shell commands that may be used to execute other binaries to gain persistence. Every time the user logs in or opens a new shell, the modified ~/.bash_profile and/or ~/.bashrc scripts will be executed.(Citation: amnesia malware)", - "meta": { - "external_id": "T1546.004", - "kill_chain": [ - "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation", - "mitre-attack:persistence" - ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" - ], - "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS" - ], - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/004", - "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-new-iotlinux-malware-targets-dvrs-forms-botnet/" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "b6301b64-ef57-4cce-bb0b-77026f14a8db", - "type": "subtechnique-of" - } - ], - "uuid": "b63a34e8-0a61-4c97-a23b-bf8a2ed812e2", - "value": ".bash_profile and .bashrc - T1546.004" - }, - { - "description": "~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc are shell scripts that contain shell commands. These files are executed in a user's context when a new shell opens or when a user logs in so that their environment is set correctly. ~/.bash_profile is executed for login shells and ~/.bashrc is executed for interactive non-login shells. This means that when a user logs in (via username and password) to the console (either locally or remotely via something like SSH), the ~/.bash_profile script is executed before the initial command prompt is returned to the user. After that, every time a new shell is opened, the ~/.bashrc script is executed. This allows users more fine-grained control over when they want certain commands executed. These shell scripts are meant to be written to by the local user to configure their own environment. \n\nThe macOS Terminal.app is a little different in that it runs a login shell by default each time a new terminal window is opened, thus calling ~/.bash_profile each time instead of ~/.bashrc.\n\nAdversaries may abuse these shell scripts by inserting arbitrary shell commands that may be used to execute other binaries to gain persistence. Every time the user logs in or opens a new shell, the modified ~/.bash_profile and/or ~/.bashrc scripts will be executed.(Citation: amnesia malware).", - "meta": { - "external_id": "T1156", - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1156", - "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-new-iotlinux-malware-targets-dvrs-forms-botnet/" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "b63a34e8-0a61-4c97-a23b-bf8a2ed812e2", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "revoked-by" - } - ], - "uuid": "01df3350-ce05-4bdf-bdf8-0a919a66d4a8", - "value": ".bash_profile and .bashrc - T1156" - }, { "description": "Adversaries may attempt to dump the contents of /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow to enable offline password cracking. Most modern Linux operating systems use a combination of /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow to store user account information including password hashes in /etc/shadow. By default, /etc/shadow is only readable by the root user.(Citation: Linux Password and Shadow File Formats)\n\nThe Linux utility, unshadow, can be used to combine the two files in a format suited for password cracking utilities such as John the Ripper:(Citation: nixCraft - John the Ripper) # /usr/bin/unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > /tmp/crack.password.db\n", "meta": { @@ -6709,6 +6732,10 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access" + ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" ], @@ -6735,10 +6762,11 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "Process use of network" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Network Share: Network Share Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -6771,7 +6799,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -6799,9 +6827,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -6828,7 +6856,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -6855,9 +6883,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -6887,10 +6913,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs" + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6921,8 +6946,11 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "User interface" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6950,11 +6978,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -6983,9 +7008,10 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Authentication logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7006,6 +7032,35 @@ "uuid": "eb062747-2193-45de-8fa2-e62549c37ddf", "value": "Remote Desktop Protocol - T1021.001" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may check for Internet connectivity on compromised systems. This may be performed during automated discovery and can be accomplished in numerous ways such as using [Ping](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0097), tracert, and GET requests to websites.\n\nAdversaries may use the results and responses from these requests to determine if the system is capable of communicating with their C2 servers before attempting to connect to them. The results may also be used to identify routes, redirectors, and proxy servers.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1016.001", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:discovery" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Linux", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1016/001" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "132d5b37-aac5-4378-a8dc-3127b18a73dc", + "value": "Internet Connection Discovery - T1016.001" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may modify the operating system of a network device to introduce new capabilities or weaken existing defenses.(Citation: Killing the myth of Cisco IOS rootkits) (Citation: Killing IOS diversity myth) (Citation: Cisco IOS Shellcode) (Citation: Cisco IOS Forensics Developments) (Citation: Juniper Netscreen of the Dead) Some network devices are built with a monolithic architecture, where the entire operating system and most of the functionality of the device is contained within a single file. Adversaries may change this file in storage, to be loaded in a future boot, or in memory during runtime.\n\nTo change the operating system in storage, the adversary will typically use the standard procedures available to device operators. This may involve downloading a new file via typical protocols used on network devices, such as TFTP, FTP, SCP, or a console connection. The original file may be overwritten, or a new file may be written alongside of it and the device reconfigured to boot to the compromised image.\n\nTo change the operating system in memory, the adversary typically can use one of two methods. In the first, the adversary would make use of native debug commands in the original, unaltered running operating system that allow them to directly modify the relevant memory addresses containing the running operating system. This method typically requires administrative level access to the device.\n\nIn the second method for changing the operating system in memory, the adversary would make use of the boot loader. The boot loader is the first piece of software that loads when the device starts that, in turn, will launch the operating system. Adversaries may use malicious code previously implanted in the boot loader, such as through the [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) method, to directly manipulate running operating system code in memory. This malicious code in the bootloader provides the capability of direct memory manipulation to the adversary, allowing them to patch the live operating system during runtime.\n\nBy modifying the instructions stored in the system image file, adversaries may either weaken existing defenses or provision new capabilities that the device did not have before. Examples of existing defenses that can be impeded include encryption, via [Weaken Encryption](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1600), authentication, via [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004), and perimeter defenses, via [Network Boundary Bridging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1599). Adding new capabilities for the adversary’s purpose include [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), [Multi-hop Proxy](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1090/003), and [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001).\n\nAdversaries may also compromise existing commands in the operating system to produce false output to mislead defenders. When this method is used in conjunction with [Downgrade System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/002), one example of a compromised system command may include changing the output of the command that shows the version of the currently running operating system. By patching the operating system, the adversary can change this command to instead display the original, higher revision number that they replaced through the system downgrade. \n\nWhen the operating system is patched in storage, this can be achieved in either the resident storage (typically a form of flash memory, which is non-volatile) or via [TFTP Boot](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/005). \n\nWhen the technique is performed on the running operating system in memory and not on the stored copy, this technique will not survive across reboots. However, live memory modification of the operating system can be combined with [ROMMONkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/004) to achieve persistence. ", "meta": { @@ -7014,9 +7069,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device run-time memory", - "Network device configuration", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -7049,9 +7102,10 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Data loss prevention", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Access", + "Drive: Drive Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7079,8 +7133,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device configuration", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -7107,11 +7160,10 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Authentication logs", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7140,11 +7192,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7173,9 +7222,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -7203,9 +7250,9 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7234,12 +7281,13 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "OAuth audit logs" + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001", @@ -7267,7 +7315,7 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Application logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -7299,10 +7347,9 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7327,30 +7374,25 @@ "value": "Archive via Utility - T1560.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment.\n\nAdversaries may add credentials for Azure Service Principals in addition to existing legitimate credentials(Citation: Create Azure Service Principal) to victim Azure accounts.(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video) Azure Service Principals support both password and certificate credentials.(Citation: Why AAD Service Principals) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules.(Citation: Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals)\n\nAfter gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the CreateKeyPair or ImportKeyPair API in AWS or the gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add) This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Expel Behind the Scenes)", + "description": "Adversaries may add adversary-controlled credentials to a cloud account to maintain persistent access to victim accounts and instances within the environment.\n\nAdversaries may add credentials for Service Principals and Applications in addition to existing legitimate credentials in Azure AD.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death)(Citation: Blue Cloud of Death Video) These credentials include both x509 keys and passwords.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) With sufficient permissions, there are a variety of ways to add credentials including the Azure Portal, Azure command line interface, and Azure or Az PowerShell modules.(Citation: Demystifying Azure AD Service Principals)\n\nIn infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environments, after gaining access through [Cloud Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004), adversaries may generate or import their own SSH keys using either the CreateKeyPair or ImportKeyPair API in AWS or the gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add command in GCP.(Citation: GCP SSH Key Add) This allows persistent access to instances within the cloud environment without further usage of the compromised cloud accounts.(Citation: Expel IO Evil in AWS)(Citation: Expel Behind the Scenes)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1098.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "GCP audit logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs" + "User Account: User Account Modification", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Azure AD", - "Azure", - "AWS", - "GCP" + "IaaS", + "Azure AD" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098/001", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/create-an-azure-service-principal-azure-cli?toc=%2Fazure%2Fazure-resource-manager%2Ftoc.json&view=azure-cli-latest", + "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/", "https://speakerdeck.com/tweekfawkes/blue-cloud-of-death-red-teaming-azure-1", "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQ1CuAPnrLM&feature=youtu.be&t=2815", - "https://github.com/microsoft/AzureSuperpowers/blob/master/docs/AzureSuperpowers.md#why-aad-service-principals", "https://nedinthecloud.com/2019/07/16/demystifying-azure-ad-service-principals/", "https://cloud.google.com/sdk/gcloud/reference/compute/os-login/ssh-keys/add", "https://expel.io/blog/finding-evil-in-aws/", @@ -7374,9 +7416,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7406,17 +7449,15 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074/002", @@ -7433,7 +7474,7 @@ "value": "Remote Data Staging - T1074.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nPE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as VirtualAllocEx and WriteProcessMemory, then invoked with CreateRemoteThread or additional code (ex: shellcode). The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references. (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject portable executables (PE) into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. PE injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nPE injection is commonly performed by copying code (perhaps without a file on disk) into the virtual address space of the target process before invoking it via a new thread. The write can be performed with native Windows API calls such as VirtualAllocEx and WriteProcessMemory, then invoked with CreateRemoteThread or additional code (ex: shellcode). The displacement of the injected code does introduce the additional requirement for functionality to remap memory references. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via PE injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7441,8 +7482,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7462,7 +7503,7 @@ "value": "Portable Executable Injection - T1055.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may “pass the hash” using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash. In this technique, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a Credential Access technique. Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.\n\nWindows 7 and higher with KB2871997 require valid domain user credentials or RID 500 administrator hashes.(Citation: NSA Spotting)", + "description": "Adversaries may “pass the hash” using stolen password hashes to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the hash (PtH) is a method of authenticating as a user without having access to the user's cleartext password. This method bypasses standard authentication steps that require a cleartext password, moving directly into the portion of the authentication that uses the password hash.\n\nWhen performing PtH, valid password hashes for the account being used are captured using a [Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006) technique. Captured hashes are used with PtH to authenticate as that user. Once authenticated, PtH may be used to perform actions on local or remote systems.\n\nAdversaries may also use stolen password hashes to \"overpass the hash.\" Similar to PtH, this involves using a password hash to authenticate as a user but also uses the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket. This ticket can then be used to perform [Pass the Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/003) attacks.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-644", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7470,7 +7511,9 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7478,7 +7521,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/644.html", - "https://apps.nsa.gov/iaarchive/library/reports/spotting-the-adversary-with-windows-event-log-monitoring.cfm" + "https://stealthbits.com/blog/how-to-detect-overpass-the-hash-attacks/" ] }, "related": [ @@ -7498,8 +7541,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7532,10 +7575,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "User interface", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -7560,17 +7600,17 @@ "value": "GUI Input Capture - T1056.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing. (Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename rundll32.exe). (Citation: Endgame Masquerade Ball) An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths. (Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)", + "description": "Adversaries may rename legitimate system utilities to try to evade security mechanisms concerning the usage of those utilities. Security monitoring and control mechanisms may be in place for system utilities adversaries are capable of abusing. (Citation: LOLBAS Main Site) It may be possible to bypass those security mechanisms by renaming the utility prior to utilization (ex: rename rundll32.exe). (Citation: Elastic Masquerade Ball) An alternative case occurs when a legitimate utility is copied or moved to a different directory and renamed to avoid detections based on system utilities executing from non-standard paths. (Citation: F-Secure CozyDuke)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1036.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7581,7 +7621,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/003", "https://lolbas-project.github.io/", "http://pages.endgame.com/rs/627-YBU-612/images/EndgameJournal_The%20Masquerade%20Ball_Pages_R2.pdf", - "https://www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/CozyDuke", + "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163418/CozyDuke.pdf", "https://twitter.com/ItsReallyNick/status/1055321652777619457" ] }, @@ -7603,8 +7643,11 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7624,7 +7667,7 @@ "value": "Network Logon Script - T1037.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nThread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL. A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as OpenThread. At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via SuspendThread , VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, SetThreadContext, then ResumeThread respectively.(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n\nThis is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state. \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into hijacked processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Thread Execution Hijacking is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nThread Execution Hijacking is commonly performed by suspending an existing process then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code or the path to a DLL. A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as OpenThread. At this point the process can be suspended then written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via SuspendThread , VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, SetThreadContext, then ResumeThread respectively.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nThis is very similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012) but targets an existing process rather than creating a process in a suspended state. \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via Thread Execution Hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7632,8 +7675,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7653,7 +7696,7 @@ "value": "Thread Execution Hijacking - T1055.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may “pass the ticket” using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.\n\nIn this technique, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)\n\n[Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)\n\n[Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: Campbell 2014)", + "description": "Adversaries may “pass the ticket” using stolen Kerberos tickets to move laterally within an environment, bypassing normal system access controls. Pass the ticket (PtT) is a method of authenticating to a system using Kerberos tickets without having access to an account's password. Kerberos authentication can be used as the first step to lateral movement to a remote system.\n\nWhen preforming PtT, valid Kerberos tickets for [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) are captured by [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). A user's service tickets or ticket granting ticket (TGT) may be obtained, depending on the level of access. A service ticket allows for access to a particular resource, whereas a TGT can be used to request service tickets from the Ticket Granting Service (TGS) to access any resource the user has privileges to access.(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)(Citation: GentilKiwi Pass the Ticket)\n\nA [Silver Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/002) can be obtained for services that use Kerberos as an authentication mechanism and are used to generate tickets to access that particular resource and the system that hosts the resource (e.g., SharePoint).(Citation: ADSecurity AD Kerberos Attacks)\n\nA [Golden Ticket](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1558/001) can be obtained for the domain using the Key Distribution Service account KRBTGT account NTLM hash, which enables generation of TGTs for any account in Active Directory.(Citation: Campbell 2014)\n\nAdversaries may also create a valid Kerberos ticket using other user information, such as stolen password hashes or AES keys. For example, \"overpassing the hash\" involves using a NTLM password hash to authenticate as a user (i.e. [Pass the Hash](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/002)) while also using the password hash to create a valid Kerberos ticket.(Citation: Stealthbits Overpass-the-Hash)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-645", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7661,7 +7704,9 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7672,6 +7717,7 @@ "https://adsecurity.org/?p=556", "http://blog.gentilkiwi.com/securite/mimikatz/pass-the-ticket-kerberos", "http://defcon.org/images/defcon-22/dc-22-presentations/Campbell/DEFCON-22-Christopher-Campbell-The-Secret-Life-of-Krbtgt.pdf", + "https://stealthbits.com/blog/how-to-detect-overpass-the-hash-attacks/", "https://cert.europa.eu/static/WhitePapers/UPDATED%20-%20CERT-EU_Security_Whitepaper_2014-007_Kerberos_Golden_Ticket_Protection_v1_4.pdf" ] }, @@ -7693,7 +7739,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7716,16 +7762,48 @@ "value": "Web Portal Capture - T1056.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell (cmd.exe) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. \n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.\n\nAdversaries may leverage cmd.exe to execute various commands and payloads. Common uses include cmd.exe /c to execute a single command, or abusing cmd.exe interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality provided by container orchestration tools such as Kubernetes to schedule deployment of containers configured to execute malicious code. Container orchestration jobs run these automated tasks at a specific date and time, similar to cron jobs on a Linux system. Deployments of this type can also be configured to maintain a quantity of containers over time, automating the process of maintaining persistence within a cluster.\n\nIn Kubernetes, a CronJob may be used to schedule a Job that runs one or more containers to perform specific tasks.(Citation: Kubernetes Jobs)(Citation: Kubernetes CronJob) An adversary therefore may utilize a CronJob to schedule deployment of a Job that executes malicious code in the cluster.(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1053.007", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:execution", + "mitre-attack:persistence", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Container: Container Creation", + "File: File Creation" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/007", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/job/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/cron-jobs/", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/02/attack-matrix-kubernetes/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "35dd844a-b219-4e2b-a6bb-efa9a75995a9", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "1126cab1-c700-412f-a510-61f4937bb096", + "value": "Container Orchestration Job - T1053.007" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution. The Windows command shell ([cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106)) is the primary command prompt on Windows systems. The Windows command prompt can be used to control almost any aspect of a system, with various permission levels required for different subsets of commands. \n\nBatch files (ex: .bat or .cmd) also provide the shell with a list of sequential commands to run, as well as normal scripting operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of batch files include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems.\n\nAdversaries may leverage [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute various commands and payloads. Common uses include [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) to execute a single command, or abusing [cmd](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0106) interactively with input and output forwarded over a command and control channel.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1059.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7744,7 +7822,7 @@ "value": "Windows Command Shell - T1059.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network trust dependencies that can be used during targeting. Information about network trusts may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network trusts may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: Pentesting AD Forests) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7775,8 +7853,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7797,6 +7874,31 @@ "uuid": "e51137a5-1cdc-499e-911a-abaedaa5ac86", "value": "Space after Filename - T1036.006" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are files that can be installed on servers to enable secure communications between systems. Digital certificates include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate securely with its owner. Certificates can be uploaded to a server, then the server can be configured to use the certificate to enable encrypted communication with it.(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert)\n\nAdversaries may install SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or lending credibility to a credential harvesting site. Installation of digital certificates may take place for a number of server types, including web servers and email servers. \n\nAdversaries can obtain digital certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/004)) or create self-signed certificates (see [Digital Certificates](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/003)). Digital certificates can then be installed on adversary controlled infrastructure that may have been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608.003", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003", + "https://www.digicert.com/kb/ssl-certificate-installation.htm", + "https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/security/tall-tales-of-hunting-with-tls-ssl-certificates.html" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "c071d8c1-3b3a-4f22-9407-ca4e96921069", + "value": "Install Digital Certificate - T1608.003" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the asynchronous procedure call (APC) queue in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. APC injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nAPC injection is commonly performed by attaching malicious code to the APC Queue (Citation: Microsoft APC) of a process's thread. Queued APC functions are executed when the thread enters an alterable state.(Citation: Microsoft APC) A handle to an existing victim process is first created with native Windows API calls such as OpenThread. At this point QueueUserAPC can be used to invoke a function (such as LoadLibrayA pointing to a malicious DLL). \n\nA variation of APC injection, dubbed \"Early Bird injection\", involves creating a suspended process in which malicious code can be written and executed before the process' entry point (and potentially subsequent anti-malware hooks) via an APC. (Citation: CyberBit Early Bird Apr 2018) AtomBombing (Citation: ENSIL AtomBombing Oct 2016) is another variation that utilizes APCs to invoke malicious code previously written to the global atom table.(Citation: Microsoft Atom Table)\n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via APC injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { @@ -7806,8 +7908,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7831,7 +7933,7 @@ "value": "Asynchronous Procedure Call - T1055.004" }, { - "description": "Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services. This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently. Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active. Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform.\n\nThere have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", + "description": "Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services. This technique bypasses some multi-factor authentication protocols since the session is already authenticated.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)\n\nAuthentication cookies are commonly used in web applications, including cloud-based services, after a user has authenticated to the service so credentials are not passed and re-authentication does not need to occur as frequently. Cookies are often valid for an extended period of time, even if the web application is not actively used. After the cookie is obtained through [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) or [Web Cookies](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001), the adversary may then import the cookie into a browser they control and is then able to use the site or application as the user for as long as the session cookie is active. Once logged into the site, an adversary can access sensitive information, read email, or perform actions that the victim account has permissions to perform.\n\nThere have been examples of malware targeting session cookies to bypass multi-factor authentication systems.(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-60", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7839,12 +7941,13 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "Authentication logs" + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004", @@ -7863,7 +7966,7 @@ "value": "Web Session Cookie - T1550.004" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials. Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials. Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:\n\n* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n* **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process’s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n* **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n", + "description": "Adversaries may hook into Windows application programming interface (API) functions to collect user credentials. Malicious hooking mechanisms may capture API calls that include parameters that reveal user authentication credentials.(Citation: Microsoft TrojanSpy:Win32/Ursnif.gen!I Sept 2017) Unlike [Keylogging](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1056/001), this technique focuses specifically on API functions that include parameters that reveal user credentials. Hooking involves redirecting calls to these functions and can be implemented via:\n\n* **Hooks procedures**, which intercept and execute designated code in response to events such as messages, keystrokes, and mouse inputs.(Citation: Microsoft Hook Overview)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n* **Import address table (IAT) hooking**, which use modifications to a process’s IAT, where pointers to imported API functions are stored.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: Adlice Software IAT Hooks Oct 2014)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n* **Inline hooking**, which overwrites the first bytes in an API function to redirect code flow.(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)(Citation: HighTech Bridge Inline Hooking Sept 2011)(Citation: MWRInfoSecurity Dynamic Hooking 2015)\n", "meta": { "external_id": "T1056.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -7871,12 +7974,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7916,9 +8015,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -7949,8 +8048,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -7979,8 +8078,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "System calls", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -8005,7 +8104,7 @@ "value": "Ptrace System Calls - T1055.008" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting. Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts. Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation: Nmap Firewalls NIDS) Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network security appliances that can be used during targeting. Information about network security appliances may include a variety of details, such as the existence and specifics of deployed firewalls, content filters, and proxies/bastion hosts. Adversaries may also target information about victim network-based intrusion detection systems (NIDS) or other appliances related to defensive cybersecurity operations.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598).(Citation: Nmap Firewalls NIDS) Information about network security appliances may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.006", "kill_chain": [ @@ -8036,10 +8135,7 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device logs", - "Network device run-time memory", - "Network device command history", - "Network device configuration" + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -8067,10 +8163,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "Mail server" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8091,21 +8185,21 @@ "value": "Local Email Collection - T1114.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may target an Exchange server or Office 365 to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network. Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services or Office 365 to access email using credentials or access tokens. Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords.", + "description": "Adversaries may target an Exchange server, Office 365, or Google Workspace to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may leverage a user's credentials and interact directly with the Exchange server to acquire information from within a network. Adversaries may also access externally facing Exchange services, Office 365, or Google Workspace to access email using credentials or access tokens. Tools such as [MailSniper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0413) can be used to automate searches for specific keywords.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1114.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Email gateway", - "Mail server", - "Office 365 trace logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Office 365", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114/002" @@ -8128,9 +8222,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8154,22 +8248,19 @@ "value": "Compiled HTML File - T1218.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may abuse email-forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim’s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) Outlook and Outlook Web App (OWA) allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2) \n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more.", + "description": "Adversaries may setup email forwarding rules to collect sensitive information. Adversaries may abuse email-forwarding rules to monitor the activities of a victim, steal information, and further gain intelligence on the victim or the victim’s organization to use as part of further exploits or operations.(Citation: US-CERT TA18-068A 2018) Outlook and Outlook Web App (OWA) allow users to create inbox rules for various email functions, including forwarding to a different recipient. Similarly, Google Workspace users or administrators can set up mail forwarding rules via the Google Workspace web interface. Messages can be forwarded to internal or external recipients, and there are no restrictions limiting the extent of this rule. Administrators may also create forwarding rules for user accounts with the same considerations and outcomes.(Citation: Microsoft Tim McMichael Exchange Mail Forwarding 2) \n\nAny user or administrator within the organization (or adversary with valid credentials) can create rules to automatically forward all received messages to another recipient, forward emails to different locations based on the sender, and more.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1114.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Email gateway", - "Mail server", - "Office 365 trace logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Office 365", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114/003", @@ -8194,10 +8285,12 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -8231,9 +8324,11 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Kernel drivers", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Drive: Drive Access", + "Drive: Drive Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8265,23 +8360,21 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Firewall: Firewall Metadata", + "Firewall: Firewall Enumeration", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001", @@ -8299,7 +8392,7 @@ "value": "Security Software Discovery - T1518.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: DOB Business Lookup) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather the victim's physical location(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about physical locations of a target organization may include a variety of details, including where key resources and infrastructure are housed. Physical locations may also indicate what legal jurisdiction and/or authorities the victim operates within.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Physical locations of a target organization may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak)(Citation: DOB Business Lookup) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1591.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -8324,29 +8417,30 @@ "value": "Determine Physical Locations - T1591.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords.\n\nIt is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). (Citation: CG 2014) Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller. (Citation: SRD GPP)\n\nIn cloud environments, authenticated user credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files. In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files. (Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)", + "description": "Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials. These can be files created by users to store their own credentials, shared credential stores for a group of individuals, configuration files containing passwords for a system or service, or source code/binary files containing embedded passwords.\n\nIt is possible to extract passwords from backups or saved virtual machines through [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003). (Citation: CG 2014) Passwords may also be obtained from Group Policy Preferences stored on the Windows Domain Controller. (Citation: SRD GPP)\n\nIn cloud and/or containerized environments, authenticated user and service account credentials are often stored in local configuration and credential files.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware) They may also be found as parameters to deployment commands in container logs.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) In some cases, these files can be copied and reused on another machine or the contents can be read and then used to authenticate without needing to copy any files.(Citation: Specter Ops - Cloud Credential Storage)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-639", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/001", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/639.html", "http://carnal0wnage.attackresearch.com/2014/05/mimikatz-against-virtual-machine-memory.html", "http://blogs.technet.com/b/srd/archive/2014/05/13/ms14-025-an-update-for-group-policy-preferences.aspx", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hildegard-malware-teamtnt/", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/attackers-tactics-and-techniques-in-unsecured-docker-daemons-revealed/", "https://posts.specterops.io/head-in-the-clouds-bd038bb69e48" ] }, @@ -8367,9 +8461,11 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Kernel drivers", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Drive: Drive Access", + "Drive: Drive Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8396,7 +8492,7 @@ "value": "Disk Structure Wipe - T1561.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the CreateProcess API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via svchost.exe or consent.exe) rather than the current user context.(Citation: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018)\n\nAdversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1085) to be explorer.exe rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as lsass.exe), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017)", + "description": "Adversaries may spoof the parent process identifier (PPID) of a new process to evade process-monitoring defenses or to elevate privileges. New processes are typically spawned directly from their parent, or calling, process unless explicitly specified. One way of explicitly assigning the PPID of a new process is via the CreateProcess API call, which supports a parameter that defines the PPID to use.(Citation: DidierStevens SelectMyParent Nov 2009) This functionality is used by Windows features such as User Account Control (UAC) to correctly set the PPID after a requested elevated process is spawned by SYSTEM (typically via svchost.exe or consent.exe) rather than the current user context.(Citation: Microsoft UAC Nov 2018)\n\nAdversaries may abuse these mechanisms to evade defenses, such as those blocking processes spawning directly from Office documents, and analysis targeting unusual/potentially malicious parent-child process relationships, such as spoofing the PPID of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001)/[Rundll32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/011) to be explorer.exe rather than an Office document delivered as part of [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001).(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018) This spoofing could be executed via [Visual Basic](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/005) within a malicious Office document or any code that can perform [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106).(Citation: CTD PPID Spoofing Macro Mar 2019)(Citation: CounterCept PPID Spoofing Dec 2018)\n\nExplicitly assigning the PPID may also enable elevated privileges given appropriate access rights to the parent process. For example, an adversary in a privileged user context (i.e. administrator) may spawn a new process and assign the parent as a process running as SYSTEM (such as lsass.exe), causing the new process to be elevated via the inherited access token.(Citation: XPNSec PPID Nov 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1134.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -8404,9 +8500,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: Process Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8439,9 +8535,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -8464,7 +8560,7 @@ "value": "Outlook Home Page - T1137.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week. This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim’s hardware and software resources.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199))", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business tempo that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business tempo may include a variety of details, including operational hours/days of the week. This information may also reveal times/dates of purchases and shipments of the victim’s hardware and software resources.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business tempo may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199))", "meta": { "external_id": "T1591.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -8487,6 +8583,43 @@ "uuid": "2339cf19-8f1e-48f7-8a91-0262ba547b6f", "value": "Identify Business Tempo - T1591.003" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain. Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predicable network path \\\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) \n\nLike other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them. By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs. It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain.\n\nMalicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1569/002), and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: Microsoft Hacking Team Breach) Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)\n\nFor example, publicly available scripts such as New-GPOImmediateTask can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <GPO_PATH>\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <GPO_PATH>\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1484.001", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Deletion", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484/001", + "https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/musings_of_a_technical_tam/2012/02/13/group-policy-basics-part-1-understanding-the-structure-of-a-group-policy-object/", + "https://adsecurity.org/?p=2716", + "https://wald0.com/?p=179", + "http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/redteaming/abusing-gpo-permissions/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-mtrends-2016.pdf", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2016/06/01/hacking-team-breach-a-cyber-jurassic-park/", + "http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/activedirectory/the-most-dangerous-user-right-you-probably-have-never-heard-of/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "5d2be8b9-d24c-4e98-83bf-2f5f79477163", + "value": "Group Policy Modification - T1484.001" + }, { "description": "An adversary may perform shell escapes or exploit vulnerabilities in an application with the setsuid or setgid bits to get code running in a different user’s context. On Linux or macOS, when the setuid or setgid bits are set for an application, the application will run with the privileges of the owning user or group respectively. (Citation: setuid man page). Normally an application is run in the current user’s context, regardless of which user or group owns the application. However, there are instances where programs need to be executed in an elevated context to function properly, but the user running them doesn’t need the elevated privileges.\n\nInstead of creating an entry in the sudoers file, which must be done by root, any user can specify the setuid or setgid flag to be set for their own applications. These bits are indicated with an \"s\" instead of an \"x\" when viewing a file's attributes via ls -l. The chmod program can set these bits with via bitmasking, chmod 4777 [file] or via shorthand naming, chmod u+s [file].\n\nAdversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.(Citation: OSX Keydnap malware).", "meta": { @@ -8496,9 +8629,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8527,22 +8660,18 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Sensor health and status", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network device logs" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS", - "Azure", - "Office 365" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/001", @@ -8569,10 +8698,9 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device logs", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8604,12 +8732,14 @@ "external_id": "T1556.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "API monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8637,8 +8767,9 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Application logs" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8661,15 +8792,12 @@ "value": "Stored Data Manipulation - T1565.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nFor operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important. These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). Establishing a persona on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos. \n\nOnce a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest. These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", + "description": "Adversaries may create and cultivate social media accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can create social media accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nFor operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of a persona on social media may be important. These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. The persona may exist on a single social media site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). Establishing a persona on social media may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos. \n\nOnce a persona has been developed an adversary can use it to create connections to targets of interest. These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) These accounts may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1585.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Social media monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -8689,15 +8817,14 @@ "value": "Social Media Accounts - T1585.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.\n\nAdversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may scan victim IP blocks to gather information that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses.\n\nAdversaries may scan IP blocks in order to [Gather Victim Network Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1590), such as which IP addresses are actively in use as well as more detailed information about hosts assigned these addresses. Scans may range from simple pings (ICMP requests and responses) to more nuanced scans that may reveal host software/versions via server banners or other network artifacts.(Citation: Botnet Scan) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1595.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network device logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -8724,8 +8851,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8749,15 +8877,12 @@ "value": "Component Object Model - T1559.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting. For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts. Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. \n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nPersonas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.\n\nAdversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest. These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise social media accounts that can be used during targeting. For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. Rather than creating and cultivating social media profiles (i.e. [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001)), adversaries may compromise existing social media accounts. Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. \n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising social media accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising social media accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nPersonas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, etc.). Compromised social media accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.\n\nAdversaries can use a compromised social media profile to create new, or hijack existing, connections to targets of interest. These connections may be direct or may include trying to connect through others.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage) Compromised profiles may be leveraged during other phases of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Initial Access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1586.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Social media monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -8785,7 +8910,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DNS records" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8809,7 +8935,7 @@ "value": "Fast Flux DNS - T1568.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting. Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported. Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)\n\nAdversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information. Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search private data from threat intelligence vendors for information that can be used during targeting. Threat intelligence vendors may offer paid feeds or portals that offer more data than what is publicly reported. Although sensitive details (such as customer names and other identifiers) may be redacted, this information may contain trends regarding breaches such as target industries, attribution claims, and successful TTPs/countermeasures.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds)\n\nAdversaries may search in private threat intelligence vendor data to gather actionable information. Threat actors may seek information/indicators gathered about their own campaigns, as well as those conducted by other adversaries that may align with their target industries, capabilities/objectives, or other operational concerns. Information reported by vendors may also reveal opportunities other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1597.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -8840,9 +8966,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8861,6 +8987,41 @@ "uuid": "341e222a-a6e3-4f6f-b69c-831d792b1580", "value": "Credentials in Registry - T1552.002" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may add new domain trusts or modify the properties of existing domain trusts to evade defenses and/or elevate privileges. Domain trust details, such as whether or not a domain is federated, allow authentication and authorization properties to apply between domains for the purpose of accessing shared resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Azure AD Federation) These trust objects may include accounts, credentials, and other authentication material applied to servers, tokens, and domains.\n\nManipulating the domain trusts may allow an adversary to escalate privileges and/or evade defenses by modifying settings to add objects which they control. For example, this may be used to forge [SAML Tokens](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002), without the need to compromise the signing certificate to forge new credentials. Instead, an adversary can manipulate domain trusts to add their own signing certificate.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1484.002", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484/002", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/hybrid/whatis-fed", + "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/AuditLogs/ADFSDomainTrustMods.yaml", + "https://www.sygnia.co/golden-saml-advisory", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-008a", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/troubleshoot/active-directory/update-federated-domain-office-365" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "24769ab5-14bd-4f4e-a752-cfb185da53ee", + "value": "Domain Trust Modification - T1484.002" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may target the different network services provided by systems to conduct a DoS. Adversaries often target DNS and web services, however others have been targeted as well.(Citation: Arbor AnnualDoSreport Jan 2018) Web server software can be attacked through a variety of means, some of which apply generally while others are specific to the software being used to provide the service.\n\nOne example of this type of attack is known as a simple HTTP flood, where an adversary sends a large number of HTTP requests to a web server to overwhelm it and/or an application that runs on top of it. This flood relies on raw volume to accomplish the objective, exhausting any of the various resources required by the victim software to provide the service.(Citation: Cloudflare HTTPflood)\n\nAnother variation, known as a SSL renegotiation attack, takes advantage of a protocol feature in SSL/TLS. The SSL/TLS protocol suite includes mechanisms for the client and server to agree on an encryption algorithm to use for subsequent secure connections. If SSL renegotiation is enabled, a request can be made for renegotiation of the crypto algorithm. In a renegotiation attack, the adversary establishes a SSL/TLS connection and then proceeds to make a series of renegotiation requests. Because the cryptographic renegotiation has a meaningful cost in computation cycles, this can cause an impact to the availability of the service when done in volume.(Citation: Arbor SSLDoS April 2012)", "meta": { @@ -8869,23 +9030,20 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network device logs", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Web logs", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/002", @@ -8913,11 +9071,13 @@ "external_id": "T1556.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -8945,8 +9105,9 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -8976,8 +9137,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9008,8 +9169,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9020,7 +9181,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557/002", "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc826", "https://pen-testing.sans.org/resources/papers/gcih/real-world-arp-spoofing-105411", - "https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" + "https://web.archive.org/web/20200302085133/https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" ] }, "related": [ @@ -9040,9 +9201,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9076,11 +9237,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DNS records", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network device logs", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9118,14 +9276,11 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "GCP audit logs" + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Modification", + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Disable" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "GCP", - "Azure", - "AWS" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/008", @@ -9152,15 +9307,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Instance: Instance Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002", @@ -9180,7 +9330,7 @@ "value": "Create Cloud Instance - T1578.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.\n\nPrior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations.", + "description": "Adversaries may create self-signed code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.\n\nPrior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may develop self-signed code signing certificates for use in operations.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1587.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9204,7 +9354,7 @@ "value": "Code Signing Certificates - T1587.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services. Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.\n\nAdversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim’s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", + "description": "Adversaries may purchase technical information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available for purchase within reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of scan databases or other data aggregation services. Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.\n\nAdversaries may purchase information about their already identified targets, or use purchased data to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Threat actors may gather various technical details from purchased data, including but not limited to employee contact information, credentials, or specifics regarding a victim’s infrastructure.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1597.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9228,7 +9378,7 @@ "value": "Purchase Technical Data - T1597.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure.\n\nAcquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers. Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease)", + "description": "Adversaries may rent Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. By utilizing a VPS, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them. The use of cloud infrastructure can also make it easier for adversaries to rapidly provision, modify, and shut down their infrastructure.\n\nAcquiring a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers. Adversaries may also acquire infrastructure from VPS service providers that are known for renting VPSs with minimal registration information, allowing for more anonymous acquisitions of infrastructure.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9259,8 +9409,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Digital certificate logs" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9289,7 +9441,7 @@ "value": "Install Root Certificate - T1553.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities. By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party.", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise third-party Virtual Private Servers (VPSs) that can be used during targeting. There exist a variety of cloud service providers that will sell virtual machines/containers as a service. Adversaries may compromise VPSs purchased by third-party entities. By compromising a VPS to use as infrastructure, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to themselves.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)\n\nCompromising a VPS for use in later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as Command and Control, can allow adversaries to benefit from the ubiquity and trust associated with higher reputation cloud service providers as well as that added by the compromised third-party.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9313,7 +9465,7 @@ "value": "Virtual Private Server - T1584.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time.\n\nAdversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)). Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny. ", + "description": "Adversaries may employ various time-based methods to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include enumerating time-based properties, such as uptime or the system clock, as well as the use of timers or other triggers to avoid a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox, specifically those that are automated or only operate for a limited amount of time.\n\nAdversaries may employ various time-based evasions, such as delaying malware functionality upon initial execution using programmatic sleep commands or native system scheduling functionality (ex: [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053)). Delays may also be based on waiting for specific victim conditions to be met (ex: system time, events, etc.) or employ scheduled [Multi-Stage Channels](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1104) to avoid analysis and scrutiny.\n\nAdversaries may also use time as a metric to detect sandboxes and analysis environments, particularly those that attempt to manipulate time mechanisms to simulate longer elapses of time. For example, an adversary may be able to identify a sandbox accelerating time by sampling and calculating the expected value for an environment's timestamp before and after execution of a sleep function.(Citation: ISACA Malware Tricks)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1497.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9321,8 +9473,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9330,7 +9483,8 @@ "Windows" ], "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497/003" + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497/003", + "https://www.isaca.org/resources/isaca-journal/issues/2017/volume-6/evasive-malware-tricks-how-malware-evades-detection-by-sandboxes" ] }, "related": [ @@ -9350,23 +9504,20 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device logs", - "Network device logs", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Web logs", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/003", @@ -9389,11 +9540,12 @@ "external_id": "T1556.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9425,8 +9577,11 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9456,9 +9611,9 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Anti-virus", - "Web proxy" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9487,15 +9642,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Instance: Instance Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/003", @@ -9515,7 +9665,7 @@ "value": "Delete Cloud Instance - T1578.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.\n\nPrior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.", + "description": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal code signing certificates that can be used during targeting. Code signing is the process of digitally signing executables and scripts to confirm the software author and guarantee that the code has not been altered or corrupted. Code signing provides a level of authenticity for a program from the developer and a guarantee that the program has not been tampered with.(Citation: Wikipedia Code Signing) Users and/or security tools may trust a signed piece of code more than an unsigned piece of code even if they don't know who issued the certificate or who the author is.\n\nPrior to [Code Signing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/002), adversaries may purchase or steal code signing certificates for use in operations. The purchase of code signing certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal code signing materials directly from a compromised third-party.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -9546,9 +9696,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "API monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9584,9 +9735,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9607,16 +9758,52 @@ "uuid": "6836813e-8ec8-4375-b459-abb388cb1a35", "value": "Winlogon Helper DLL - T1547.004" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may acquire credentials from the Windows Credential Manager. The Credential Manager stores credentials for signing into websites, applications, and/or devices that request authentication through NTLM or Kerberos in Credential Lockers (previously known as Windows Vaults).(Citation: Microsoft Credential Manager store)(Citation: Microsoft Credential Locker)\n\nThe Windows Credential Manager separates website credentials from application or network credentials in two lockers. As part of [Credentials from Web Browsers](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/003), Internet Explorer and Microsoft Edge website credentials are managed by the Credential Manager and are stored in the Web Credentials locker. Application and network credentials are stored in the Windows Credentials locker.\n\nCredential Lockers store credentials in encrypted .vcrd files, located under %Systemdrive%\\Users\\\\[Username]\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\\\[Vault/Credentials]\\. The encryption key can be found in a file named Policy.vpol, typically located in the same folder as the credentials.(Citation: passcape Windows Vault)(Citation: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)\n\nAdversaries may list credentials managed by the Windows Credential Manager through several mechanisms. vaultcmd.exe is a native Windows executable that can be used to enumerate credentials stored in the Credential Locker through a command-line interface. Adversaries may gather credentials by reading files located inside of the Credential Lockers. Adversaries may also abuse Windows APIs such as CredEnumerateA to list credentials managed by the Credential Manager.(Citation: Microsoft CredEnumerate)(Citation: Delpy Mimikatz Crendential Manager)\n\nAdversaries may use password recovery tools to obtain plain text passwords from the Credential Manager.(Citation: Malwarebytes The Windows Vault)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1555.004", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Access" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/004", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/hh994565(v=ws.11)#credential-manager-store", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-8.1-and-8/jj554668(v=ws.11)?redirectedfrom=MSDN", + "https://www.passcape.com/windows_password_recovery_vault_explorer", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/101/2016/01/the-windows-vaults/ ", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/wincred/nf-wincred-credenumeratea", + "https://github.com/gentilkiwi/mimikatz/wiki/howto-~-credential-manager-saved-credentials" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "value": "Windows Credential Manager - T1555.004" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may use [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) to hard code a password in the operating system, thus bypassing of native authentication mechanisms for local accounts on network devices.\n\n[Modify System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601) may include implanted code to the operating system for network devices to provide access for adversaries using a specific password. The modification includes a specific password which is implanted in the operating system image via the patch. Upon authentication attempts, the inserted code will first check to see if the user input is the password. If so, access is granted. Otherwise, the implanted code will pass the credentials on for verification of potentially valid credentials.(Citation: FireEye - Synful Knock)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1556.004", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -9645,8 +9832,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Modification", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9679,9 +9867,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Loaded DLLs" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9709,12 +9897,11 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Host network interface", - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9745,10 +9932,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "DLL monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -9769,6 +9956,52 @@ "uuid": "f63fe421-b1d1-45c0-b8a7-02cd16ff2bed", "value": "Netsh Helper DLL - T1546.007" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking environment variables the dynamic linker uses to load shared libraries. During the execution preparation phase of a program, the dynamic linker loads specified absolute paths of shared libraries from environment variables and files, such as LD_PRELOAD on Linux or DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES on macOS. Libraries specified in environment variables are loaded first, taking precedence over system libraries with the same function name.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)(Citation: Apple Doco Archive Dynamic Libraries) These variables are often used by developers to debug binaries without needing to recompile, deconflict mapped symbols, and implement custom functions without changing the original library.(Citation: Baeldung LD_PRELOAD)\n\nOn Linux and macOS, hijacking dynamic linker variables may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. Adversaries can set environment variables via the command line using the export command, setenv function, or putenv function. Adversaries can also leverage [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) to export variables in a shell or set variables programmatically using higher level syntax such Python’s os.environ.\n\nOn Linux, adversaries may set LD_PRELOAD to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program. LD_PRELOAD can be set via the environment variable or /etc/ld.so.preload file.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by LD_PRELOAD are loaded and mapped into memory by dlopen() and mmap() respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS)(Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)(Citation: Brown Exploiting Linkers) \n\nOn macOS this behavior is conceptually the same as on Linux, differing only in how the macOS dynamic libraries (dyld) is implemented at a lower level. Adversaries can set the DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES environment variable to point to malicious libraries containing names of legitimate libraries or functions requested by a victim program.(Citation: TheEvilBit DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Timac DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES)(Citation: Gabilondo DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES Catalina Bypass) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "CAPEC-640", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:persistence", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation", + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006", + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/13.html", + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/640.html", + "https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/ld.so.8.html", + "https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Program-Library-HOWTO/shared-libraries.html", + "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/DynamicLibraries/100-Articles/OverviewOfDynamicLibraries.html", + "https://www.baeldung.com/linux/ld_preload-trick-what-is", + "https://www.datawire.io/code-injection-on-linux-and-macos/", + "http://hick.org/code/skape/papers/needle.txt", + "http://phrack.org/issues/51/8.html", + "http://www.nth-dimension.org.uk/pub/BTL.pdf", + "https://theevilbit.github.io/posts/dyld_insert_libraries_dylib_injection_in_macos_osx_deep_dive/", + "https://blog.timac.org/2012/1218-simple-code-injection-using-dyld_insert_libraries/", + "https://jon-gabilondo-angulo-7635.medium.com/how-to-inject-code-into-mach-o-apps-part-ii-ddb13ebc8191" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "aedfca76-3b30-4866-b2aa-0f1d7fd1e4b6", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", + "value": "Dynamic Linker Hijacking - T1574.006" + }, { "description": "An adversary may revert changes made to a cloud instance after they have performed malicious activities in attempt to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence. In highly virtualized environments, such as cloud-based infrastructure, this may be accomplished by restoring virtual machine (VM) or data storage snapshots through the cloud management dashboard or cloud APIs.\n\nAnother variation of this technique is to utilize temporary storage attached to the compute instance. Most cloud providers provide various types of storage including persistent, local, and/or ephemeral, with the ephemeral types often reset upon stop/restart of the VM.(Citation: Tech Republic - Restore AWS Snapshots)(Citation: Google - Restore Cloud Snapshot)", "meta": { @@ -9777,15 +10010,12 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "GCP audit logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Instance: Instance Modification", + "Instance: Instance Start", + "Instance: Instance Stop" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004", @@ -9802,6 +10032,38 @@ "uuid": "0708ae90-d0eb-4938-9a76-d0fc94f6eec1", "value": "Revert Cloud Instance - T1578.004" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may modify XDG autostart entries to execute programs or commands during system boot. Linux desktop environments that are XDG compliant implement functionality for XDG autostart entries. These entries will allow an application to automatically start during the startup of a desktop environment after user logon. By default, XDG autostart entries are stored within the /etc/xdg/autostart or ~/.config/autostart directories and have a .desktop file extension.(Citation: Free Desktop Application Autostart Feb 2006)\n\nWithin an XDG autostart entry file, the Type key specifies if the entry is an application (type 1), link (type 2) or directory (type 3). The Name key indicates an arbitrary name assigned by the creator and the Exec key indicates the application and command line arguments to execute.(Citation: Free Desktop Entry Keys)\n\nAdversaries may use XDG autostart entries to maintain persistence by executing malicious commands and payloads, such as remote access tools, during the startup of a desktop environment. Commands included in XDG autostart entries with execute after user logon in the context of the currently logged on user. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make XDG autostart entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1547.013", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:persistence", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/013", + "https://specifications.freedesktop.org/autostart-spec/autostart-spec-latest.html", + "https://specifications.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/1.2/ar01s06.html" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1ecb2399-e8ba-4f6b-8ba7-5c27d49405cf", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "e0232cb0-ded5-4c2e-9dc7-2893142a5c11", + "value": "XDG Autostart Entries - T1547.013" + }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1280).\n\nUnderstanding an organizations business processes and tempo may allow an adversary to more effectively craft social engineering attempts or to better hide technical actions, such as those that generate network traffic. (Citation: Scasny2015) (Citation: Infosec-osint)", "meta": { @@ -9824,9 +10086,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -9949,25 +10210,20 @@ "value": "Mine technical blogs/forums - T1257" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may create cloud instances in unused geographic service regions in order to evade detection. Access is usually obtained through compromising accounts used to manage cloud infrastructure.\n\nCloud service providers often provide infrastructure throughout the world in order to improve performance, provide redundancy, and allow customers to meet compliance requirements. Oftentimes, a customer will only use a subset of the available regions and may not actively monitor other regions. If an adversary creates resources in an unused region, they may be able to operate undetected.\n\nA variation on this behavior takes advantage of differences in functionality across cloud regions. An adversary could utilize regions which do not support advanced detection services in order to avoid detection of their activity. For example, AWS GuardDuty is not supported in every region.(Citation: AWS Region Service Table)\n\nAn example of adversary use of unused AWS regions is to mine cryptocurrency through [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496), which can cost organizations substantial amounts of money over time depending on the processing power used.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions)", + "description": "Adversaries may create cloud instances in unused geographic service regions in order to evade detection. Access is usually obtained through compromising accounts used to manage cloud infrastructure.\n\nCloud service providers often provide infrastructure throughout the world in order to improve performance, provide redundancy, and allow customers to meet compliance requirements. Oftentimes, a customer will only use a subset of the available regions and may not actively monitor other regions. If an adversary creates resources in an unused region, they may be able to operate undetected.\n\nA variation on this behavior takes advantage of differences in functionality across cloud regions. An adversary could utilize regions which do not support advanced detection services in order to avoid detection of their activity.\n\nAn example of adversary use of unused AWS regions is to mine cryptocurrency through [Resource Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496), which can cost organizations substantial amounts of money over time depending on the processing power used.(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1535", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Instance: Instance Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1535", - "https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/global-infrastructure/regional-product-services/", "https://blog.cloudsploit.com/the-danger-of-unused-aws-regions-af0bf1b878fc" ] }, @@ -9975,7 +10231,7 @@ "value": "Unused/Unsupported Cloud Regions - T1535" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking)\n\nAdversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search freely available websites and/or domains for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available in various online sites, such as social media, new sites, or those hosting information about business operations such as hiring or requested/rewarded contracts.(Citation: Cyware Social Media)(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking)\n\nAdversaries may search in different online sites depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1593", "kill_chain": [ @@ -10019,9 +10275,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -10042,10 +10298,15 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: Process Access", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Access", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -10144,7 +10405,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Drive: Drive Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10166,8 +10428,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10188,8 +10450,10 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Network Share: Network Share Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10233,10 +10497,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -10258,8 +10521,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -10341,6 +10604,25 @@ "uuid": "62dfd1ca-52d5-483c-a84b-d6e80bf94b7b", "value": "Modify Existing Service - T1031" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may request device administrator permissions to perform malicious actions.\n\nBy abusing the device administration API, adversaries can perform several nefarious actions, such as resetting the device’s password for [Device Lockout](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1446), factory resetting the device to [Delete Device Data](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1447) and any traces of the malware, disabling all of the device’s cameras, or make it more difficult to uninstall the app.(Citation: Android DeviceAdminInfo)\n\nDevice administrators must be approved by the user at runtime, with a system popup showing which of the actions have been requested by the app. In conjunction with other techniques, such as [Input Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1516), an app can programmatically grant itself administrator permissions without any user input.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "APP-22", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-mobile-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1401", + "https://pages.nist.gov/mobile-threat-catalogue/application-threats/APP-22.html", + "https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/admin/DeviceAdminInfo" + ] + }, + "uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", + "value": "Device Administrator Permissions - T1401" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment. Files may be copied from an external adversary controlled system through the command and control channel to bring tools into the victim network or through alternate protocols with another tool such as FTP. Files can also be copied over on Mac and Linux with native tools like scp, rsync, and sftp.", "meta": { @@ -10349,13 +10631,10 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -10377,12 +10656,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Binary file metadata" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -10404,9 +10677,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device run-time memory", - "Network device configuration", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -10449,12 +10720,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DNS records", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -10501,10 +10768,10 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -10513,7 +10780,8 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/292.html" + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/292.html", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql" ] }, "uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", @@ -10527,10 +10795,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10546,17 +10812,15 @@ "value": "Indirect Command Execution - T1202" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may bypass application control and obscure execution of code by embedding scripts inside XSL files. Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. To support complex operations, the XSL standard includes support for embedded scripting in various languages. (Citation: Microsoft XSLT Script Mar 2017)\n\nAdversaries may abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application control. Similar to [Trusted Developer Utilities Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127), the Microsoft common line transformation utility binary (msxsl.exe) (Citation: Microsoft msxsl.exe) can be installed and used to execute malicious JavaScript embedded within local or remote (URL referenced) XSL files. (Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017) Since msxsl.exe is not installed by default, an adversary will likely need to package it with dropped files. (Citation: Reaqta MSXSL Spearphishing MAR 2018) Msxsl.exe takes two main arguments, an XML source file and an XSL stylesheet. Since the XSL file is valid XML, the adversary may call the same XSL file twice. When using msxsl.exe adversaries may also give the XML/XSL files an arbitrary file extension.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017)(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\n* msxsl.exe customers[.]xml script[.]xsl\n* msxsl.exe script[.]xsl script[.]xsl\n* msxsl.exe script[.]jpeg script[.]jpeg\n\nAnother variation of this technique, dubbed “Squiblytwo”, involves using [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) to invoke JScript or VBScript within an XSL file.(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic) This technique can also execute local/remote scripts and, similar to its [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1117)/ \"Squiblydoo\" counterpart, leverages a trusted, built-in Windows tool. Adversaries may abuse any alias in [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) provided they utilize the /FORMAT switch.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic)\n\n* Local File: wmic process list /FORMAT:evil[.]xsl\n* Remote File: wmic os get /FORMAT:”https[:]//example[.]com/evil[.]xsl”", + "description": "Adversaries may bypass application control and obscure execution of code by embedding scripts inside XSL files. Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) files are commonly used to describe the processing and rendering of data within XML files. To support complex operations, the XSL standard includes support for embedded scripting in various languages. (Citation: Microsoft XSLT Script Mar 2017)\n\nAdversaries may abuse this functionality to execute arbitrary files while potentially bypassing application control. Similar to [Trusted Developer Utilities Proxy Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127), the Microsoft common line transformation utility binary (msxsl.exe) (Citation: Microsoft msxsl.exe) can be installed and used to execute malicious JavaScript embedded within local or remote (URL referenced) XSL files. (Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017) Since msxsl.exe is not installed by default, an adversary will likely need to package it with dropped files. (Citation: Reaqta MSXSL Spearphishing MAR 2018) Msxsl.exe takes two main arguments, an XML source file and an XSL stylesheet. Since the XSL file is valid XML, the adversary may call the same XSL file twice. When using msxsl.exe adversaries may also give the XML/XSL files an arbitrary file extension.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: Penetration Testing Lab MSXSL July 2017)(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\n* msxsl.exe customers[.]xml script[.]xsl\n* msxsl.exe script[.]xsl script[.]xsl\n* msxsl.exe script[.]jpeg script[.]jpeg\n\nAnother variation of this technique, dubbed “Squiblytwo”, involves using [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) to invoke JScript or VBScript within an XSL file.(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic) This technique can also execute local/remote scripts and, similar to its [Regsvr32](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/010)/ \"Squiblydoo\" counterpart, leverages a trusted, built-in Windows tool. Adversaries may abuse any alias in [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047) provided they utilize the /FORMAT switch.(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)\n\nCommand-line examples:(Citation: XSL Bypass Mar 2019)(Citation: LOLBAS Wmic)\n\n* Local File: wmic process list /FORMAT:evil[.]xsl\n* Remote File: wmic os get /FORMAT:”https[:]//example[.]com/evil[.]xsl”", "meta": { "external_id": "T1220", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process use of network", - "DLL monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10684,17 +10948,17 @@ "value": "Parent PID Spoofing - T1502" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may register a rogue Domain Controller to enable manipulation of Active Directory data. DCShadow may be used to create a rogue Domain Controller (DC). DCShadow is a method of manipulating Active Directory (AD) data, including objects and schemas, by registering (or reusing an inactive registration) and simulating the behavior of a DC. (Citation: DCShadow Blog) Once registered, a rogue DC may be able to inject and replicate changes into AD infrastructure for any domain object, including credentials and keys.\n\nRegistering a rogue DC involves creating a new server and nTDSDSA objects in the Configuration partition of the AD schema, which requires Administrator privileges (either Domain or local to the DC) or the KRBTGT hash. (Citation: Adsecurity Mimikatz Guide)\n\nThis technique may bypass system logging and security monitors such as security information and event management (SIEM) products (since actions taken on a rogue DC may not be reported to these sensors). (Citation: DCShadow Blog) The technique may also be used to alter and delete replication and other associated metadata to obstruct forensic analysis. Adversaries may also utilize this technique to perform [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1178) and/or manipulate AD objects (such as accounts, access control lists, schemas) to establish backdoors for Persistence. (Citation: DCShadow Blog)", + "description": "Adversaries may register a rogue Domain Controller to enable manipulation of Active Directory data. DCShadow may be used to create a rogue Domain Controller (DC). DCShadow is a method of manipulating Active Directory (AD) data, including objects and schemas, by registering (or reusing an inactive registration) and simulating the behavior of a DC. (Citation: DCShadow Blog) Once registered, a rogue DC may be able to inject and replicate changes into AD infrastructure for any domain object, including credentials and keys.\n\nRegistering a rogue DC involves creating a new server and nTDSDSA objects in the Configuration partition of the AD schema, which requires Administrator privileges (either Domain or local to the DC) or the KRBTGT hash. (Citation: Adsecurity Mimikatz Guide)\n\nThis technique may bypass system logging and security monitors such as security information and event management (SIEM) products (since actions taken on a rogue DC may not be reported to these sensors). (Citation: DCShadow Blog) The technique may also be used to alter and delete replication and other associated metadata to obstruct forensic analysis. Adversaries may also utilize this technique to perform [SID-History Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1134/005) and/or manipulate AD objects (such as accounts, access control lists, schemas) to establish backdoors for Persistence. (Citation: DCShadow Blog)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1207", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "User Account: User Account Authentication" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10712,7 +10976,7 @@ "value": "Rogue Domain Controller - T1207" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may gain access to and use third-party software suites installed within an enterprise network, such as administration, monitoring, and deployment systems, to move laterally through the network. Third-party applications and software deployment systems may be in use in the network environment for administration purposes (e.g., SCCM, VNC, HBSS, Altiris, etc.).\n\nAccess to a third-party network-wide or enterprise-wide software system may enable an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system. The access may be used to laterally move to other systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints.\n\nThe permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the third-party system, or specific domain credentials may be required. However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform it's intended purpose.", + "description": "Adversaries may gain access to and use third-party software suites installed within an enterprise network, such as administration, monitoring, and deployment systems, to move laterally through the network. Third-party applications and software deployment systems may be in use in the network environment for administration purposes (e.g., SCCM, HBSS, Altiris, etc.).\n\nAccess to a third-party network-wide or enterprise-wide software system may enable an adversary to have remote code execution on all systems that are connected to such a system. The access may be used to laterally move to other systems, gather information, or cause a specific effect, such as wiping the hard drives on all endpoints.\n\nThe permissions required for this action vary by system configuration; local credentials may be sufficient with direct access to the third-party system, or specific domain credentials may be required. However, the system may require an administrative account to log in or to perform it's intended purpose.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-187", "kill_chain": [ @@ -10720,13 +10984,8 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "File monitoring", - "Third-party application logs", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Binary file metadata" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -10749,19 +11008,16 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Instance: Instance Metadata", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082", @@ -10805,12 +11061,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -10922,19 +11172,16 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process use of network" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Enumeration", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", "Windows", + "IaaS", + "Linux", "macOS", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1046", @@ -10944,6 +11191,24 @@ "uuid": "e3a12395-188d-4051-9a16-ea8e14d07b88", "value": "Network Service Scanning - T1046" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may use a compromised device as a proxy server to the Internet. By utilizing a proxy, adversaries hide the true IP address of their C2 server and associated infrastructure from the destination of the network traffic. This masquerades an adversary’s traffic as legitimate traffic originating from the compromised device, which can evade IP-based restrictions and alerts on certain services, such as bank accounts and social media websites.(Citation: Threat Fabric Exobot)\n\nThe most common type of proxy is a SOCKS proxy. It can typically be implemented using standard OS-level APIs and 3rd party libraries with no indication to the user. On Android, adversaries can use the `Proxy` API to programmatically establish a SOCKS proxy connection, or lower-level APIs to interact directly with raw sockets.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1604", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-mobile-attack:defense-evasion" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1604", + "https://www.threatfabric.com/blogs/exobot_android_banking_trojan_on_the_rise.html" + ] + }, + "uuid": "5ca3c7ec-55b2-4587-9376-cf6c96f8047a", + "value": "Proxy Through Victim - T1604" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may abuse Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) to achieve execution. WMI is a Windows administration feature that provides a uniform environment for local and remote access to Windows system components. It relies on the WMI service for local and remote access and the server message block (SMB) (Citation: Wikipedia SMB) and Remote Procedure Call Service (RPCS) (Citation: TechNet RPC) for remote access. RPCS operates over port 135. (Citation: MSDN WMI)\n\nAn adversary can use WMI to interact with local and remote systems and use it as a means to perform many tactic functions, such as gathering information for Discovery and remote Execution of files as part of Lateral Movement. (Citation: FireEye WMI SANS 2015) (Citation: FireEye WMI 2015)", "meta": { @@ -10952,10 +11217,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -10980,11 +11244,11 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Services", - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -11008,10 +11272,12 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Application logs" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -11034,10 +11300,10 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -11142,13 +11408,12 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -11190,15 +11455,17 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs" + "Instance: Instance Metadata", + "Instance: Instance Enumeration", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Metadata", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Enumeration", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Metadata", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Enumeration", + "Volume: Volume Metadata", + "Volume: Volume Enumeration" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "Azure", - "GCP" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1580", @@ -11231,6 +11498,38 @@ "uuid": "948a447c-d783-4ba0-8516-a64140fcacd5", "value": "Uncommonly Used Port - T1509" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies, tokens, or other materials to authenticate and authorize user access.\n\nAdversaries may generate these credential materials in order to gain access to web resources. This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539), [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528), and other similar behaviors in that the credentials are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. The generation of web credentials often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.(Citation: GitHub AWS-ADFS-Credential-Generator)\n\nOnce forged, adversaries may use these web credentials to access resources (ex: [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1606", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "SaaS", + "Windows", + "macOS", + "Linux", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606", + "https://github.com/damianh/aws-adfs-credential-generator", + "https://wunderwuzzi23.github.io/blog/passthecookie.html", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/mac-malware-steals-cryptocurrency-exchanges-cookies/", + "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/" + ] + }, + "uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "value": "Forge Web Credentials - T1606" + }, { "description": "Remote desktop is a common feature in operating systems. It allows a user to log into an interactive session with a system desktop graphical user interface on a remote system. Microsoft refers to its implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) as Remote Desktop Services (RDS). (Citation: TechNet Remote Desktop Services) There are other implementations and third-party tools that provide graphical access [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021) similar to RDS.\n\nAdversaries may connect to a remote system over RDP/RDS to expand access if the service is enabled and allows access to accounts with known credentials. Adversaries will likely use Credential Access techniques to acquire credentials to use with RDP. Adversaries may also use RDP in conjunction with the [Accessibility Features](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1015) technique for Persistence. (Citation: Alperovitch Malware)\n\nAdversaries may also perform RDP session hijacking which involves stealing a legitimate user's remote session. Typically, a user is notified when someone else is trying to steal their session and prompted with a question. With System permissions and using Terminal Services Console, c:\\windows\\system32\\tscon.exe [session number to be stolen], an adversary can hijack a session without the need for credentials or prompts to the user. (Citation: RDP Hijacking Korznikov) This can be done remotely or locally and with active or disconnected sessions. (Citation: RDP Hijacking Medium) It can also lead to [Remote System Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1018) and Privilege Escalation by stealing a Domain Admin or higher privileged account session. All of this can be done by using native Windows commands, but it has also been added as a feature in RedSnarf. (Citation: Kali Redsnarf)", "meta": { @@ -11257,6 +11556,32 @@ "uuid": "51dea151-0898-4a45-967c-3ebee0420484", "value": "Remote Desktop Protocol - T1076" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may abuse a container administration service to execute commands within a container. A container administration service such as the Docker daemon, the Kubernetes API server, or the kubelet may allow remote management of containers within an environment.(Citation: Docker Daemon CLI)(Citation: Kubernetes API)(Citation: Kubernetes Kubelet)\n\nIn Docker, adversaries may specify an entrypoint during container deployment that executes a script or command, or they may use a command such as docker exec to execute a command within a running container.(Citation: Docker Entrypoint)(Citation: Docker Exec) In Kubernetes, if an adversary has sufficient permissions, they may gain remote execution in a container in the cluster via interaction with the Kubernetes API server, the kubelet, or by running a command such as kubectl exec.(Citation: Kubectl Exec Get Shell)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1609", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:execution" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1609", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/dockerd/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/kubernetes-api/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kubelet/", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/#entrypoint-default-command-to-execute-at-runtime", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/exec/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/debug-application-cluster/get-shell-running-container/" + ] + }, + "uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "value": "Container Administration Command - T1609" + }, { "description": "Every New Technology File System (NTFS) formatted partition contains a Master File Table (MFT) that maintains a record for every file/directory on the partition. (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) Within MFT entries are file attributes, (Citation: Microsoft NTFS File Attributes Aug 2010) such as Extended Attributes (EA) and Data [known as Alternate Data Streams (ADSs) when more than one Data attribute is present], that can be used to store arbitrary data (and even complete files). (Citation: SpectorOps Host-Based Jul 2017) (Citation: Microsoft File Streams) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015) (Citation: Microsoft ADS Mar 2014)\n\nAdversaries may store malicious data or binaries in file attribute metadata instead of directly in files. This may be done to evade some defenses, such as static indicator scanning tools and anti-virus. (Citation: Journey into IR ZeroAccess NTFS EA) (Citation: MalwareBytes ADS July 2015)", "meta": { @@ -11294,25 +11619,21 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "GCP audit logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "Office 365 account logs", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Group: Group Enumeration", + "Group: Group Metadata", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1069", @@ -11418,6 +11739,34 @@ "uuid": "e2907cea-4b43-4ed7-a570-0fdf0fbeea00", "value": "Space after Filename - T1151" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may break out of a container to gain access to the underlying host. This can allow an adversary access to other containerized resources from the host level or to the host itself. In principle, containerized resources should provide a clear separation of application functionality and be isolated from the host environment.(Citation: Docker Overview)\n\nThere are multiple ways an adversary may escape to a host environment. Examples include creating a container configured to mount the host’s filesystem using the bind parameter, which allows the adversary to drop payloads and execute control utilities such as cron on the host, and utilizing a privileged container to run commands on the underlying host.(Citation: Docker Bind Mounts)(Citation: Trend Micro Privileged Container)(Citation: Intezer Doki July 20) Gaining access to the host may provide the adversary with the opportunity to achieve follow-on objectives, such as establishing persistence, moving laterally within the environment, or setting up a command and control channel on the host.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1611", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Container: Container Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Linux", + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1611", + "https://docs.docker.com/get-started/overview/", + "https://docs.docker.com/storage/bind-mounts/", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/19/l/why-running-a-privileged-container-in-docker-is-a-bad-idea.html", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/watch-your-containers-doki-infecting-docker-servers-in-the-cloud/" + ] + }, + "uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "value": "Escape to Host - T1611" + }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1231).\n\nStrategic plans outline the mission, vision, and goals for an adversary at a high level in relation to the key partners, topics, and functions the adversary carries out. (Citation: KPMGChina5Year) (Citation: China5YearPlans) (Citation: ChinaUN)", "meta": { @@ -11473,16 +11822,16 @@ "value": "Credentials in Registry - T1214" }, { - "description": "An adversary may gather the system time and/or time zone from a local or remote system. The system time is set and stored by the Windows Time Service within a domain to maintain time synchronization between systems and services in an enterprise network. (Citation: MSDN System Time) (Citation: Technet Windows Time Service)\n\nSystem time information may be gathered in a number of ways, such as with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) on Windows by performing net time \\\\hostname to gather the system time on a remote system. The victim's time zone may also be inferred from the current system time or gathered by using w32tm /tz. (Citation: Technet Windows Time Service) The information could be useful for performing other techniques, such as executing a file with a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) (Citation: RSA EU12 They're Inside), or to discover locality information based on time zone to assist in victim targeting.", + "description": "An adversary may gather the system time and/or time zone from a local or remote system. The system time is set and stored by the Windows Time Service within a domain to maintain time synchronization between systems and services in an enterprise network. (Citation: MSDN System Time) (Citation: Technet Windows Time Service)\n\nSystem time information may be gathered in a number of ways, such as with [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) on Windows by performing net time \\\\hostname to gather the system time on a remote system. The victim's time zone may also be inferred from the current system time or gathered by using w32tm /tz. (Citation: Technet Windows Time Service)\n\nThis information could be useful for performing other techniques, such as executing a file with a [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) (Citation: RSA EU12 They're Inside), or to discover locality information based on time zone to assist in victim targeting (i.e. [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614)). Adversaries may also use knowledge of system time as part of a time bomb, or delaying execution until a specified date/time.(Citation: AnyRun TimeBomb)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-295", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "API monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -11492,7 +11841,8 @@ "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/295.html", "https://msdn.microsoft.com/ms724961.aspx", "https://technet.microsoft.com/windows-server-docs/identity/ad-ds/get-started/windows-time-service/windows-time-service-tools-and-settings", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-209_rivner_schwartz.pdf" + "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-209_rivner_schwartz.pdf", + "https://any.run/cybersecurity-blog/time-bombs-malware-with-delayed-execution/" ] }, "uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", @@ -11538,10 +11888,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -11586,10 +11935,10 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -11607,7 +11956,7 @@ "value": "Remote Access Software - T1219" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network. Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms allow users to connect to internal enterprise network resources from external locations. There are often remote service gateways that manage connections and credential authentication for these services. Services such as [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) can also be used externally.\n\nAccess to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use the service is often a requirement, which could be obtained through credential pharming or by obtaining the credentials from users after compromising the enterprise network.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging) Access to remote services may be used as a redundant or persistent access mechanism during an operation.", + "description": "Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network. Remote services such as VPNs, Citrix, and other access mechanisms allow users to connect to internal enterprise network resources from external locations. There are often remote service gateways that manage connections and credential authentication for these services. Services such as [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006) can also be used externally.\n\nAccess to [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) to use the service is often a requirement, which could be obtained through credential pharming or by obtaining the credentials from users after compromising the enterprise network.(Citation: Volexity Virtual Private Keylogging) Access to remote services may be used as a redundant or persistent access mechanism during an operation.\n\nAccess may also be gained through an exposed service that doesn’t require authentication. In containerized environments, this may include an exposed Docker API, Kubernetes API server, kubelet, or web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard.(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker Server)(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-555", "kill_chain": [ @@ -11615,16 +11964,21 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Metadata", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", - "Linux" + "Linux", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/555.html", - "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2015/10/07/virtual-private-keylogging-cisco-web-vpns-leveraged-for-access-and-persistence/" + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2015/10/07/virtual-private-keylogging-cisco-web-vpns-leveraged-for-access-and-persistence/", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/f/xorddos-kaiji-botnet-malware-variants-target-exposed-docker-servers.html", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hildegard-malware-teamtnt/" ] }, "uuid": "10d51417-ee35-4589-b1ff-b6df1c334e8d", @@ -11653,12 +12007,12 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs", - "API monitoring", - "Access tokens", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: Process Metadata", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -11685,9 +12039,9 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "User Account: User Account Deletion", + "User Account: User Account Modification", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -11704,17 +12058,16 @@ "value": "Account Access Removal - T1531" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may look for folders and drives shared on remote systems as a means of identifying sources of information to gather as a precursor for Collection and to identify potential systems of interest for Lateral Movement. Networks often contain shared network drives and folders that enable users to access file directories on various systems across a network. \n\nFile sharing over a Windows network occurs over the SMB protocol. (Citation: Wikipedia Shared Resource) (Citation: TechNet Shared Folder) [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) can be used to query a remote system for available shared drives using the net view \\\\remotesystem command. It can also be used to query shared drives on the local system using net share.", + "description": "Adversaries may look for folders and drives shared on remote systems as a means of identifying sources of information to gather as a precursor for Collection and to identify potential systems of interest for Lateral Movement. Networks often contain shared network drives and folders that enable users to access file directories on various systems across a network. \n\nFile sharing over a Windows network occurs over the SMB protocol. (Citation: Wikipedia Shared Resource) (Citation: TechNet Shared Folder) [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) can be used to query a remote system for available shared drives using the net view \\\\\\\\remotesystem command. It can also be used to query shared drives on the local system using net share.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-643", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process use of network" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -11739,11 +12092,14 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -11866,15 +12222,7 @@ "https://www.mobileiron.com/en/smartwork-blog/ios-url-scheme-hijacking-xara-attack-analysis-and-countermeasures" ] }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "77e30eee-fd48-40b4-99ec-73e97c158b58", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "revoked-by" - } - ], + "related": [], "uuid": "8f142a25-f6c3-4520-bd50-2ae3ab50ed3e", "value": "URL Scheme Hijacking - T1415" }, @@ -11898,6 +12246,38 @@ "uuid": "d3046a90-580c-4004-8208-66915bc29830", "value": "Clear Command History - T1146" }, + { + "description": "\nAdversaries may gather information in an attempt to calculate the geographical location of a victim host. Adversaries may use the information from [System Location Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors, including whether or not the adversary fully infects the target and/or attempts specific actions.\n\nAdversaries may attempt to infer the location of a system using various system checks, such as time zone, keyboard layout, and/or language settings.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)(Citation: Bleepingcomputer RAT malware 2020) Windows API functions such as GetLocaleInfoW can also be used to determine the locale of the host.(Citation: FBI Ragnar Locker 2020) In cloud environments, an instance's availability zone may also be discovered by accessing the instance metadata service from the instance.(Citation: AWS Instance Identity Documents)(Citation: Microsoft Azure Instance Metadata 2021)\n\nAdversaries may also attempt to infer the location of a victim host using IP addressing, such as via online geolocation IP-lookup services.(Citation: Securelist Trasparent Tribe 2020)(Citation: Sophos Geolocation 2016)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1614", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:discovery" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Instance: Instance Metadata", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Linux", + "macOS", + "IaaS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1614", + "https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/20413525/fbi-flash-indicators-of-compromise-ragnar-locker-ransomware-11192020-bc.pdf", + "https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2016/05/03/location-based-ransomware-threat-research/", + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/new-rat-malware-gets-commands-via-discord-has-ransomware-feature/", + "https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instance-identity-documents.html", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machines/windows/instance-metadata-service?tabs=windows", + "https://securelist.com/transparent-tribe-part-1/98127/" + ] + }, + "uuid": "c877e33f-1df6-40d6-b1e7-ce70f16f4979", + "value": "System Location Discovery - T1614" + }, { "description": "Windows password filters are password policy enforcement mechanisms for both domain and local accounts. Filters are implemented as dynamic link libraries (DLLs) containing a method to validate potential passwords against password policies. Filter DLLs can be positioned on local computers for local accounts and/or domain controllers for domain accounts.\n\nBefore registering new passwords in the Security Accounts Manager (SAM), the Local Security Authority (LSA) requests validation from each registered filter. Any potential changes cannot take effect until every registered filter acknowledges validation.\n\nAdversaries can register malicious password filters to harvest credentials from local computers and/or entire domains. To perform proper validation, filters must receive plain-text credentials from the LSA. A malicious password filter would receive these plain-text credentials every time a password request is made. (Citation: Carnal Ownage Password Filters Sept 2013)", "meta": { @@ -11954,6 +12334,27 @@ "uuid": "d3df754e-997b-4cf9-97d4-70feb3120847", "value": "Spearphishing via Service - T1194" }, + { + "description": "~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc are shell scripts that contain shell commands. These files are executed in a user's context when a new shell opens or when a user logs in so that their environment is set correctly. ~/.bash_profile is executed for login shells and ~/.bashrc is executed for interactive non-login shells. This means that when a user logs in (via username and password) to the console (either locally or remotely via something like SSH), the ~/.bash_profile script is executed before the initial command prompt is returned to the user. After that, every time a new shell is opened, the ~/.bashrc script is executed. This allows users more fine-grained control over when they want certain commands executed. These shell scripts are meant to be written to by the local user to configure their own environment. \n\nThe macOS Terminal.app is a little different in that it runs a login shell by default each time a new terminal window is opened, thus calling ~/.bash_profile each time instead of ~/.bashrc.\n\nAdversaries may abuse these shell scripts by inserting arbitrary shell commands that may be used to execute other binaries to gain persistence. Every time the user logs in or opens a new shell, the modified ~/.bash_profile and/or ~/.bashrc scripts will be executed.(Citation: amnesia malware).", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1156", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1156", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/kaiji-new-chinese-linux-malware-turning-to-golang/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b63a34e8-0a61-4c97-a23b-bf8a2ed812e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "revoked-by" + } + ], + "uuid": "01df3350-ce05-4bdf-bdf8-0a919a66d4a8", + "value": "Malicious Shell Modification - T1156" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt by a final consumer for the purpose of data or system compromise.\n\nSupply chain compromise can take place at any stage of the supply chain including:\n\n* Manipulation of development tools\n* Manipulation of a development environment\n* Manipulation of source code repositories (public or private)\n* Manipulation of source code in open-source dependencies\n* Manipulation of software update/distribution mechanisms\n* Compromised/infected system images (multiple cases of removable media infected at the factory) (Citation: IBM Storwize) (Citation: Schneider Electric USB Malware) \n* Replacement of legitimate software with modified versions\n* Sales of modified/counterfeit products to legitimate distributors\n* Shipment interdiction\n\nWhile supply chain compromise can impact any component of hardware or software, attackers looking to gain execution have often focused on malicious additions to legitimate software in software distribution or update channels. (Citation: Avast CCleaner3 2018) (Citation: Microsoft Dofoil 2018) (Citation: Command Five SK 2011) Targeting may be specific to a desired victim set (Citation: Symantec Elderwood Sept 2012) or malicious software may be distributed to a broad set of consumers but only move on to additional tactics on specific victims. (Citation: Avast CCleaner3 2018) (Citation: Command Five SK 2011) Popular open source projects that are used as dependencies in many applications may also be targeted as a means to add malicious code to users of the dependency. (Citation: Trendmicro NPM Compromise)", "meta": { @@ -11961,10 +12362,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Web proxy", - "File monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", @@ -11980,7 +12377,7 @@ "https://blog.avast.com/new-investigations-in-ccleaner-incident-point-to-a-possible-third-stage-that-had-keylogger-capacities", "https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/microsoftsecure/2018/03/07/behavior-monitoring-combined-with-machine-learning-spoils-a-massive-dofoil-coin-mining-campaign/", "https://www.commandfive.com/papers/C5_APT_SKHack.pdf", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/dk/security/news/cybercrime-and-digital-threats/hacker-infects-node-js-package-to-steal-from-bitcoin-wallets" ] }, @@ -12020,7 +12417,6 @@ "https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/ScheduledJobs.html", "http://www.thesafemac.com/new-signed-malware-called-janicab/", "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", "https://blog.avast.com/2015/01/06/linux-ddos-trojan-hiding-itself-with-an-embedded-rootkit/" ] }, @@ -12470,10 +12866,10 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "API monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -12562,30 +12958,28 @@ "value": "Stored Data Manipulation - T1492" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may implant cloud container images with malicious code to establish persistence. Amazon Web Service (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMI), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be implanted or backdoored. Depending on how the infrastructure is provisioned, this could provide persistent access if the infrastructure provisioning tool is instructed to always use the latest image.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)\n\nA tool has been developed to facilitate planting backdoors in cloud container images.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Backdoor September 2019) If an attacker has access to a compromised AWS instance, and permissions to list the available container images, they may implant a backdoor such as a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003).(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019) Adversaries may also implant Docker images that may be inadvertently used in cloud deployments, which has been reported in some instances of cryptomining botnets.(Citation: ATT Cybersecurity Cryptocurrency Attacks on Cloud) ", + "description": "Adversaries may implant cloud or container images with malicious code to establish persistence after gaining access to an environment. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be implanted or backdoored. Unlike [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), this technique focuses on adversaries implanting an image in a registry within a victim’s environment. Depending on how the infrastructure is provisioned, this could provide persistent access if the infrastructure provisioning tool is instructed to always use the latest image.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)\n\nA tool has been developed to facilitate planting backdoors in cloud container images.(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Backdoor September 2019) If an attacker has access to a compromised AWS instance, and permissions to list the available container images, they may implant a backdoor such as a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003).(Citation: Rhino Labs Cloud Image Backdoor Technique Sept 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1525", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Asset management" + "Image: Image Creation", + "Image: Image Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "GCP", - "Azure", - "AWS" + "IaaS", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1525", "https://rhinosecuritylabs.com/aws/cloud-container-attack-tool/", - "https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/ccat", - "https://www.alienvault.com/blogs/labs-research/making-it-rain-cryptocurrency-mining-attacks-in-the-cloud" + "https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/ccat" ] }, "uuid": "4fd8a28b-4b3a-4cd6-a8cf-85ba5f824a7f", - "value": "Implant Container Image - T1525" + "value": "Implant Internal Image - T1525" }, { "description": "An adversary may attempt to enumerate the cloud services running on a system after gaining access. These methods can differ from platform-as-a-service (PaaS), to infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), or software-as-a-service (SaaS). Many services exist throughout the various cloud providers and can include Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD), Lambda Functions, Azure AD, etc. \n\nAdversaries may attempt to discover information about the services enabled throughout the environment. Azure tools and APIs, such as the Azure AD Graph API and Azure Resource Manager API, can enumerate resources and services, including applications, management groups, resources and policy definitions, and their relationships that are accessible by an identity.(Citation: Azure - Resource Manager API)(Citation: Azure AD Graph API)\n\nStormspotter is an open source tool for enumerating and constructing a graph for Azure resources and services, and Pacu is an open source AWS exploitation framework that supports several methods for discovering cloud services.(Citation: Azure - Stormspotter)(Citation: GitHub Pacu)", @@ -12595,17 +12989,15 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Metadata", + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Enumeration" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", "Azure AD", "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1526", @@ -13032,16 +13424,13 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring", - "Application logs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Windows Registry", - "Windows event logs" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -13103,17 +13492,14 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", "Azure AD", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1538", @@ -13196,7 +13582,8 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1474", "https://pages.nist.gov/mobile-threat-catalogue/application-threats/APP-6.html", - "https://www.nowsecure.com/blog/2015/06/15/a-pattern-for-remote-code-execution-using-arbitrary-file-writes-and-multidex-applications/" + "https://www.nowsecure.com/blog/2015/06/15/a-pattern-for-remote-code-execution-using-arbitrary-file-writes-and-multidex-applications/", + "https://www.csc2.ncsu.edu/faculty/xjiang4/pubs/WISEC12_ADRISK.pdf" ] }, "uuid": "0d95940f-9583-4e0f-824c-a42c1be47fad", @@ -13241,7 +13628,7 @@ "value": "Carrier Billing Fraud - T1448" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may modify Group Policy Objects (GPOs) to subvert the intended discretionary access controls for a domain, usually with the intention of escalating privileges on the domain. Group policy allows for centralized management of user and computer settings in Active Directory (AD). GPOs are containers for group policy settings made up of files stored within a predicable network path \\\\<DOMAIN>\\SYSVOL\\<DOMAIN>\\Policies\\.(Citation: TechNet Group Policy Basics)(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016) \n\nLike other objects in AD, GPOs have access controls associated with them. By default all user accounts in the domain have permission to read GPOs. It is possible to delegate GPO access control permissions, e.g. write access, to specific users or groups in the domain.\n\nMalicious GPO modifications can be used to implement many other malicious behaviors such as [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053), [Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562/001), [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105), [Create Account](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136), [Service Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1035), and more.(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions)(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: Microsoft Hacking Team Breach) Since GPOs can control so many user and machine settings in the AD environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this GPO abuse.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)\n\nFor example, publicly available scripts such as New-GPOImmediateTask can be leveraged to automate the creation of a malicious [Scheduled Task/Job](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053) by modifying GPO settings, in this case modifying <GPO_PATH>\\Machine\\Preferences\\ScheduledTasks\\ScheduledTasks.xml.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) In some cases an adversary might modify specific user rights like SeEnableDelegationPrivilege, set in <GPO_PATH>\\MACHINE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\SecEdit\\GptTmpl.inf, to achieve a subtle AD backdoor with complete control of the domain because the user account under the adversary's control would then be able to modify GPOs.(Citation: Harmj0y SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Right)\n", + "description": "Adversaries may modify the configuration settings of a domain to evade defenses and/or escalate privileges in domain environments. Domains provide a centralized means of managing how computer resources (ex: computers, user accounts) can act, and interact with each other, on a network. The policy of the domain also includes configuration settings that may apply between domains in a multi-domain/forest environment. Modifications to domain settings may include altering domain Group Policy Objects (GPOs) or changing trust settings for domains, including federation trusts.\n\nWith sufficient permissions, adversaries can modify domain policy settings. Since domain configuration settings control many of the interactions within the Active Directory (AD) environment, there are a great number of potential attacks that can stem from this abuse. Examples of such abuse include modifying GPOs to push a malicious [Scheduled Task](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/005) to computers throughout the domain environment(Citation: ADSecurity GPO Persistence 2016)(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Harmj0y Abusing GPO Permissions) or modifying domain trusts to include an adversary controlled domain where they can control access tokens that will subsequently be accepted by victim domain resources.(Citation: Microsoft - Customer Guidance on Recent Nation-State Cyber Attacks) Adversaries can also change configuration settings within the AD environment to implement a [Rogue Domain Controller](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1207).\n\nAdversaries may temporarily modify domain policy, carry out a malicious action(s), and then revert the change to remove suspicious indicators.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1484", "kill_chain": [ @@ -13249,24 +13636,30 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Creation", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Deletion", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Azure AD" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1484", - "https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/musings_of_a_technical_tam/2012/02/13/group-policy-basics-part-1-understanding-the-structure-of-a-group-policy-object/", "https://adsecurity.org/?p=2716", "https://wald0.com/?p=179", "http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/redteaming/abusing-gpo-permissions/", - "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-mtrends-2016.pdf", - "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2016/06/01/hacking-team-breach-a-cyber-jurassic-park/", - "http://www.harmj0y.net/blog/activedirectory/the-most-dangerous-user-right-you-probably-have-never-heard-of/" + "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/", + "https://github.com/Azure/Azure-Sentinel/blob/master/Detections/AuditLogs/ADFSDomainTrustMods.yaml", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/12/28/using-microsoft-365-defender-to-coordinate-protection-against-solorigate/", + "https://www.sygnia.co/golden-saml-advisory", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-008a", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/office365/troubleshoot/active-directory/update-federated-domain-office-365" ] }, "uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", - "value": "Group Policy Modification - T1484" + "value": "Domain Policy Modification - T1484" }, { "description": "Adversaries may modify systems in order to manipulate the data as it is accessed and displayed to an end user.(Citation: FireEye APT38 Oct 2018)(Citation: DOJ Lazarus Sony 2018) By manipulating runtime data, adversaries may attempt to affect a business process, organizational understanding, and decision making. \n\nAdversaries may alter application binaries used to display data in order to cause runtime manipulations. Adversaries may also conduct [Change Default File Association](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1042) and [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to cause a similar effect. The type of modification and the impact it will have depends on the target application and process as well as the goals and objectives of the adversary. For complex systems, an adversary would likely need special expertise and possibly access to specialized software related to the system that would typically be gained through a prolonged information gathering campaign in order to have the desired impact.", @@ -13319,18 +13712,14 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Windows event logs", - "System calls", - "Binary file metadata", - "Process use of network", - "WMI Objects", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "DLL monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "WMI: WMI Creation", + "File: File Metadata", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13340,7 +13729,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/wp-windows-management-instrumentation.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/04/unit42-new-iotlinux-malware-targets-dvrs-forms-botnet/" ] }, @@ -13377,12 +13766,13 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Environment variable", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13446,20 +13836,22 @@ "value": "Disk Content Wipe - T1488" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows or pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. \n\nAdversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop. ", + "description": "Adversaries may modify authentication mechanisms and processes to access user credentials or enable otherwise unwarranted access to accounts. The authentication process is handled by mechanisms, such as the Local Security Authentication Server (LSASS) process and the Security Accounts Manager (SAM) on Windows, pluggable authentication modules (PAM) on Unix-based systems, and authorization plugins on MacOS systems, responsible for gathering, storing, and validating credentials. By modifying an authentication process, an adversary may be able to authenticate to a service or system without using [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078).\n\nAdversaries may maliciously modify a part of this process to either reveal credentials or bypass authentication mechanisms. Compromised credentials or access may be used to bypass access controls placed on various resources on systems within the network and may even be used for persistent access to remote systems and externally available services, such as VPNs, Outlook Web Access and remote desktop.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1556", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "API monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -13471,6 +13863,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556", "https://clymb3r.wordpress.com/2013/09/15/intercepting-password-changes-with-function-hooking/", "https://www.secureworks.com/research/skeleton-key-malware-analysis", + "https://xorrior.com/persistent-credential-theft/", "https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn487457.aspx" ] }, @@ -13515,7 +13908,7 @@ "value": "Compromise Application Executable - T1577" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search and gather information about victims from closed sources that can be used during targeting. Information about victims may be available for purchase from reputable private sources and databases, such as paid subscriptions to feeds of technical/threat intelligence data.(Citation: D3Secutrity CTI Feeds) Adversaries may also purchase information from less-reputable sources such as dark web or cybercrime blackmarkets.(Citation: ZDNET Selling Data)\n\nAdversaries may search in different closed databases depending on what information they seek to gather. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1597", "kill_chain": [ @@ -13534,16 +13927,16 @@ "value": "Search Closed Sources - T1597" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.\n\nAll forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.\n\nAdversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Phishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", + "description": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Phishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Phishing for information is different from [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) in that the objective is gathering data from the victim rather than executing malicious code.\n\nAll forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass credential harvesting campaigns.\n\nAdversaries may also try to obtain information directly through the exchange of emails, instant messages, or other electronic conversation means.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing)(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin)(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) Phishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1598", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Social media monitoring", - "Mail server", - "Email gateway" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -13570,8 +13963,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -13593,8 +13986,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -13623,10 +14017,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows event logs" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -13649,6 +14043,37 @@ "uuid": "f3d95a1f-bba2-44ce-9af7-37866cd63fd0", "value": "At (Windows) - T1053.002" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may abuse specific file formats to subvert Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) controls. In Windows, when files are downloaded from the Internet, they are tagged with a hidden NTFS Alternate Data Stream (ADS) named Zone.Identifier with a specific value known as the MOTW.(Citation: Microsoft Zone.Identifier 2020) Files that are tagged with MOTW are protected and cannot perform certain actions. For example, starting in MS Office 10, if a MS Office file has the MOTW, it will open in Protected View. Executables tagged with the MOTW will be processed by Windows Defender SmartScreen that compares files with an allowlist of well-known executables. If the file in not known/trusted, SmartScreen will prevent the execution and warn the user not to run it.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)(Citation: Intezer Russian APT Dec 2020)\n\nAdversaries may abuse container files such as compressed/archive (.arj, .gzip) and/or disk image (.iso, .vhd) file formats to deliver malicious payloads that may not be tagged with MOTW. Container files downloaded from the Internet will be marked with MOTW but the files within may not inherit the MOTW after the container files are extracted and/or mounted. MOTW is a NTFS feature and many container files do not support NTFS alternative data streams. After a container file is extracted and/or mounted, the files contained within them may be treated as local files on disk and run without protections.(Citation: Beek Use of VHD Dec 2020)(Citation: Outflank MotW 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1553.005", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Metadata" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/005", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-fscc/6e3f7352-d11c-4d76-8c39-2516a9df36e8", + "https://medium.com/swlh/investigating-the-use-of-vhd-files-by-cybercriminals-3f1f08304316", + "https://outflank.nl/blog/2020/03/30/mark-of-the-web-from-a-red-teams-perspective/", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/russian-apt-uses-covid-19-lures-to-deliver-zebrocy/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b83e166d-13d7-4b52-8677-dff90c548fd7", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "7e7c2fba-7cca-486c-9582-4c1bb2851961", + "value": "Mark-of-the-Web Bypass - T1553.005" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may use the right-to-left override (RTLO or RLO) character (U+202E) as a means of tricking a user into executing what they think is a benign file type but is actually executable code. RTLO is a non-printing character that causes the text that follows it to be displayed in reverse.(Citation: Infosecinstitute RTLO Technique) For example, a Windows screensaver executable named March 25 \\u202Excod.scr will display as March 25 rcs.docx. A JavaScript file named photo_high_re\\u202Egnp.js will be displayed as photo_high_resj.png.\n\nA common use of this technique is with [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)/[Malicious File](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/002) since it can trick both end users and defenders if they are not aware of how their tools display and render the RTLO character. Use of the RTLO character has been seen in many targeted intrusion attempts and criminal activity.(Citation: Trend Micro PLEAD RTLO)(Citation: Kaspersky RTLO Cyber Crime) RTLO can be used in the Windows Registry as well, where regedit.exe displays the reversed characters but the command line tool reg.exe does not by default.", "meta": { @@ -13657,7 +14082,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13688,9 +14113,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13720,11 +14145,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13745,6 +14168,32 @@ "uuid": "9c99724c-a483-4d60-ad9d-7f004e42e8e8", "value": "One-Way Communication - T1102.003" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may prepare an operational environment to infect systems that visit a website over the normal course of browsing. Endpoint systems may be compromised through browsing to adversary controlled sites, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). In such cases, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation (often not requiring any extra user interaction once landing on the site), but adversaries may also set up websites for non-exploitation behavior such as [Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/001). Prior to [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), adversaries must stage resources needed to deliver that exploit to users who browse to an adversary controlled site. Drive-by content can be staged on adversary controlled infrastructure that has been acquired ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or previously compromised ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).\n\nAdversaries may upload or inject malicious web content, such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007), into websites.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015) This may be done in a number of ways, including inserting malicious script into web pages or other user controllable web content such as forum posts. Adversaries may also craft malicious web advertisements and purchase ad space on a website through legitimate ad providers. In addition to staging content to exploit a user's web browser, adversaries may also stage scripting content to profile the user's browser (as in [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592)) to ensure it is vulnerable prior to attempting exploitation.(Citation: ATT ScanBox)\n\nWebsites compromised by an adversary and used to stage a drive-by may be ones visited by a specific community, such as government, a particular industry, or region, where the goal is to compromise a specific user or set of users based on a shared interest. This kind of targeted attack is referred to a strategic web compromise or watering hole attack.\n\nAdversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608.004", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/004", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2012/12/council-foreign-relations-water-hole-attack-details.html", + "http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/08/newly-discovered-chinese-hacking-group-hacked-100-websites-to-use-as-watering-holes/", + "https://cybersecurity.att.com/blogs/labs-research/scanbox-a-reconnaissance-framework-used-on-watering-hole-attacks" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "31fe0ba2-62fd-4fd9-9293-4043d84f7fe9", + "value": "Drive-by Target - T1608.004" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may encode data with a non-standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a non-standard data encoding system that diverges from existing protocol specifications. Non-standard data encoding schemes may be based on or related to standard data encoding schemes, such as a modified Base64 encoding for the message body of an HTTP request.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) ", "meta": { @@ -13753,10 +14202,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13780,7 +14226,7 @@ "value": "Non-Standard Encoding - T1132.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account. SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens. (Citation: Microsoft SID) An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens).\n\nWith Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators. This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1028).", + "description": "Adversaries may use SID-History Injection to escalate privileges and bypass access controls. The Windows security identifier (SID) is a unique value that identifies a user or group account. SIDs are used by Windows security in both security descriptors and access tokens. (Citation: Microsoft SID) An account can hold additional SIDs in the SID-History Active Directory attribute (Citation: Microsoft SID-History Attribute), allowing inter-operable account migration between domains (e.g., all values in SID-History are included in access tokens).\n\nWith Domain Administrator (or equivalent) rights, harvested or well-known SID values (Citation: Microsoft Well Known SIDs Jun 2017) may be inserted into SID-History to enable impersonation of arbitrary users/groups such as Enterprise Administrators. This manipulation may result in elevated access to local resources and/or access to otherwise inaccessible domains via lateral movement techniques such as [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021), [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002), or [Windows Remote Management](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/006).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1134.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -13788,9 +14234,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Authentication logs", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -13815,7 +14261,7 @@ "value": "SID-History Injection - T1134.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the library manifest used to load DLLs. Adversaries may take advantage of vague references in the library manifest of a program by replacing a legitimate library with a malicious one, causing the operating system to load their malicious library when it is called for by the victim program.\n\nPrograms may specify DLLs that are loaded at runtime. Programs that improperly or vaguely specify a required DLL may be open to a vulnerability in which an unintended DLL is loaded. Side-loading vulnerabilities specifically occur when Windows Side-by-Side (WinSxS) manifests (Citation: About Side by Side Assemblies) are not explicit enough about characteristics of the DLL to be loaded. Adversaries may take advantage of a legitimate program that is vulnerable by replacing the legitimate DLL with a malicious one. (Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading)\n\nAdversaries likely use this technique as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted system or software process.", + "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by side-loading DLLs. Similar to [DLL Search Order Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/001), side-loading involves hijacking which DLL a program loads. But rather than just planting the DLL within the search order of a program then waiting for the victim application to be invoked, adversaries may directly side-load their payloads by planting then invoking a legitimate application that executes their payload(s).\n\nSide-loading takes advantage of the DLL search order used by the loader by positioning both the victim application and malicious payload(s) alongside each other. Adversaries likely use side-loading as a means of masking actions they perform under a legitimate, trusted, and potentially elevated system or software process. Benign executables used to side-load payloads may not be flagged during delivery and/or execution. Adversary payloads may also be encrypted/packed or otherwise obfuscated until loaded into the memory of the trusted process.(Citation: FireEye DLL Side-Loading)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-641", "kill_chain": [ @@ -13824,9 +14270,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -13834,7 +14281,6 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/002", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/641.html", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/sbscs/about-side-by-side-assemblies-", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-dll-sideloading.pdf" ] }, @@ -13855,8 +14301,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Authentication logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -13890,7 +14335,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -13931,11 +14377,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network device logs", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -13972,6 +14415,24 @@ "uuid": "b2001907-166b-4d71-bb3c-9d26c871de09", "value": "DLL Side-Loading - T1073" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may use built-in command-line interfaces to interact with the device and execute commands. Android provides a bash shell that can be interacted with over the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) or programmatically using Java’s `Runtime` package. On iOS, adversaries can interact with the underlying runtime shell if the device has been jailbroken.\n\nIf the device has been rooted or jailbroken, adversaries may locate and invoke a superuser binary to elevate their privileges and interact with the system as the root user. This dangerous level of permissions allows the adversary to run special commands and modify protected system files.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1605", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-mobile-attack:execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android", + "iOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1605" + ] + }, + "uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "value": "Command-Line Interface - T1605" + }, { "description": "Starting in Mac OS X 10.7 (Lion), users can specify certain applications to be re-opened when a user reboots their machine. While this is usually done via a Graphical User Interface (GUI) on an app-by-app basis, there are property list files (plist) that contain this information as well located at ~/Library/Preferences/com.apple.loginwindow.plist and ~/Library/Preferences/ByHost/com.apple.loginwindow.* .plist. \n\nAn adversary can modify one of these files directly to include a link to their malicious executable to provide a persistence mechanism each time the user reboots their machine (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).", "meta": { @@ -14001,10 +14462,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14075,12 +14535,11 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network device logs", - "Process use of network", - "Web proxy", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -14106,14 +14565,12 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "VBR", - "MBR", - "Component firmware", - "Process monitoring", - "Disk forensics", - "EFI", - "BIOS", - "API monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification", + "Driver: Driver Metadata", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Drive: Drive Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14157,9 +14614,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -14180,10 +14637,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Access tokens", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -14203,7 +14658,7 @@ "value": "Token Impersonation/Theft - T1134.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.\n\nAdversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search DNS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.\n\nAdversaries may search DNS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can query nameservers for a target organization directly, or search through centralized repositories of logged DNS query responses (known as passive DNS).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Adversaries may also seek and target DNS misconfigurations/leaks that reveal information about internal networks. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -14235,10 +14690,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14267,9 +14719,8 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -14300,9 +14751,10 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: Process Access", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -14332,10 +14784,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14364,11 +14813,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14398,11 +14845,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14432,9 +14877,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -14444,7 +14888,7 @@ "https://www.passcape.com/index.php?section=docsys&cmd=details&id=23", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/identity/securing-privileged-access/securing-privileged-access-reference-material?redirectedfrom=MSDN", "https://www.first.org/resources/papers/conf2017/Windows-Credentials-Attacks-and-Mitigation-Techniques.pdf", - "ttps://ired.team/offensive-security/credential-access-and-credential-dumping/dumping-lsa-secrets", + "https://ired.team/offensive-security/credential-access-and-credential-dumping/dumping-lsa-secrets", "https://github.com/mattifestation/PowerSploit" ] }, @@ -14465,7 +14909,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -14492,9 +14937,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata", - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Deletion", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14523,8 +14967,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14554,24 +14997,24 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Office 365 account logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "Office 365", - "GCP", - "Azure AD", - "AWS", - "Azure", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/49.html", - "https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20200302085133/https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf", "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA18-086A" ] }, @@ -14592,8 +15035,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Office 365 account logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14625,19 +15068,19 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Office 365 account logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/003", @@ -14664,19 +15107,19 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Office 365 account logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/004", @@ -14701,11 +15144,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14734,11 +15174,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14767,9 +15205,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Anti-virus", - "Process monitoring", - "Web proxy" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14799,8 +15237,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14830,10 +15268,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "File monitoring", - "Malware reverse engineering" + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14866,11 +15302,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14899,7 +15332,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14912,7 +15346,7 @@ "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/20134940/kaspersky-lab-gauss.pdf", "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/home-routers-under-attack-malvertising-windows-android-devices", "https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2721/3d206bc3c1e8c229fb4820b6af09e7f975da.pdf", - "https://www.nccgroup.trust/uk/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blogs/2017/august/smuggling-hta-files-in-internet-exploreredge/", + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2017/08/08/smuggling-hta-files-in-internet-explorer-edge/", "https://github.com/Genetic-Malware/Ebowla/blob/master/Eko_2016_Morrow_Pitts_Master.pdf", "https://github.com/nccgroup/demiguise/blob/master/examples/virginkey.js" ] @@ -14927,7 +15361,7 @@ "value": "Environmental Keying - T1480.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network domain(s) that can be used during targeting. Information about domains and their properties may include a variety of details, including what domain(s) the victim owns as well as administrative data (ex: name, registrar, etc.) and more directly actionable information such as contacts (email addresses and phone numbers), business addresses, and name servers.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about victim domains and their properties may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [WHOIS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/002)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -14952,6 +15386,64 @@ "uuid": "e3b168bd-fcd7-439e-9382-2e6c2f63514d", "value": "Domain Properties - T1590.001" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may forge web cookies that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services. Web applications and services (hosted in cloud SaaS environments or on-premise servers) often use session cookies to authenticate and authorize user access.\n\nAdversaries may generate these cookies in order to gain access to web resources. This differs from [Steal Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1539) and other similar behaviors in that the cookies are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users. Most common web applications have standardized and documented cookie values that can be generated using provided tools or interfaces.(Citation: Pass The Cookie) The generation of web cookies often requires secret values, such as passwords, [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004), or other cryptographic seed values.\n\nOnce forged, adversaries may use these web cookies to access resources ([Web Session Cookie](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550/004)), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)(Citation: Pass The Cookie)(Citation: Unit 42 Mac Crypto Cookies January 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1606.001", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "macOS", + "Windows", + "SaaS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/001", + "https://wunderwuzzi23.github.io/blog/passthecookie.html", + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2020/12/14/dark-halo-leverages-solarwinds-compromise-to-breach-organizations/", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/mac-malware-steals-cryptocurrency-exchanges-cookies/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "861b8fd2-57f3-4ee1-ab5d-c19c3b8c7a4a", + "value": "Web Cookies - T1606.001" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may upload malware to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, and a variety of other malicious content. Adversaries may upload malware to support their operations, such as making a payload available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.\n\nMalware may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). Malware can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)\n\nAdversaries may upload backdoored files, such as application binaries, virtual machine images, or container images, to third-party software stores or repositories (ex: GitHub, CNET, AWS Community AMIs, Docker Hub). By chance encounter, victims may directly download/install these backdoored files via [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) may increase the chance of users mistakenly executing these files.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608.001", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001", + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2020/11/06/oceanlotus-extending-cyber-espionage-operations-through-fake-websites/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "3ee16395-03f0-4690-a32e-69ce9ada0f9e", + "value": "Upload Malware - T1608.001" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may attempt to find local system groups and permission settings. The knowledge of local system permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as the users found within the local administrators group.\n\nCommands such as net localgroup of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, dscl . -list /Groups on macOS, and groups on Linux can list local groups.", "meta": { @@ -14960,9 +15452,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -14983,7 +15474,7 @@ "value": "Local Groups - T1069.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems or default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module)", + "description": "Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion. Default accounts are those that are built-into an OS, such as the Guest or Administrator accounts on Windows systems. Default accounts also include default factory/provider set accounts on other types of systems, software, or devices, including the root user account in AWS and the default service account in Kubernetes.(Citation: Microsoft Local Accounts Feb 2019)(Citation: AWS Root User)(Citation: Threat Matrix for Kubernetes)\n\nDefault accounts are not limited to client machines, rather also include accounts that are preset for equipment such as network devices and computer applications whether they are internal, open source, or commercial. Appliances that come preset with a username and password combination pose a serious threat to organizations that do not change it post installation, as they are easy targets for an adversary. Similarly, adversaries may also utilize publicly disclosed or stolen [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) or credential materials to legitimately connect to remote environments via [Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021).(Citation: Metasploit SSH Module)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-70", "kill_chain": [ @@ -14993,26 +15484,26 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Process monitoring" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/001", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/70.html", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/identity-protection/access-control/local-accounts", + "https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/id_root-user.html", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/04/02/attack-matrix-kubernetes/", "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/tree/master/modules/exploits/linux/ssh" ] }, @@ -15033,9 +15524,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15043,7 +15534,8 @@ "Windows" ], "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087/001" + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087/001", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql" ] }, "related": [ @@ -15063,9 +15555,8 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Anti-virus", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15093,7 +15584,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -15115,6 +15607,40 @@ "uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", "value": "Software Packing - T1027.002" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may rely on a user running a malicious image to facilitate execution. Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon Machine Images (AMIs), Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Images, and Azure Images as well as popular container runtimes such as Docker can be backdoored. Backdoored images may be uploaded to a public repository via [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001), and users may then download and deploy an instance or container from the image without realizing the image is malicious, thus bypassing techniques that specifically achieve Initial Access. This can lead to the execution of malicious code, such as code that executes cryptocurrency mining, in the instance or container.(Citation: Summit Route Malicious AMIs)\n\nAdversaries may also name images a certain way to increase the chance of users mistakenly deploying an instance or container from the image (ex: [Match Legitimate Name or Location](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036/005)).", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1204.003", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:execution" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Container: Container Creation", + "Container: Container Start", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Image: Image Creation", + "Instance: Instance Creation", + "Instance: Instance Start", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "IaaS", + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/003", + "https://summitroute.com/blog/2018/09/24/investigating_malicious_amis/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "8c32eb4d-805f-4fc5-bf60-c4d476c131b5", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "b0c74ef9-c61e-4986-88cb-78da98a355ec", + "value": "Malicious Image - T1204.003" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may abuse Microsoft transport agents to establish persistent access to systems. Microsoft Exchange transport agents can operate on email messages passing through the transport pipeline to perform various tasks such as filtering spam, filtering malicious attachments, journaling, or adding a corporate signature to the end of all outgoing emails.(Citation: Microsoft TransportAgent Jun 2016)(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) Transport agents can be written by application developers and then compiled to .NET assemblies that are subsequently registered with the Exchange server. Transport agents will be invoked during a specified stage of email processing and carry out developer defined tasks. \n\nAdversaries may register a malicious transport agent to provide a persistence mechanism in Exchange Server that can be triggered by adversary-specified email events.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019) Though a malicious transport agent may be invoked for all emails passing through the Exchange transport pipeline, the agent can be configured to only carry out specific tasks in response to adversary defined criteria. For example, the transport agent may only carry out an action like copying in-transit attachments and saving them for later exfiltration if the recipient email address matches an entry on a list provided by the adversary. ", "meta": { @@ -15123,8 +15649,8 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Application logs", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15145,6 +15671,67 @@ "uuid": "35187df2-31ed-43b6-a1f5-2f1d3d58d3f1", "value": "Transport Agent - T1505.002" }, + { + "description": "An adversary may forge SAML tokens with any permissions claims and lifetimes if they possess a valid SAML token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Steps) The default lifetime of a SAML token is one hour, but the validity period can be specified in the NotOnOrAfter value of the conditions ... element in a token. This value can be changed using the AccessTokenLifetime in a LifetimeTokenPolicy.(Citation: Microsoft SAML Token Lifetimes) Forged SAML tokens enable adversaries to authenticate across services that use SAML 2.0 as an SSO (single sign-on) mechanism.(Citation: Cyberark Golden SAML)\n\nAn adversary may utilize [Private Keys](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004) to compromise an organization's token-signing certificate to create forged SAML tokens. If the adversary has sufficient permissions to establish a new federation trust with their own Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) server, they may instead generate their own trusted token-signing certificate.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance) This differs from [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528) and other similar behaviors in that the tokens are new and forged by the adversary, rather than stolen or intercepted from legitimate users.\n\nAn adversary may gain administrative Azure AD privileges if a SAML token is forged which claims to represent a highly privileged account. This may lead to [Use Alternate Authentication Material](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1550), which may bypass multi-factor and other authentication protection mechanisms.(Citation: Microsoft SolarWinds Customer Guidance)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1606.002", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Creation", + "Web Credential: Web Credential Usage" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Azure AD", + "SaaS", + "Windows", + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1606/002", + "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2020/12/13/customers-protect-nation-state-cyberattacks/", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/active-directory-configurable-token-lifetimes", + "https://www.cyberark.com/resources/threat-research-blog/golden-saml-newly-discovered-attack-technique-forges-authentication-to-cloud-apps", + "https://msrc-blog.microsoft.com/2020/12/13/customer-guidance-on-recent-nation-state-cyber-attacks/", + "https://www.sygnia.co/golden-saml-advisory" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "1f9c2bae-b441-4f66-a8af-b65946ee72f2", + "value": "SAML Tokens - T1606.002" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may upload tools to third-party or adversary controlled infrastructure to make it accessible during targeting. Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. Tools can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). Adversaries may upload tools to support their operations, such as making a tool available to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105) by placing it on an Internet accessible web server.\n\nTools may be placed on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)).(Citation: Dell TG-3390) Tools can also be staged on web services, such as an adversary controlled GitHub repo.\n\nAdversaries can avoid the need to upload a tool by having compromised victim machines download the tool directly from a third-party hosting location (ex: a non-adversary controlled GitHub repo), including the original hosting site of the tool.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608.002", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/002", + "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-group-3390-targets-organizations-for-cyberespionage" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "506f6f49-7045-4156-9007-7474cb44ad6d", + "value": "Upload Tool - T1608.002" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings. The knowledge of domain-level permission groups can help adversaries determine which groups exist and which users belong to a particular group. Adversaries may use this information to determine which users have elevated permissions, such as domain administrators.\n\nCommands such as net group /domain of the [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility, dscacheutil -q group on macOS, and ldapsearch on Linux can list domain-level groups.", "meta": { @@ -15153,9 +15740,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15186,8 +15772,8 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Process monitoring" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15219,9 +15805,8 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15242,6 +15827,44 @@ "uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", "value": "Domain Account - T1087.002" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence by modifying RC scripts which are executed during a Unix-like system’s startup. These files allow system administrators to map and start custom services at startup for different run levels. RC scripts require root privileges to modify.\n\nAdversaries can establish persistence by adding a malicious binary path or shell commands to rc.local, rc.common, and other RC scripts specific to the Unix-like distribution.(Citation: IranThreats Kittens Dec 2017)(Citation: Intezer HiddenWasp Map 2019) Upon reboot, the system executes the script's contents as root, resulting in persistence.\n\nAdversary abuse of RC scripts is especially effective for lightweight Unix-like distributions using the root user as default, such as IoT or embedded systems.(Citation: intezer-kaiji-malware)\n\nSeveral Unix-like systems have moved to Systemd and deprecated the use of RC scripts. This is now a deprecated mechanism in macOS in favor of [Launchd](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/004). (Citation: Apple Developer Doco Archive Launchd)(Citation: Startup Items) This technique can be used on Mac OS X Panther v10.3 and earlier versions which still execute the RC scripts.(Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence) To maintain backwards compatibility some systems, such as Ubuntu, will execute the RC scripts if they exist with the correct file permissions.(Citation: Ubuntu Manpage systemd rc)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1037.004", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:persistence", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "macOS", + "Linux" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037/004", + "https://iranthreats.github.io/resources/attribution-flying-rocket-kitten/", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog-hiddenwasp-malware-targeting-linux-systems/", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/research/kaiji-new-chinese-linux-malware-turning-to-golang/", + "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/CreatingLaunchdJobs.html", + "https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/StartupItems.html", + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", + "http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/bionic/man8/systemd-rc-local-generator.8.html" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "03259939-0b57-482f-8eb5-87c0e0d54334", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "dca670cf-eeec-438f-8185-fd959d9ef211", + "value": "RC Scripts - T1037.004" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling for initial or recurring execution of malicious code. There are multiple ways to access the Task Scheduler in Windows. The schtasks can be run directly on the command line, or the Task Scheduler can be opened through the GUI within the Administrator Tools section of the Control Panel. In some cases, adversaries have used a .NET wrapper for the Windows Task Scheduler, and alternatively, adversaries have used the Windows netapi32 library to create a scheduled task.\n\nThe deprecated [at](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0110) utility could also be abused by adversaries (ex: [At (Windows)](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053/002)), though at.exe can not access tasks created with schtasks or the Control Panel.\n\nAn adversary may use Windows Task Scheduler to execute programs at system startup or on a scheduled basis for persistence. The Windows Task Scheduler can also be abused to conduct remote Execution as part of Lateral Movement and or to run a process under the context of a specified account (such as SYSTEM).", "meta": { @@ -15252,10 +15875,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows event logs" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -15286,10 +15909,12 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15322,9 +15947,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -15356,8 +15982,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -15378,36 +16006,33 @@ "value": "Startup Items - T1037.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings. The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group.\n\nWith authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups. The Get-MsolRole PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts.(Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation: GitHub Raindance)\n\nAzure CLI (AZ CLI) also provides an interface to obtain permissions groups with authenticated access to a domain. The command az ad user get-member-groups will list groups associated to a user account.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)", + "description": "Adversaries may attempt to find cloud groups and permission settings. The knowledge of cloud permission groups can help adversaries determine the particular roles of users and groups within an environment, as well as which users are associated with a particular group.\n\nWith authenticated access there are several tools that can be used to find permissions groups. The Get-MsolRole PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain roles and permissions groups for Exchange and Office 365 accounts.(Citation: Microsoft Msolrole)(Citation: GitHub Raindance)\n\nAzure CLI (AZ CLI) and the Google Cloud Identity Provider API also provide interfaces to obtain permissions groups. The command az ad user get-member-groups will list groups associated to a user account for Azure while the API endpoint GET https://cloudidentity.googleapis.com/v1/groups lists group resources available to a user for Google.(Citation: Microsoft AZ CLI)(Citation: Black Hills Red Teaming MS AD Azure, 2018)(Citation: Google Cloud Identity API Documentation)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1069.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "Office 365 account logs", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Group: Group Enumeration", + "Group: Group Metadata", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Office 365", "Azure AD", - "GCP", + "Office 365", "SaaS", - "Azure", - "AWS" + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1069/003", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/msonline/get-msolrole?view=azureadps-1.0", "https://github.com/True-Demon/raindance", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cli/azure/ad/user?view=azure-cli-latest", - "https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/red-teaming-microsoft-part-1-active-directory-leaks-via-azure/" + "https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/red-teaming-microsoft-part-1-active-directory-leaks-via-azure/", + "https://cloud.google.com/identity/docs/reference/rest" ] }, "related": [ @@ -15420,26 +16045,27 @@ "value": "Cloud Groups - T1069.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists)\n\nIn on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, theGet-GlobalAddressList PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016)", + "description": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of email addresses and accounts. Adversaries may try to dump Exchange address lists such as global address lists (GALs).(Citation: Microsoft Exchange Address Lists)\n\nIn on-premises Exchange and Exchange Online, theGet-GlobalAddressList PowerShell cmdlet can be used to obtain email addresses and accounts from a domain using an authenticated session.(Citation: Microsoft getglobaladdresslist)(Citation: Black Hills Attacking Exchange MailSniper, 2016)\n\nIn Google Workspace, the GAL is shared with Microsoft Outlook users through the Google Workspace Sync for Microsoft Outlook (GWSMO) service. Additionally, the Google Workspace Directory allows for users to get a listing of other users within the organization.(Citation: Google Workspace Global Access List)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1087.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 account logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087/003", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/email-addresses-and-address-books/address-lists/address-lists?view=exchserver-2019", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/exchange/email-addresses-and-address-books/get-globaladdresslist", - "https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/attacking-exchange-with-mailsniper/" + "https://www.blackhillsinfosec.com/attacking-exchange-with-mailsniper/", + "https://support.google.com/a/answer/166870?hl=en" ] }, "related": [ @@ -15462,12 +16088,14 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/003" @@ -15483,7 +16111,7 @@ "value": "Local Accounts - T1078.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting. Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments. This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's network topology that can be used during targeting. Information about network topologies may include a variety of details, including the physical and/or logical arrangement of both external-facing and internal network environments. This information may also include specifics regarding network devices (gateways, routers, etc.) and other infrastructure.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about network topologies may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -15514,9 +16142,8 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -15548,18 +16175,15 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Authentication logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Stackdriver logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS", "Azure AD", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078/004", @@ -15585,20 +16209,15 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "Office 365 account logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087/004", @@ -15621,7 +16240,7 @@ "value": "Cloud Account - T1087.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather the victim's IP addresses that can be used during targeting. Public IP addresses may be allocated to organizations by block, or a range of sequential addresses. Information about assigned IP addresses may include a variety of details, such as which IP addresses are in use. IP addresses may also enable an adversary to derive other details about a victim, such as organizational size, physical location(s), Internet service provider, and or where/how their publicly-facing infrastructure is hosted.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about assigned IP addresses may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: WHOIS)(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -15647,18 +16266,17 @@ "value": "IP Addresses - T1590.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution. VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API. Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation: VB .NET Mar 2020)(Citation: VB Microsoft)\n\nDerivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript. VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host. VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript/JScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript)\n\nAdversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands. Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads.", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution. VB is a programming language created by Microsoft with interoperability with many Windows technologies such as [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and the [Native API](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1106) through the Windows API. Although tagged as legacy with no planned future evolutions, VB is integrated and supported in the .NET Framework and cross-platform .NET Core.(Citation: VB .NET Mar 2020)(Citation: VB Microsoft)\n\nDerivative languages based on VB have also been created, such as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and VBScript. VBA is an event-driven programming language built into Microsoft Office, as well as several third-party applications.(Citation: Microsoft VBA)(Citation: Wikipedia VBA) VBA enables documents to contain macros used to automate the execution of tasks and other functionality on the host. VBScript is a default scripting language on Windows hosts and can also be used in place of [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) on HTML Application (HTA) webpages served to Internet Explorer (though most modern browsers do not come with VBScript support).(Citation: Microsoft VBScript)\n\nAdversaries may use VB payloads to execute malicious commands. Common malicious usage includes automating execution of behaviors with VBScript or embedding VBA content into [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001) payloads.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1059.005", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -15684,7 +16302,7 @@ "value": "Visual Basic - T1059.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nProc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (/proc/[pid]) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions. Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings. Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes’ stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem. This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR). Once enumerated, the target processes’ memory map within /proc/[pid]/maps can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [LD_PRELOAD](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets. Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into processes via the /proc filesystem in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Proc memory injection is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nProc memory injection involves enumerating the memory of a process via the /proc filesystem (/proc/[pid]) then crafting a return-oriented programming (ROP) payload with available gadgets/instructions. Each running process has its own directory, which includes memory mappings. Proc memory injection is commonly performed by overwriting the target processes’ stack using memory mappings provided by the /proc filesystem. This information can be used to enumerate offsets (including the stack) and gadgets (or instructions within the program that can be used to build a malicious payload) otherwise hidden by process memory protections such as address space layout randomization (ASLR). Once enumerated, the target processes’ memory map within /proc/[pid]/maps can be overwritten using dd.(Citation: Uninformed Needle)(Citation: GDS Linux Injection)(Citation: DD Man) \n\nOther techniques such as [Dynamic Linker Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006) may be used to populate a target process with more available gadgets. Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), proc memory injection may target child processes (such as a backgrounded copy of sleep).(Citation: GDS Linux Injection) \n\nRunning code in the context of another process may allow access to the process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via proc memory injection may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.009", "kill_chain": [ @@ -15692,8 +16310,7 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -15714,6 +16331,31 @@ "uuid": "d201d4cc-214d-4a74-a1ba-b3fa09fd4591", "value": "Proc Memory - T1055.009" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may put in place resources that are referenced by a link that can be used during targeting. An adversary may rely upon a user clicking a malicious link in order to divulge information (including credentials) or to gain execution, as in [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). Links can be used for spearphishing, such as sending an email accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser. Prior to a phish for information (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003)) or a phish to gain initial access to a system (as in [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002)), an adversary must set up the resources for a link target for the spearphishing link. \n\nTypically, the resources for a link target will be an HTML page that may include some client-side script such as [JavaScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007) to decide what content to serve to the user. Adversaries may clone legitimate sites to serve as the link target, this can include cloning of login pages of legitimate web services or organization login pages in an effort to harvest credentials during [Spearphishing Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/003).(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019) Adversaries may also [Upload Malware](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/001) and have the link target point to malware for download/execution by the user.\n\nAdversaries may purchase domains similar to legitimate domains (ex: homoglyphs, typosquatting, different top-level domain, etc.) during acquisition of infrastructure ([Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)) to help facilitate [Malicious Link](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204/001). Link shortening services can also be employed.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608.005", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/005", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/malwarebytes-news/2020/10/silent-librarian-apt-phishing-attack/", + "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/threat-actor-profile-ta407-silent-librarian" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "84ae8255-b4f4-4237-b5c5-e717405a9701", + "value": "Link Target - T1608.005" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may encode data with a standard data encoding system to make the content of command and control traffic more difficult to detect. Command and control (C2) information can be encoded using a standard data encoding system that adheres to existing protocol specifications. Common data encoding schemes include ASCII, Unicode, hexadecimal, Base64, and MIME.(Citation: Wikipedia Binary-to-text Encoding) (Citation: Wikipedia Character Encoding) Some data encoding systems may also result in data compression, such as gzip.", "meta": { @@ -15722,10 +16364,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15756,10 +16395,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "User Account: User Account Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15788,9 +16426,10 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Web logs", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Packet capture" + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -15820,12 +16459,12 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows Registry", - "DLL monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "API monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -15856,10 +16495,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "User Account: User Account Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -15888,12 +16526,13 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -15923,9 +16562,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "EFI", - "BIOS", - "API monitoring" + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -15960,17 +16597,16 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Web logs", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Packet capture" + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491/002", @@ -15990,7 +16626,7 @@ "value": "External Defacement - T1491.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses. Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nProcess hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code. A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as CreateProcess, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread. At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as ZwUnmapViewOfSection or NtUnmapViewOfSection before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, SetThreadContext, then ResumeThread respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n\nThis is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process. This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into suspended and hollowed processes in order to evade process-based defenses. Process hollowing is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nProcess hollowing is commonly performed by creating a process in a suspended state then unmapping/hollowing its memory, which can then be replaced with malicious code. A victim process can be created with native Windows API calls such as CreateProcess, which includes a flag to suspend the processes primary thread. At this point the process can be unmapped using APIs calls such as ZwUnmapViewOfSection or NtUnmapViewOfSection before being written to, realigned to the injected code, and resumed via VirtualAllocEx, WriteProcessMemory, SetThreadContext, then ResumeThread respectively.(Citation: Leitch Hollowing)(Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nThis is very similar to [Thread Local Storage](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/005) but creates a new process rather than targeting an existing process. This behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. However, execution via process hollowing may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.012", "kill_chain": [ @@ -15998,8 +16634,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16020,7 +16656,7 @@ "value": "Process Hollowing - T1055.012" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim’s hardware and software resources.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's business relationships that can be used during targeting. Information about an organization’s business relationships may include a variety of details, including second or third-party organizations/domains (ex: managed service providers, contractors, etc.) that have connected (and potentially elevated) network access. This information may also reveal supply chains and shipment paths for the victim’s hardware and software resources.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business relationships may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1591.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16051,17 +16687,13 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "User Account: User Account Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", + "Azure AD", "Office 365", - "Azure AD" + "IaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136/003", @@ -16089,9 +16721,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -16122,8 +16754,11 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Service: Service Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -16157,8 +16792,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -16181,7 +16818,7 @@ "value": "Gatekeeper Bypass - T1553.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelgänging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Process doppelgänging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nWindows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017)\n\nAdversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055). Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1093), process doppelgänging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. Process doppelgänging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as NtUnmapViewOfSection, VirtualProtectEx, and SetThreadContext. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017)\n\nProcess Doppelgänging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact – Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction.\n* Load – Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable.\n* Rollback – Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system.\n* Animate – Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution.\n\nThis behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. However, execution via process doppelgänging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", + "description": "Adversaries may inject malicious code into process via process doppelgänging in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges. Process doppelgänging is a method of executing arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. \n\nWindows Transactional NTFS (TxF) was introduced in Vista as a method to perform safe file operations. (Citation: Microsoft TxF) To ensure data integrity, TxF enables only one transacted handle to write to a file at a given time. Until the write handle transaction is terminated, all other handles are isolated from the writer and may only read the committed version of the file that existed at the time the handle was opened. (Citation: Microsoft Basic TxF Concepts) To avoid corruption, TxF performs an automatic rollback if the system or application fails during a write transaction. (Citation: Microsoft Where to use TxF)\n\nAlthough deprecated, the TxF application programming interface (API) is still enabled as of Windows 10. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017)\n\nAdversaries may abuse TxF to a perform a file-less variation of [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055). Similar to [Process Hollowing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055/012), process doppelgänging involves replacing the memory of a legitimate process, enabling the veiled execution of malicious code that may evade defenses and detection. Process doppelgänging's use of TxF also avoids the use of highly-monitored API functions such as NtUnmapViewOfSection, VirtualProtectEx, and SetThreadContext. (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017)\n\nProcess Doppelgänging is implemented in 4 steps (Citation: BlackHat Process Doppelgänging Dec 2017):\n\n* Transact – Create a TxF transaction using a legitimate executable then overwrite the file with malicious code. These changes will be isolated and only visible within the context of the transaction.\n* Load – Create a shared section of memory and load the malicious executable.\n* Rollback – Undo changes to original executable, effectively removing malicious code from the file system.\n* Animate – Create a process from the tainted section of memory and initiate execution.\n\nThis behavior will likely not result in elevated privileges since the injected process was spawned from (and thus inherits the security context) of the injecting process. However, execution via process doppelgänging may evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1055.013", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16189,9 +16826,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16223,7 +16859,11 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16254,12 +16894,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16288,9 +16923,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -16313,7 +16948,7 @@ "value": "Outlook Rules - T1137.005" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff.\n\nAdversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim’s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search social media for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Social media sites may contain various information about a victim organization, such as business announcements as well as information about the roles, locations, and interests of staff.\n\nAdversaries may search in different social media sites depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may passively harvest data from these sites, as well as use information gathered to create fake profiles/groups to elicit victim’s into revealing specific information (i.e. [Spearphishing Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598/001)).(Citation: Cyware Social Media) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Spearphishing via Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/003)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1593.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16345,8 +16980,8 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "System calls", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -16372,7 +17007,7 @@ "value": "VDSO Hijacking - T1055.014" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppInit_DLLs value in the Registry keys HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. \n\nThe AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)", + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppInit DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppInit_DLLs value in the Registry keys HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\Software\\Wow6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion\\Windows are loaded by user32.dll into every process that loads user32.dll. In practice this is nearly every program, since user32.dll is a very common library. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to Process Injection, these values can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. (Citation: AppInit Registry) Malicious AppInit DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. \n\nThe AppInit DLL functionality is disabled in Windows 8 and later versions when secure boot is enabled. (Citation: AppInit Secure Boot)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1546.010", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16380,10 +17015,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16414,11 +17049,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "API monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Module: Module Load", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16440,7 +17074,7 @@ "value": "Port Monitors - T1547.010" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting. Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about identities and roles within the victim organization that can be used during targeting. Information about business roles may reveal a variety of targetable details, including identifiable information for key personnel as well as what data/resources they have access to.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about business roles may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: ThreatPost Broadvoice Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1591.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16464,7 +17098,7 @@ "value": "Identify Roles - T1591.004" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors. \n\nSpecific checks may will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. \n\nChecks could include generic system properties such as uptime and samples of network traffic. Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. \n\nOther common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017) In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output. \n \nHardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment. Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018)", + "description": "Adversaries may employ various system checks to detect and avoid virtualization and analysis environments. This may include changing behaviors based on the results of checks for the presence of artifacts indicative of a virtual machine environment (VME) or sandbox. If the adversary detects a VME, they may alter their malware to disengage from the victim or conceal the core functions of the implant. They may also search for VME artifacts before dropping secondary or additional payloads. Adversaries may use the information learned from [Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1497) during automated discovery to shape follow-on behaviors. \n\nSpecific checks will vary based on the target and/or adversary, but may involve behaviors such as [Windows Management Instrumentation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1047), [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001), [System Information Discovery](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1082), and [Query Registry](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1012) to obtain system information and search for VME artifacts. Adversaries may search for VME artifacts in memory, processes, file system, hardware, and/or the Registry. Adversaries may use scripting to automate these checks into one script and then have the program exit if it determines the system to be a virtual environment. \n\nChecks could include generic system properties such as host/domain name and samples of network traffic. Adversaries may also check the network adapters addresses, CPU core count, and available memory/drive size. \n\nOther common checks may enumerate services running that are unique to these applications, installed programs on the system, manufacturer/product fields for strings relating to virtual machine applications, and VME-specific hardware/processor instructions.(Citation: McAfee Virtual Jan 2017) In applications like VMWare, adversaries can also use a special I/O port to send commands and receive output. \n \nHardware checks, such as the presence of the fan, temperature, and audio devices, could also be used to gather evidence that can be indicative a virtual environment. Adversaries may also query for specific readings from these devices.(Citation: Unit 42 OilRig Sept 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1497.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16472,8 +17106,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16503,8 +17138,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16529,19 +17164,16 @@ "value": "Golden Ticket - T1558.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing. Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email. All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution.\n\nThere are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files. Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system. The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so. The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses. Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one.", + "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious attachment in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. Spearphishing attachment is a specific variant of spearphishing. Spearphishing attachment is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of malware attached to an email. All forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204) to gain execution. Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.\n\nThere are many options for the attachment such as Microsoft Office documents, executables, PDFs, or archived files. Upon opening the attachment (and potentially clicking past protections), the adversary's payload exploits a vulnerability or directly executes on the user's system. The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be opened, and may explain how to bypass system protections in order to do so. The email may also contain instructions on how to decrypt an attachment, such as a zip file password, in order to evade email boundary defenses. Adversaries frequently manipulate file extensions and icons in order to make attached executables appear to be document files, or files exploiting one application appear to be a file for a different one. ", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-163", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Detonation chamber", - "Email gateway", - "Mail server" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -16550,7 +17182,10 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/163.html" + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/163.html", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/anti-spoofing-protection?view=o365-worldwide", + "https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-03/spoof_email_sender_policy_framework.pdf", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql" ] }, "related": [ @@ -16563,22 +17198,17 @@ "value": "Spearphishing Attachment - T1566.001" }, { - "description": "An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1536) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.\n\nAn adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", + "description": "An adversary may create a snapshot or data backup within a cloud account to evade defenses. A snapshot is a point-in-time copy of an existing cloud compute component such as a virtual machine (VM), virtual hard drive, or volume. An adversary may leverage permissions to create a snapshot in order to bypass restrictions that prevent access to existing compute service infrastructure, unlike in [Revert Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/004) where an adversary may revert to a snapshot to evade detection and remove evidence of their presence.\n\nAn adversary may [Create Cloud Instance](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/002), mount one or more created snapshots to that instance, and then apply a policy that allows the adversary access to the created instance, such as a firewall policy that allows them inbound and outbound SSH access.(Citation: Mandiant M-Trends 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1578.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs" + "Snapshot: Snapshot Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1578/001", @@ -16599,12 +17229,17 @@ "value": "Create Snapshot - T1578.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing) These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", + "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages via third-party services to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries send messages through various social media services, personal webmail, and other non-enterprise controlled services.(Citation: ThreatPost Social Media Phishing) These services are more likely to have a less-strict security policy than an enterprise. As with most kinds of spearphishing, the goal is to generate rapport with the target or get the target's interest in some way. Adversaries may create fake social media accounts and message employees for potential job opportunities. Doing so allows a plausible reason for asking about services, policies, and information about their environment. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1598.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" + ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -16631,10 +17266,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Component firmware", - "Process monitoring", - "Disk forensics", - "API monitoring" + "Driver: Driver Metadata", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16663,9 +17297,12 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Service: Service Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux" @@ -16697,9 +17334,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16727,7 +17363,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -16757,9 +17393,11 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Authentication logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16782,18 +17420,14 @@ "value": "RDP Hijacking - T1563.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver’s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal.\n\nFor efficiency, may protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).", + "description": "Adversaries may employ a known asymmetric encryption algorithm to conceal command and control traffic rather than relying on any inherent protections provided by a communication protocol. Asymmetric cryptography, also known as public key cryptography, uses a keypair per party: one public that can be freely distributed, and one private. Due to how the keys are generated, the sender encrypts data with the receiver’s public key and the receiver decrypts the data with their private key. This ensures that only the intended recipient can read the encrypted data. Common public key encryption algorithms include RSA and ElGamal.\n\nFor efficiency, many protocols (including SSL/TLS) use symmetric cryptography once a connection is established, but use asymmetric cryptography to establish or transmit a key. As such, these protocols are classified as [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1573.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16817,7 +17451,7 @@ "value": "Asymmetric Cryptography - T1573.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations.\n\nBy running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)", + "description": "Adversaries may set up their own Domain Name System (DNS) servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of hijacking existing DNS servers, adversaries may opt to configure and run their own DNS servers in support of operations.\n\nBy running their own DNS servers, adversaries can have more control over how they administer server-side DNS C2 traffic ([DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/004)). With control over a DNS server, adversaries can configure DNS applications to provide conditional responses to malware and, generally, have more flexibility in the structure of the DNS-based C2 channel.(Citation: Unit42 DNS Mar 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16841,7 +17475,7 @@ "value": "DNS Server - T1583.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking)\n\nAdversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may use search engines to collect information about victims that can be used during targeting. Search engine services typical crawl online sites to index context and may provide users with specialized syntax to search for specific keywords or specific types of content (i.e. filetypes).(Citation: SecurityTrails Google Hacking)(Citation: ExploitDB GoogleHacking)\n\nAdversaries may craft various search engine queries depending on what information they seek to gather. Threat actors may use search engines to harvest general information about victims, as well as use specialized queries to look for spillages/leaks of sensitive information such as network details or credentials. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1593.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -16874,11 +17508,9 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device run-time memory", - "Network device command history", - "Network device configuration", - "File monitoring", - "Network device logs" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -16910,7 +17542,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -16941,8 +17574,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs" + "User Account: User Account Creation", + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -16970,9 +17604,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Loaded DLLs" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -16994,7 +17628,7 @@ "value": "Authentication Package - T1547.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations.\n\nBy compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records. Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing)", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers that can be used during targeting. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize DNS traffic for various tasks, including for Command and Control (ex: [Application Layer Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071)). Instead of setting up their own DNS servers, adversaries may compromise third-party DNS servers in support of operations.\n\nBy compromising DNS servers, adversaries can alter DNS records. Such control can allow for redirection of an organization's traffic, facilitating Collection and Credential Access efforts for the adversary.(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye DNS Hijack 2019) Adversaries may also be able to silently create subdomains pointed at malicious servers without tipping off the actual owner of the DNS server.(Citation: CiscoAngler)(Citation: Proofpoint Domain Shadowing)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17021,7 +17655,7 @@ "value": "DNS Server - T1584.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting. Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's client configurations that can be used during targeting. Information about client configurations may include a variety of details and settings, including operating system/version, virtualization, architecture (ex: 32 or 64 bit), language, and/or time zone.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the client configurations may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1592.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17052,22 +17686,18 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Sensor health and status", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Network device logs" + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "macOS", "Windows", - "Linux", - "AWS", - "Office 365", "Azure AD", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS" + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1498/002", @@ -17097,7 +17727,8 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -17120,7 +17751,38 @@ "value": "Securityd Memory - T1555.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors. Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)\n\nTo decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016)", + "description": "Adversaries may gather credentials via APIs within a containers environment. APIs in these environments, such as the Docker API and Kubernetes APIs, allow a user to remotely manage their container resources and cluster components.(Citation: Docker API)(Citation: Kubernetes API)\n\nAn adversary may access the Docker API to collect logs that contain credentials to cloud, container, and various other resources in the environment.(Citation: Unit 42 Unsecured Docker Daemons) An adversary with sufficient permissions, such as via a pod's service account, may also use the Kubernetes API to retrieve credentials from the Kubernetes API server. These credentials may include those needed for Docker API authentication or secrets from Kubernetes cluster components. ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1552.007", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access", + "User Account: User Account Authentication" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/007", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.41/", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/overview/kubernetes-api/", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/attackers-tactics-and-techniques-in-unsecured-docker-daemons-revealed/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "435dfb86-2697-4867-85b5-2fef496c0517", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "f8ef3a62-3f44-40a4-abca-761ab235c436", + "value": "Container API - T1552.007" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may create email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use accounts created with email providers to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1) Adversaries may also take steps to cultivate a persona around the email account, such as through use of [Social Media Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585/001), to increase the chance of success of follow-on behaviors. Created email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)\n\nTo decrease the chance of physically tying back operations to themselves, adversaries may make use of disposable email services.(Citation: Trend Micro R980 2016)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1585.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17152,8 +17814,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17175,15 +17836,15 @@ "value": "Silver Ticket - T1558.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use.\n\nThese scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", + "description": "Adversaries may scan victims for vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. Vulnerability scans typically check if the configuration of a target host/application (ex: software and version) potentially aligns with the target of a specific exploit the adversary may seek to use.\n\nThese scans may also include more broad attempts to [Gather Victim Host Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1592) that can be used to identify more commonly known, exploitable vulnerabilities. Vulnerability scans typically harvest running software and version numbers via server banners, listening ports, or other network artifacts.(Citation: OWASP Vuln Scanning) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1595.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network device logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -17210,9 +17871,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Sensor health and status" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -17237,32 +17898,31 @@ "value": "Indicator Blocking - T1562.006" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing. It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments. \n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this case, the malicious emails contain links. Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place. Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly or verify the receipt of an email (i.e. web bugs/web beacons). Links may also direct users to malicious applications designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, in order to gain access to protected applications and information.(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", + "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with a malicious link in an attempt to gain access to victim systems. Spearphishing with a link is a specific variant of spearphishing. It is different from other forms of spearphishing in that it employs the use of links to download malware contained in email, instead of attaching malicious files to the email itself, to avoid defenses that may inspect email attachments. Spearphishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this case, the malicious emails contain links. Generally, the links will be accompanied by social engineering text and require the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser, leveraging [User Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204). The visited website may compromise the web browser using an exploit, or the user will be prompted to download applications, documents, zip files, or even executables depending on the pretext for the email in the first place. Adversaries may also include links that are intended to interact directly with an email reader, including embedded images intended to exploit the end system directly or verify the receipt of an email (i.e. web bugs/web beacons). Links may also direct users to malicious applications designed to [Steal Application Access Token](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1528)s, like OAuth tokens, in order to gain access to protected applications and information.(Citation: Trend Micro Pawn Storm OAuth 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-163", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Web proxy", - "Email gateway", - "Detonation chamber", - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "DNS records", - "Mail server" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", "Windows", "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/002", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/163.html", - "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/pawn-storm-abuses-open-authentication-advanced-social-engineering-attacks" + "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/pawn-storm-abuses-open-authentication-advanced-social-engineering-attacks", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/anti-spoofing-protection?view=o365-worldwide", + "https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-03/spoof_email_sender_policy_framework.pdf" ] }, "related": [ @@ -17275,7 +17935,7 @@ "value": "Spearphishing Link - T1566.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nAdversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest.", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise email accounts that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can use compromised email accounts to further their operations, such as leveraging them to conduct [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566). Utilizing an existing persona with a compromised email account may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. Compromised email accounts can also be used in the acquisition of infrastructure (ex: [Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/001)).\n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising email accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising email accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nAdversaries can use a compromised email account to hijack existing email threads with targets of interest.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1586.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17306,9 +17966,10 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17329,7 +17990,7 @@ "value": "Service Execution - T1569.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting. Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees.\n\nAdversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather email addresses that can be used during targeting. Even if internal instances exist, organizations may have public-facing email infrastructure and addresses for employees.\n\nAdversaries may easily gather email addresses, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: HackersArise Email)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Email Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586/002)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1589.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17354,15 +18015,16 @@ "value": "Email Addresses - T1589.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", + "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious attachment to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, adversaries attach a file to the spearphishing email and usually rely upon the recipient populating information then returning the file.(Citation: Sophos Attachment)(Citation: GitHub Phishery) The text of the spearphishing email usually tries to give a plausible reason why the file should be filled-in, such as a request for information from a business associate. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1598.002", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Email gateway" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -17393,12 +18055,13 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Service: Service Creation", + "Service: Service Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17432,7 +18095,12 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Service: Service Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -17464,10 +18132,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Script: Script Execution", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -17497,12 +18165,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17533,7 +18199,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DNS records" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -17557,7 +18223,7 @@ "value": "DNS Calculation - T1568.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may register for web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)) or [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567). Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", + "description": "Adversaries may register for web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for adversaries to register for a web-based service that can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)) or [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567). Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. By utilizing a web service, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583.006", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17580,7 +18246,7 @@ "value": "Web Services - T1583.006" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content. These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location.\n\nAdversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup) Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation: Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search public digital certificate data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Digital certificates are issued by a certificate authority (CA) in order to cryptographically verify the origin of signed content. These certificates, such as those used for encrypted web traffic (HTTPS SSL/TLS communications), contain information about the registered organization such as name and location.\n\nAdversaries may search digital certificate data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about certificates.(Citation: SSLShopper Lookup) Digital certificate data may also be available from artifacts signed by the organization (ex: certificates used from encrypted web traffic are served with content).(Citation: Medium SSL Cert) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17605,15 +18271,12 @@ "value": "Digital Certificates - T1596.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA).\n\nAdversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Man-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).", + "description": "Adversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner. In the case of self-signing, digital certificates will lack the element of trust associated with the signature of a third-party certificate authority (CA).\n\nAdversaries may create self-signed SSL/TLS certificates that can be used to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Man-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)).\n\nAfter creating a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1587.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS certificates" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -17632,7 +18295,7 @@ "value": "Digital Certificates - T1587.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting. Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures.\n\nAdversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather employee names that can be used during targeting. Employee names be used to derive email addresses as well as to help guide other reconnaissance efforts and/or craft more-believable lures.\n\nAdversaries may easily gather employee names, since they may be readily available and exposed via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Social Media](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/001) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)).(Citation: OPM Leak) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1589.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17656,15 +18319,16 @@ "value": "Employee Names - T1589.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin) The given website may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site. From the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the attacker. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", + "description": "Adversaries may send spearphishing messages with a malicious link to elicit sensitive information that can be used during targeting. Spearphishing for information is an attempt to trick targets into divulging information, frequently credentials or other actionable information. Spearphishing for information frequently involves social engineering techniques, such as posing as a source with a reason to collect information (ex: [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585) or [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)) and/or sending multiple, seemingly urgent messages.\n\nAll forms of spearphishing are electronically delivered social engineering targeted at a specific individual, company, or industry. In this scenario, the malicious emails contain links generally accompanied by social engineering text to coax the user to actively click or copy and paste a URL into a browser.(Citation: TrendMictro Phishing)(Citation: PCMag FakeLogin) The given website may closely resemble a legitimate site in appearance and have a URL containing elements from the real site. From the fake website, information is gathered in web forms and sent to the attacker. Adversaries may also use information from previous reconnaissance efforts (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Victim-Owned Websites](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1594)) to craft persuasive and believable lures.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1598.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Mail server", - "Email gateway" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -17687,7 +18351,7 @@ "value": "Spearphishing Link - T1598.003" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking ambiguous paths used to load libraries. Adversaries may plant trojan dynamic libraries, in a directory that will be searched by the operating system before the legitimate library specified by the victim program, so that their malicious library will be loaded into the victim program instead. MacOS and OS X use a common method to look for required dynamic libraries (dylib) to load into a program based on search paths.\n\nA common method is to see what dylibs an application uses, then plant a malicious version with the same name higher up in the search path. This typically results in the dylib being in the same folder as the application itself. (Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX) (Citation: Malware Persistence on OS X)\n\nIf the program is configured to run at a higher privilege level than the current user, then when the dylib is loaded into the application, the dylib will also run at that elevated level.", + "description": "Adversaries may execute their own payloads by placing a malicious dynamic library (dylib) with an expected name in a path a victim application searches at runtime. The dynamic loader will try to find the dylibs based on the sequential order of the search paths. Paths to dylibs may be prefixed with @rpath, which allows developers to use relative paths to specify an array of search paths used at runtime based on the location of the executable. Additionally, if weak linking is used, such as the LC_LOAD_WEAK_DYLIB function, an application will still execute even if an expected dylib is not present. Weak linking enables developers to run an application on multiple macOS versions as new APIs are added.\n\nAdversaries may gain execution by inserting malicious dylibs with the name of the missing dylib in the identified path.(Citation: Wardle Dylib Hijack Vulnerable Apps)(Citation: Wardle Dylib Hijacking OSX 2015)(Citation: Github EmpireProject HijackScanner)(Citation: Github EmpireProject CreateHijacker Dylib) Dylibs are loaded into an application's address space allowing the malicious dylib to inherit the application's privilege level and resources. Based on the application, this could result in privilege escalation and uninhibited network access. This method may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.(Citation: Writing Bad Malware for OSX)(Citation: wardle artofmalware volume1)(Citation: MalwareUnicorn macOS Dylib Injection MachO)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-471", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17696,8 +18360,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -17705,8 +18370,14 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/004", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/471.html", + "https://objective-see.com/blog/blog_0x46.html", + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/magazine/2015/vb201503-dylib-hijacking.pdf", + "https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/master/lib/modules/python/situational_awareness/host/osx/HijackScanner.py", + "https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire/blob/08cbd274bef78243d7a8ed6443b8364acd1fc48b/lib/modules/python/persistence/osx/CreateHijacker.py", "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Wardle-Writing-Bad-A-Malware-For-OS-X.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf" + "https://taomm.org/vol1/pdfs.html", + "https://malwareunicorn.org/workshops/macos_dylib_injection.html#5", + "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/DynamicLibraries/100-Articles/RunpathDependentLibraries.html" ] }, "related": [ @@ -17727,10 +18398,11 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -17738,7 +18410,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/006", "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Wardle-Writing-Bad-A-Malware-For-OS-X.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf" + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf" ] }, "related": [ @@ -17758,8 +18430,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Script: Script Execution", + "File: File Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -17794,10 +18466,11 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17821,7 +18494,7 @@ "value": "Accessibility Features - T1546.008" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, etc. Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations. Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)) or [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise access to third-party web services that can be used during targeting. A variety of popular websites exist for legitimate users to register for web-based services, such as GitHub, Twitter, Dropbox, Google, etc. Adversaries may try to take ownership of a legitimate user's access to a web service and use that web service as infrastructure in support of cyber operations. Such web services can be abused during later stages of the adversary lifecycle, such as during Command and Control ([Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1102)) or [Exfiltration Over Web Service](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1567).(Citation: Recorded Future Turla Infra 2020) Using common services, such as those offered by Google or Twitter, makes it easier for adversaries to hide in expected noise. By utilizing a web service, particularly when access is stolen from legitimate users, adversaries can make it difficult to physically tie back operations to them.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.006", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17845,7 +18518,7 @@ "value": "Web Services - T1584.006" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppCertDLLs Registry key under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\ are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions CreateProcess, CreateProcessAsUser, CreateProcessWithLoginW, CreateProcessWithTokenW, or WinExec. (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ", + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by AppCert DLLs loaded into processes. Dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) that are specified in the AppCertDLLs Registry key under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\ are loaded into every process that calls the ubiquitously used application programming interface (API) functions CreateProcess, CreateProcessAsUser, CreateProcessWithLoginW, CreateProcessWithTokenW, or WinExec. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nSimilar to [Process Injection](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1055), this value can be abused to obtain elevated privileges by causing a malicious DLL to be loaded and run in the context of separate processes on the computer. Malicious AppCert DLLs may also provide persistence by continuously being triggered by API activity. ", "meta": { "external_id": "T1546.009", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17853,10 +18526,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17886,10 +18559,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process monitoring" + "Module: Module Load", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -17920,16 +18593,17 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/009", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/132.html" + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/132.html", + "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJ0UsyiUEqQ" ] }, "related": [ @@ -17942,15 +18616,12 @@ "value": "Shortcut Modification - T1547.009" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.\n\nAdversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Man-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)\n\nCertificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAdversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for.", + "description": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal SSL/TLS certificates that can be used during targeting. SSL/TLS certificates are designed to instill trust. They include information about the key, information about its owner's identity, and the digital signature of an entity that has verified the certificate's contents are correct. If the signature is valid, and the person examining the certificate trusts the signer, then they know they can use that key to communicate with its owner.\n\nAdversaries may purchase or steal SSL/TLS certificates to further their operations, such as encrypting C2 traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)) or even enabling [Man-in-the-Middle](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1557) if the certificate is trusted or otherwise added to the root of trust (i.e. [Install Root Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1553/004)). The purchase of digital certificates may be done using a front organization or using information stolen from a previously compromised entity that allows the adversary to validate to a certificate provider as that entity. Adversaries may also steal certificate materials directly from a compromised third-party, including from certificate authorities.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise) Adversaries may register or hijack domains that they will later purchase an SSL/TLS certificate for.\n\nCertificate authorities exist that allow adversaries to acquire SSL/TLS certificates, such as domain validation certificates, for free.(Citation: Let's Encrypt FAQ)\n\nAfter obtaining a digital certificate, an adversary may then install that certificate (see [Install Digital Certificate](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608/003)) on infrastructure under their control.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.004", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS certificates" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -17972,7 +18643,43 @@ "value": "Digital Certificates - T1588.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan)\n\nAdversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", + "description": "Adversaries may acquire user credentials from third-party password managers.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019) Password managers are applications designed to store user credentials, normally in an encrypted database. Credentials are typically accessible after a user provides a master password that unlocks the database. After the database is unlocked, these credentials may be copied to memory. These databases can be stored as files on disk.(Citation: ise Password Manager February 2019)\n\nAdversaries may acquire user credentials from password managers by extracting the master password and/or plain-text credentials from memory.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)(Citation: Github KeeThief) Adversaries may extract credentials from memory via [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212).(Citation: NVD CVE-2019-3610)\n Adversaries may also try brute forcing via [Password Guessing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110/001) to obtain the master password of a password manager.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1555.005", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:credential-access" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Access", + "Process: Process Access", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "macOS", + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/005", + "https://www.ise.io/casestudies/password-manager-hacking/", + "https://resources.fox-it.com/rs/170-CAK-271/images/201912_Report_Operation_Wocao.pdf", + "https://github.com/GhostPack/KeeThief", + "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3610", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/dropping-anchor-from-a-trickbot-infection-to-the-discovery-of-the-anchor-malware" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", + "value": "Password Managers - T1555.005" + }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may search within public scan databases for information about victims that can be used during targeting. Various online services continuously publish the results of Internet scans/surveys, often harvesting information such as active IP addresses, hostnames, open ports, certificates, and even server banners.(Citation: Shodan)\n\nAdversaries may search scan databases to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information from these services. Adversaries may seek information about their already identified targets, or use these datasets to discover opportunities for successful breaches. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -17996,7 +18703,7 @@ "value": "Scan Databases - T1596.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. (Citation: Endgame Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. \n\nA list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n* %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb and\n* hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom and\n* hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress).\n\nUtilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc. (Citation: FireEye Application Shimming) Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs.", + "description": "Adversaries may establish persistence and/or elevate privileges by executing malicious content triggered by application shims. The Microsoft Windows Application Compatibility Infrastructure/Framework (Application Shim) was created to allow for backward compatibility of software as the operating system codebase changes over time. For example, the application shimming feature allows developers to apply fixes to applications (without rewriting code) that were created for Windows XP so that it will work with Windows 10. (Citation: Elastic Process Injection July 2017)\n\nWithin the framework, shims are created to act as a buffer between the program (or more specifically, the Import Address Table) and the Windows OS. When a program is executed, the shim cache is referenced to determine if the program requires the use of the shim database (.sdb). If so, the shim database uses hooking to redirect the code as necessary in order to communicate with the OS. \n\nA list of all shims currently installed by the default Windows installer (sdbinst.exe) is kept in:\n\n* %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\sysmain.sdb and\n* hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\installedsdb\n\nCustom databases are stored in:\n\n* %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\custom & %WINDIR%\\AppPatch\\AppPatch64\\Custom and\n* hklm\\software\\microsoft\\windows nt\\currentversion\\appcompatflags\\custom\n\nTo keep shims secure, Windows designed them to run in user mode so they cannot modify the kernel and you must have administrator privileges to install a shim. However, certain shims can be used to [Bypass User Account Control](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1548/002) (UAC and RedirectEXE), inject DLLs into processes (InjectDLL), disable Data Execution Prevention (DisableNX) and Structure Exception Handling (DisableSEH), and intercept memory addresses (GetProcAddress).\n\nUtilizing these shims may allow an adversary to perform several malicious acts such as elevate privileges, install backdoors, disable defenses like Windows Defender, etc. (Citation: FireEye Application Shimming) Shims can also be abused to establish persistence by continuously being invoked by affected programs.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1546.011", "kill_chain": [ @@ -18004,9 +18711,11 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -18036,9 +18745,9 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -18048,7 +18757,6 @@ "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/09/unit42-sofacys-komplex-os-x-trojan/", "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", "https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/CreatingLoginItems.html", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-analysis/2017/04/new-osx-dok-malware-intercepts-web-traffic/" ] }, @@ -18070,11 +18778,11 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Module: Module Load", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Driver: Driver Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -18103,10 +18811,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -18128,6 +18836,43 @@ "uuid": "0f2c410d-d740-4ed9-abb1-b8f4a7faf6c3", "value": "PowerShell Profile - T1546.013" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may achieve persistence by adding a Registry key to the Active Setup of the local machine. Active Setup is a Windows mechanism that is used to execute programs when a user logs in. The value stored in the Registry key will be executed after a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Klein Active Setup 2010) These programs will be executed under the context of the user and will have the account's associated permissions level.\n\nAdversaries may abuse Active Setup by creating a key under HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Active Setup\\Installed Components\\ and setting a malicious value for StubPath. This value will serve as the program that will be executed when a user logs into the computer.(Citation: Mandiant Glyer APT 2010)(Citation: Citizenlab Packrat 2015)(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: SECURELIST Bright Star 2015)(Citation: paloalto Tropic Trooper 2016)\n\nAdversaries can abuse these components to execute malware, such as remote access tools, to maintain persistence through system reboots. Adversaries may also use [Masquerading](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036) to make the Registry entries look as if they are associated with legitimate programs.", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1547.014", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:persistence", + "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1547/014", + "https://helgeklein.com/blog/2010/04/active-setup-explained/", + "https://digital-forensics.sans.org/summit-archives/2010/35-glyer-apt-persistence-mechanisms.pdf", + "https://citizenlab.ca/2015/12/packrat-report/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2012/12/council-foreign-relations-water-hole-attack-details.html", + "https://securelist.com/whos-really-spreading-through-the-bright-star/68978/", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-tropic-trooper-targets-taiwanese-government-and-fossil-fuel-provider-with-poison-ivy/", + "https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb963902" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1ecb2399-e8ba-4f6b-8ba7-5c27d49405cf", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "22522668-ddf6-470b-a027-9d6866679f67", + "value": "Active Setup - T1547.014" + }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1270).\n\nPersonnel internally to a company may belong to a group or maintain a role with electronic specialized access, authorities, or privilege that make them an attractive target for an adversary. One example of this is a system administrator. (Citation: RSA-APTRecon)", "meta": { @@ -18166,15 +18911,18 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "File: File Creation", + "Container: Container Creation", + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", "Linux", - "macOS" + "macOS", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1053", @@ -18185,6 +18933,27 @@ "uuid": "35dd844a-b219-4e2b-a6bb-efa9a75995a9", "value": "Scheduled Task/Job - T1053" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may abuse task scheduling functionality to facilitate initial or recurring execution of malicious code. On Android and iOS, APIs and libraries exist to facilitate scheduling tasks to execute at a specified date, time, or interval.\n\nOn Android, the `WorkManager` API allows asynchronous tasks to be scheduled with the system. `WorkManager` was introduced to unify task scheduling on Android, using `JobScheduler`, `GcmNetworkManager`, and `AlarmManager` internally. `WorkManager` offers a lot of flexibility for scheduling, including periodically, one time, or constraint-based (e.g. only when the device is charging).(Citation: Android WorkManager)\n\nOn iOS, the `NSBackgroundActivityScheduler` API allows asynchronous tasks to be scheduled with the system. The tasks can be scheduled to be repeating or non-repeating, however, the system chooses when the tasks will be executed. The app can choose the interval for repeating tasks, or the delay between scheduling and execution for one-time tasks.(Citation: Apple NSBackgroundActivityScheduler)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1603", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-mobile-attack:execution", + "mitre-mobile-attack:persistence" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android", + "iOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1603", + "https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/architecture/workmanager", + "https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/nsbackgroundactivityscheduler" + ] + }, + "uuid": "00290ac5-551e-44aa-bbd8-c4b913488a6d", + "value": "Scheduled Task/Job - T1603" + }, { "description": "This object is deprecated as its content has been merged into the enterprise domain. Please see the [PRE](http://attack.mitre.org/matrices/enterprise/pre/) matrix for its replacement. The prior content of this page has been preserved [here](https://attack.mitre.org/versions/v7/techniques/T1227).\n\nLeadership derives Key Intelligence Topics (KITs) and Key Intelligence Questions (KIQs) from the areas of most interest to them. KITs are an expression of management's intelligence needs with respect to early warning, strategic and operational decisions, knowing the competition, and understanding the competitive situation. KIQs are the critical questions aligned by KIT which provide the basis for collection plans, create a context for analytic work, and/or identify necessary external operations. (Citation: Herring1999)", "meta": { @@ -18207,9 +18976,9 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Sensor Health: Host Status" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18235,8 +19004,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -18259,10 +19029,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18308,9 +19075,12 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Script: Script Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18332,10 +19102,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Asset management", - "Data loss prevention" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", "Linux", @@ -18345,7 +19111,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/440.html", "https://ossmann.blogspot.com/2011/02/throwing-star-lan-tap.html", - "http://www.bsidesto.ca/2015/slides/Weapons_of_a_Penetration_Tester.pptx", + "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lDvf4ScWbcQ", "https://www.hak5.org/blog/main-blog/stealing-files-with-the-usb-rubber-ducky-usb-exfiltration-explained", "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fXthwl6ShOg", "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2012/03/the-pwn-plug-is-a-little-white-box-that-can-hack-your-network/" @@ -18384,15 +19150,14 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network device logs", - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Network" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1040", @@ -18435,7 +19200,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -18457,11 +19222,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18508,19 +19270,19 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 account logs", - "Authentication logs" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS", - "GCP", - "AWS", - "Azure" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1110", @@ -18538,9 +19300,10 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -18562,19 +19325,13 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Windows event logs", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "API monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Share: Network Share Access", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18599,11 +19356,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Host network interface", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture", - "SSL/TLS inspection" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -18767,10 +19522,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" ], @@ -18792,10 +19543,8 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "System calls", - "Loaded DLLs", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -18820,6 +19569,35 @@ "uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", "value": "Native API - T1106" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may deploy a container into an environment to facilitate execution or evade defenses. In some cases, adversaries may deploy a new container to execute processes associated with a particular image or deployment, such as processes that execute or download malware. In others, an adversary may deploy a new container configured without network rules, user limitations, etc. to bypass existing defenses within the environment.\n\nContainers can be deployed by various means, such as via Docker's create and start APIs or via a web application such as the Kubernetes dashboard or Kubeflow.(Citation: Docker Containers API)(Citation: Kubernetes Dashboard)(Citation: Kubeflow Pipelines) Adversaries may deploy containers based on retrieved or built malicious images or from benign images that download and execute malicious payloads at runtime.(Citation: Aqua Build Images on Hosts)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1610", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", + "mitre-attack:execution" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Container: Container Creation", + "Container: Container Start", + "Pod: Pod Creation", + "Pod: Pod Modification", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1610", + "https://docs.docker.com/engine/api/v1.41/#tag/Container", + "https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard/", + "https://www.kubeflow.org/docs/components/pipelines/overview/pipelines-overview/", + "https://blog.aquasec.com/malicious-container-image-docker-container-host" + ] + }, + "uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "value": "Deploy Container - T1610" + }, { "description": "Per Apple’s developer documentation, when macOS and OS X boot up, launchd is run to finish system initialization. This process loads the parameters for each launch-on-demand system-level daemon from the property list (plist) files found in /System/Library/LaunchDaemons and /Library/LaunchDaemons (Citation: AppleDocs Launch Agent Daemons). These LaunchDaemons have property list files which point to the executables that will be launched (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence).\n \nAdversaries may install a new launch daemon that can be configured to execute at startup by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories (Citation: OSX Malware Detection). The daemon name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software (Citation: WireLurker). Launch Daemons may be created with administrator privileges, but are executed under root privileges, so an adversary may also use a service to escalate privileges from administrator to root.\n \nThe plist file permissions must be root:wheel, but the script or program that it points to has no such requirement. So, it is possible for poor configurations to allow an adversary to modify a current Launch Daemon’s executable and gain persistence or Privilege Escalation.", "meta": { @@ -18873,29 +19651,14 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", "mitre-attack:persistence" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 account logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis", - "File monitoring", - "Authentication logs", - "Binary file metadata" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", + "Azure AD", "Office 365", "SaaS", - "Azure AD" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1108", @@ -19040,14 +19803,24 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Anti-virus", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Instance: Instance Start", + "Instance: Instance Creation", + "Image: Image Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Container: Container Start", + "Container: Container Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "Windows", - "macOS" + "macOS", + "IaaS", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1204" @@ -19071,7 +19844,7 @@ "value": "Task requirements - T1240" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control. Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics. After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.\n\nAdversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s).\n\nThe observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet. Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) (Citation: FireEye - Synful Knock) (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture.", + "description": "Adversaries may use traffic signaling to hide open ports or other malicious functionality used for persistence or command and control. Traffic signaling involves the use of a magic value or sequence that must be sent to a system to trigger a special response, such as opening a closed port or executing a malicious task. This may take the form of sending a series of packets with certain characteristics before a port will be opened that the adversary can use for command and control. Usually this series of packets consists of attempted connections to a predefined sequence of closed ports (i.e. [Port Knocking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1205/001)), but can involve unusual flags, specific strings, or other unique characteristics. After the sequence is completed, opening a port may be accomplished by the host-based firewall, but could also be implemented by custom software.\n\nAdversaries may also communicate with an already open port, but the service listening on that port will only respond to commands or trigger other malicious functionality if passed the appropriate magic value(s).\n\nThe observation of the signal packets to trigger the communication can be conducted through different methods. One means, originally implemented by Cd00r (Citation: Hartrell cd00r 2002), is to use the libpcap libraries to sniff for the packets in question. Another method leverages raw sockets, which enables the malware to use ports that are already open for use by other programs.\n\nOn network devices, adversaries may use crafted packets to enable [Network Device Authentication](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1556/004) for standard services offered by the device such as telnet. Such signaling may also be used to open a closed service port such as telnet, or to trigger module modification of malware implants on the device, adding, removing, or changing malicious capabilities.(Citation: Cisco Synful Knock Evolution) (Citation: FireEye - Synful Knock) (Citation: Cisco Blog Legacy Device Attacks) To enable this traffic signaling on embedded devices, adversaries must first achieve and leverage [Patch System Image](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1601/001) due to the monolithic nature of the architecture.\n\nAdversaries may also use the Wake-on-LAN feature to turn on powered off systems. Wake-on-LAN is a hardware feature that allows a powered down system to be powered on, or woken up, by sending a magic packet to it. Once the system is powered on, it may become a target for lateral movement.(Citation: Bleeping Computer - Ryuk WoL) (Citation: AMD Magic Packet)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1205", "kill_chain": [ @@ -19080,8 +19853,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19094,7 +19868,10 @@ "https://www.giac.org/paper/gcih/342/handle-cd00r-invisible-backdoor/103631", "https://blogs.cisco.com/security/evolution-of-attacks-on-cisco-ios-devices", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2015/09/synful_knock_-_acis.html", - "https://community.cisco.com/t5/security-blogs/attackers-continue-to-target-legacy-devices/ba-p/4169954" + "https://community.cisco.com/t5/security-blogs/attackers-continue-to-target-legacy-devices/ba-p/4169954", + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ryuk-ransomware-uses-wake-on-lan-to-encrypt-offline-devices/", + "https://www.amd.com/system/files/TechDocs/20213.pdf", + "https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/WakeOnLAN" ] }, "uuid": "451a9977-d255-43c9-b431-66de80130c8c", @@ -19107,13 +19884,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process use of network", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -19182,9 +19952,8 @@ "mitre-attack:exfiltration" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring" + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19221,10 +19990,6 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence", "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" ], @@ -19466,17 +20231,15 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Access", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1074", @@ -19495,7 +20258,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19520,11 +20284,11 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Named Pipes" + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Access", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19553,17 +20317,12 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Windows event logs", - "User interface", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "PowerShell logs", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Kernel drivers", - "DLL monitoring", - "Binary file metadata", - "API monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19588,9 +20347,9 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19605,6 +20364,30 @@ "uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", "value": "Process Discovery - T1057" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may upload, install, or otherwise set up capabilities that can be used during targeting. To support their operations, an adversary may need to take capabilities they developed ([Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587)) or obtained ([Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)) and stage them on infrastructure under their control. These capabilities may be staged on infrastructure that was previously purchased/rented by the adversary ([Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583)) or was otherwise compromised by them ([Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)). Capabilities can also be staged on web services, such as GitHub or Pastebin.(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)\n\nStaging of capabilities can aid the adversary in a number of initial access and post-compromise behaviors, including (but not limited to):\n\n* Staging web resources necessary to conduct [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) when a user browses to a site.(Citation: FireEye CFR Watering Hole 2012)(Citation: Gallagher 2015)(Citation: ATT ScanBox)\n* Staging web resources for a link target to be used with spearphishing.(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)(Citation: Proofpoint TA407 September 2019)\n* Uploading malware or tools to a location accessible to a victim network to enable [Ingress Tool Transfer](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1105).(Citation: Volexity Ocean Lotus November 2020)\n* Installing a previously acquired SSL/TLS certificate to use to encrypt command and control traffic (ex: [Asymmetric Cryptography](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1573/002) with [Web Protocols](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1071/001)).(Citation: DigiCert Install SSL Cert)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1608", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:resource-development" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "PRE" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1608", + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2020/11/06/oceanlotus-extending-cyber-espionage-operations-through-fake-websites/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2012/12/council-foreign-relations-water-hole-attack-details.html", + "http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/08/newly-discovered-chinese-hacking-group-hacked-100-websites-to-use-as-watering-holes/", + "https://cybersecurity.att.com/blogs/labs-research/scanbox-a-reconnaissance-framework-used-on-watering-hole-attacks", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/malwarebytes-news/2020/10/silent-librarian-apt-phishing-attack/", + "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/threat-actor-profile-ta407-silent-librarian", + "https://www.digicert.com/kb/ssl-certificate-installation.htm" + ] + }, + "uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "value": "Stage Capabilities - T1608" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of accounts on a system or within an environment. This information can help adversaries determine which accounts exist to aid in follow-on behavior.", "meta": { @@ -19613,26 +20396,25 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Office 365 account logs", - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1087", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/575.html" + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/575.html", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/embracing-offensive-tooling-building-detections-against-koadic-using-eql" ] }, "uuid": "72b74d71-8169-42aa-92e0-e7b04b9f5a08", @@ -19649,21 +20431,19 @@ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Process monitoring" + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078", @@ -19707,18 +20487,21 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "File: File Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Group: Group Modification", + "User Account: User Account Modification", + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", - "Office 365", - "Azure", - "GCP", "Azure AD", - "AWS", + "Office 365", + "IaaS", "Linux", - "macOS" + "macOS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1098", @@ -19739,11 +20522,12 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -19794,9 +20578,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19844,17 +20627,16 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 trace logs", - "Mail server", - "Email gateway", - "Authentication logs", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network" + "File: File Access", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1114", @@ -19928,7 +20710,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -19952,7 +20735,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1161", "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Wardle-Writing-Bad-A-Malware-For-OS-X.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf" + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf" ] }, "related": [ @@ -19999,9 +20782,9 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Data loss prevention", - "Process command-line parameters" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -20023,10 +20806,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Anti-virus", - "Email gateway", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Web logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -20053,9 +20835,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -20078,10 +20859,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -20125,9 +20903,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -20151,7 +20928,6 @@ "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/564.html", "https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/CreatingLoginItems.html", "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf", "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-analysis/2017/04/new-osx-dok-malware-intercepts-web-traffic/" ] }, @@ -20241,10 +21017,8 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -20333,23 +21107,18 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 account logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "User Account: User Account Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure AD", - "Azure", - "Office 365" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1136", @@ -20662,11 +21431,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Process monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" ], @@ -20687,9 +21451,11 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Kernel drivers", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Drive: Drive Access", + "Drive: Drive Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -20775,7 +21541,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1157", "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/471.html", "https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Wardle-Writing-Bad-A-Malware-For-OS-X.pdf", - "https://www.rsaconference.com/writable/presentations/file_upload/ht-r03-malware-persistence-on-os-x-yosemite_final.pdf" + "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf" ] }, "related": [ @@ -20798,23 +21564,21 @@ "mitre-attack:discovery" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Stackdriver logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Firewall: Firewall Metadata", + "Firewall: Firewall Enumeration", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518", @@ -20853,18 +21617,18 @@ "value": "Launch Agent - T1159" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse Internet browser extensions to establish persistence access to victim systems. Browser extensions or plugins are small programs that can add functionality and customize aspects of Internet browsers. They can be installed directly or through a browser's app store and generally have access and permissions to everything that the browser can access. (Citation: Wikipedia Browser Extension) (Citation: Chrome Extensions Definition)\n\nMalicious extensions can be installed into a browser through malicious app store downloads masquerading as legitimate extensions, through social engineering, or by an adversary that has already compromised a system. Security can be limited on browser app stores so it may not be difficult for malicious extensions to defeat automated scanners. (Citation: Malicious Chrome Extension Numbers) Once the extension is installed, it can browse to websites in the background, (Citation: Chrome Extension Crypto Miner) (Citation: ICEBRG Chrome Extensions) steal all information that a user enters into a browser (including credentials) (Citation: Banker Google Chrome Extension Steals Creds) (Citation: Catch All Chrome Extension) and be used as an installer for a RAT for persistence.\n\nThere have also been instances of botnets using a persistent backdoor through malicious Chrome extensions. (Citation: Stantinko Botnet) There have also been similar examples of extensions being used for command & control (Citation: Chrome Extension C2 Malware).", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse Internet browser extensions to establish persistent access to victim systems. Browser extensions or plugins are small programs that can add functionality and customize aspects of Internet browsers. They can be installed directly or through a browser's app store and generally have access and permissions to everything that the browser can access.(Citation: Wikipedia Browser Extension)(Citation: Chrome Extensions Definition)\n\nMalicious extensions can be installed into a browser through malicious app store downloads masquerading as legitimate extensions, through social engineering, or by an adversary that has already compromised a system. Security can be limited on browser app stores so it may not be difficult for malicious extensions to defeat automated scanners.(Citation: Malicious Chrome Extension Numbers) Depending on the browser, adversaries may also manipulate an extension's update url to install updates from an adversary controlled server or manipulate the mobile configuration file to silently install additional extensions.\n\nPrevious to macOS 11, adversaries could silently install browser extensions via the command line using the profiles tool to install malicious .mobileconfig files. In macOS 11+, the use of the profiles tool can no longer install configuration profiles, however .mobileconfig files can be planted and installed with user interaction.(Citation: xorrior chrome extensions macOS)\n\nOnce the extension is installed, it can browse to websites in the background,(Citation: Chrome Extension Crypto Miner)(Citation: ICEBRG Chrome Extensions) steal all information that a user enters into a browser (including credentials)(Citation: Banker Google Chrome Extension Steals Creds)(Citation: Catch All Chrome Extension) and be used as an installer for a RAT for persistence.\n\nThere have also been instances of botnets using a persistent backdoor through malicious Chrome extensions.(Citation: Stantinko Botnet) There have also been similar examples of extensions being used for command & control.(Citation: Chrome Extension C2 Malware)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1176", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Browser extensions" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -20876,6 +21640,7 @@ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Browser_extension", "https://developer.chrome.com/extensions", "https://static.googleusercontent.com/media/research.google.com/en//pubs/archive/43824.pdf", + "https://www.xorrior.com/No-Place-Like-Chrome/", "https://www.ghacks.net/2017/09/19/first-chrome-extension-with-javascript-crypto-miner-detected/", "https://www.icebrg.io/blog/malicious-chrome-extensions-enable-criminals-to-impact-over-half-a-million-users-and-global-businesses", "https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/BankerGoogleChromeExtensiontargetingBrazil/22722/", @@ -20968,10 +21733,11 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Network device logs", - "Process use of network" + "File: File Access", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -20991,7 +21757,7 @@ "value": "Forced Authentication - T1187" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse BITS jobs to persistently execute or clean up after malicious payloads. Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a low-bandwidth, asynchronous file transfer mechanism exposed through [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM). (Citation: Microsoft COM) (Citation: Microsoft BITS) BITS is commonly used by updaters, messengers, and other applications preferred to operate in the background (using available idle bandwidth) without interrupting other networked applications. File transfer tasks are implemented as BITS jobs, which contain a queue of one or more file operations.\n\nThe interface to create and manage BITS jobs is accessible through [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) (Citation: Microsoft BITS) and the [BITSAdmin](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0190) tool. (Citation: Microsoft BITSAdmin)\n\nAdversaries may abuse BITS to download, execute, and even clean up after running malicious code. BITS tasks are self-contained in the BITS job database, without new files or registry modifications, and often permitted by host firewalls. (Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016) (Citation: Mondok Windows PiggyBack BITS May 2007) (Citation: Symantec BITS May 2007) BITS enabled execution may also enable persistence by creating long-standing jobs (the default maximum lifetime is 90 days and extendable) or invoking an arbitrary program when a job completes or errors (including after system reboots). (Citation: PaloAlto UBoatRAT Nov 2017) (Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)\n\nBITS upload functionalities can also be used to perform [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048). (Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse BITS jobs to persistently execute or clean up after malicious payloads. Windows Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) is a low-bandwidth, asynchronous file transfer mechanism exposed through [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM).(Citation: Microsoft COM)(Citation: Microsoft BITS) BITS is commonly used by updaters, messengers, and other applications preferred to operate in the background (using available idle bandwidth) without interrupting other networked applications. File transfer tasks are implemented as BITS jobs, which contain a queue of one or more file operations.\n\nThe interface to create and manage BITS jobs is accessible through [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) and the [BITSAdmin](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0190) tool.(Citation: Microsoft BITS)(Citation: Microsoft BITSAdmin)\n\nAdversaries may abuse BITS to download, execute, and even clean up after running malicious code. BITS tasks are self-contained in the BITS job database, without new files or registry modifications, and often permitted by host firewalls.(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)(Citation: Mondok Windows PiggyBack BITS May 2007)(Citation: Symantec BITS May 2007) BITS enabled execution may also enable persistence by creating long-standing jobs (the default maximum lifetime is 90 days and extendable) or invoking an arbitrary program when a job completes or errors (including after system reboots).(Citation: PaloAlto UBoatRAT Nov 2017)(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)\n\nBITS upload functionalities can also be used to perform [Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1048).(Citation: CTU BITS Malware June 2016)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1197", "kill_chain": [ @@ -20999,10 +21765,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Packet capture", - "Windows event logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -21016,38 +21782,35 @@ "https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2007/05/malware-piggybacks-on-windows-background-intelligent-transfer-service/", "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/malware-update-windows-update", "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/11/unit42-uboatrat-navigates-east-asia/", - "https://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd939934.aspx" + "https://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd939934.aspx", + "https://www.elastic.co/blog/hunting-for-persistence-using-elastic-security-part-1" ] }, "uuid": "c8e87b83-edbb-48d4-9295-4974897525b7", "value": "BITS Jobs - T1197" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may breach or otherwise leverage organizations who have access to intended victims. Access through trusted third party relationship exploits an existing connection that may not be protected or receives less scrutiny than standard mechanisms of gaining access to a network.\n\nOrganizations often grant elevated access to second or third-party external providers in order to allow them to manage internal systems as well as cloud-based environments. Some examples of these relationships include IT services contractors, managed security providers, infrastructure contractors (e.g. HVAC, elevators, physical security). The third-party provider's access may be intended to be limited to the infrastructure being maintained, but may exist on the same network as the rest of the enterprise. As such, [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) used by the other party for access to internal network systems may be compromised and used.", + "description": "Adversaries may breach or otherwise leverage organizations who have access to intended victims. Access through trusted third party relationship exploits an existing connection that may not be protected or receives less scrutiny than standard mechanisms of gaining access to a network.\n\nOrganizations often grant elevated access to second or third-party external providers in order to allow them to manage internal systems as well as cloud-based environments. Some examples of these relationships include IT services contractors, managed security providers, infrastructure contractors (e.g. HVAC, elevators, physical security). The third-party provider's access may be intended to be limited to the infrastructure being maintained, but may exist on the same network as the rest of the enterprise. As such, [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078) used by the other party for access to internal network systems may be compromised and used.(Citation: CISA IT Service Providers)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1199", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Application logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Third-party application logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Metadata", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", "Windows", - "macOS", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199" + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/APTs-Targeting-IT-Service-Provider-Customers" ] }, "uuid": "9fa07bef-9c81-421e-a8e5-ad4366c5a925", @@ -21144,25 +21907,22 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Authentication logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Windows event logs", - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Access", + "Process: Process Creation", + "User Account: User Account Authentication", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Azure AD", + "Office 365", + "SaaS", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure", - "Office 365", - "Azure AD", - "SaaS" + "Google Workspace", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552" @@ -21179,26 +21939,25 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "GCP audit logs", - "Azure activity logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Anti-virus", - "Services", - "API monitoring", - "Environment variable", - "Authentication logs", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry" + "Process: Process Termination", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Deletion", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Sensor Health: Host Status", + "Script: Script Execution", + "Firewall: Firewall Disable", + "Firewall: Firewall Rule Modification", + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Modification", + "Cloud Service: Cloud Service Disable" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", "Windows", + "Office 365", + "IaaS", + "Linux", "macOS", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1562" @@ -21215,11 +21974,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Network protocol analysis", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21316,20 +22073,17 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "DNS records", - "Anti-virus", - "Web proxy", - "File monitoring", - "Mail server", - "Office 365 trace logs" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", "macOS", "Linux", "Office 365", - "SaaS" + "SaaS", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1534", @@ -21362,12 +22116,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Malware reverse engineering", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21385,7 +22134,7 @@ "value": "Encrypted Channel - T1573" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.\n\nUse of these infrastructure solutions allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact to third-party web services. Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent infrastructure that can be used during targeting. A wide variety of infrastructure exists for hosting and orchestrating adversary operations. Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services.(Citation: TrendmicroHideoutsLease) Additionally, botnets are available for rent or purchase.\n\nUse of these infrastructure solutions allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. Solutions may help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact to third-party web services. Depending on the implementation, adversaries may use infrastructure that makes it difficult to physically tie back to them as well as utilize infrastructure that can be rapidly provisioned, modified, and shut down.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583", "kill_chain": [ @@ -21432,12 +22181,21 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "PowerShell logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Creation", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Metadata", + "User Account: User Account Creation", + "User Account: User Account Metadata", + "File: File Modification", + "Script: Script Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Service: Service Creation", + "File: File Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21456,7 +22214,7 @@ "value": "Hide Artifacts - T1564" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services. Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.\n\nUse of compromised infrastructure allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise third-party infrastructure that can be used during targeting. Infrastructure solutions include physical or cloud servers, domains, and third-party web services. Instead of buying, leasing, or renting infrastructure an adversary may compromise infrastructure and use it during other phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking)(Citation: Talos DNSpionage Nov 2018)(Citation: FireEye EPS Awakens Part 2) Additionally, adversaries may compromise numerous machines to form a botnet they can leverage.\n\nUse of compromised infrastructure allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. Compromised infrastructure can help adversary operations blend in with traffic that is seen as normal, such as contact with high reputation or trusted sites. By using compromised infrastructure, adversaries may make it difficult to tie their actions back to them. Prior to targeting, adversaries may compromise the infrastructure of other adversaries.(Citation: NSA NCSC Turla OilRig)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584", "kill_chain": [ @@ -21478,21 +22236,28 @@ "value": "Compromise Infrastructure - T1584" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and network resources. Data destruction is likely to render stored data irrecoverable by forensic techniques through overwriting files or data on local and remote drives.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Common operating system file deletion commands such as del and rm often only remove pointers to files without wiping the contents of the files themselves, making the files recoverable by proper forensic methodology. This behavior is distinct from [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) and [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) because individual files are destroyed rather than sections of a storage disk or the disk's logical structure.\n\nAdversaries may attempt to overwrite files and directories with randomly generated data to make it irrecoverable.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) In some cases politically oriented image files have been used to overwrite data.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware designed for destroying data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)", + "description": "Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems or in large numbers on a network to interrupt availability to systems, services, and network resources. Data destruction is likely to render stored data irrecoverable by forensic techniques through overwriting files or data on local and remote drives.(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Common operating system file deletion commands such as del and rm often only remove pointers to files without wiping the contents of the files themselves, making the files recoverable by proper forensic methodology. This behavior is distinct from [Disk Content Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/001) and [Disk Structure Wipe](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1561/002) because individual files are destroyed rather than sections of a storage disk or the disk's logical structure.\n\nAdversaries may attempt to overwrite files and directories with randomly generated data to make it irrecoverable.(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Unit 42 Shamoon3 2018) In some cases politically oriented image files have been used to overwrite data.(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)\n\nTo maximize impact on the target organization in operations where network-wide availability interruption is the goal, malware designed for destroying data may have worm-like features to propagate across a network by leveraging additional techniques like [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078), [OS Credential Dumping](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1003), and [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002).(Citation: Symantec Shamoon 2012)(Citation: FireEye Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Palo Alto Shamoon Nov 2016)(Citation: Kaspersky StoneDrill 2017)(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018).\n\nIn cloud environments, adversaries may leverage access to delete cloud storage, cloud storage accounts, machine images, and other infrastructure crucial to operations to damage an organization or their customers.(Citation: Data Destruction - Threat Post)(Citation: DOJ - Cisco Insider)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1485", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Deletion", + "Image: Image Deletion", + "Instance: Instance Deletion", + "Snapshot: Snapshot Deletion", + "Cloud Storage: Cloud Storage Deletion", + "Volume: Volume Deletion" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "IaaS", "Linux", - "macOS", - "Windows" + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485", @@ -21501,7 +22266,9 @@ "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2016/11/unit42-shamoon-2-return-disttrack-wiper/", "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/07180722/Report_Shamoon_StoneDrill_final.pdf", "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/shamoon-3-targets-oil-gas-organization/", - "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/02/olympic-destroyer.html" + "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/02/olympic-destroyer.html", + "https://threatpost.com/hacker-puts-hosting-service-code-spaces-out-of-business/106761/", + "https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndca/pr/san-jose-man-pleads-guilty-damaging-cisco-s-network" ] }, "uuid": "d45a3d09-b3cf-48f4-9f0f-f521ee5cb05c", @@ -21515,8 +22282,7 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "BIOS", - "Component firmware" + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21533,51 +22299,54 @@ "value": "Firmware Corruption - T1495" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems in order to solve resource intensive problems which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. \n\nOne common purpose for Resource Hijacking is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for Resource Hijacking and cryptocurrency mining.", + "description": "Adversaries may leverage the resources of co-opted systems in order to solve resource intensive problems which may impact system and/or hosted service availability. \n\nOne common purpose for Resource Hijacking is to validate transactions of cryptocurrency networks and earn virtual currency. Adversaries may consume enough system resources to negatively impact and/or cause affected machines to become unresponsive.(Citation: Kaspersky Lazarus Under The Hood Blog 2017) Servers and cloud-based(Citation: CloudSploit - Unused AWS Regions) systems are common targets because of the high potential for available resources, but user endpoint systems may also be compromised and used for Resource Hijacking and cryptocurrency mining. Containerized environments may also be targeted due to the ease of deployment via exposed APIs and the potential for scaling mining activities by deploying or compromising multiple containers within an environment or cluster.(Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)(Citation: Trend Micro Exposed Docker APIs)\n\nAdditionally, some cryptocurrency mining malware kills off processes for competing malware to ensure it’s not competing for resources.(Citation: Trend Micro War of Crypto Miners)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1496", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Azure activity logs", - "Stackdriver logs", - "AWS CloudTrail logs", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Network device logs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Sensor Health: Host Status" ], "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "IaaS", "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1496", "https://securelist.com/lazarus-under-the-hood/77908/", - "https://blog.cloudsploit.com/the-danger-of-unused-aws-regions-af0bf1b878fc" + "https://blog.cloudsploit.com/the-danger-of-unused-aws-regions-af0bf1b878fc", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hildegard-malware-teamtnt/", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/19/e/infected-cryptocurrency-mining-containers-target-docker-hosts-with-exposed-apis-use-shodan-to-find-additional-victims.html", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/i/war-of-linux-cryptocurrency-miners-a-battle-for-resources.html" ] }, "uuid": "cd25c1b4-935c-4f0e-ba8d-552f28bc4783", "value": "Resource Hijacking - T1496" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users. Stopping critical services can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) \n\nAdversaries may accomplish this by disabling individual services of high importance to an organization, such as MSExchangeIS, which will make Exchange content inaccessible (Citation: Novetta Blockbuster). In some cases, adversaries may stop or disable many or all services to render systems unusable.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Services may not allow for modification of their data stores while running. Adversaries may stop services in order to conduct [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) on the data stores of services like Exchange and SQL Server.(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)", + "description": "Adversaries may stop or disable services on a system to render those services unavailable to legitimate users. Stopping critical services or processes can inhibit or stop response to an incident or aid in the adversary's overall objectives to cause damage to the environment.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: Novetta Blockbuster) \n\nAdversaries may accomplish this by disabling individual services of high importance to an organization, such as MSExchangeIS, which will make Exchange content inaccessible (Citation: Novetta Blockbuster). In some cases, adversaries may stop or disable many or all services to render systems unusable.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Services or processes may not allow for modification of their data stores while running. Adversaries may stop services or processes in order to conduct [Data Destruction](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1485) or [Data Encrypted for Impact](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1486) on the data stores of services like Exchange and SQL Server.(Citation: SecureWorks WannaCry Analysis)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1489", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "API monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Termination" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -21602,10 +22371,13 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network protocol analysis", - "File monitoring", - "Application logs" + "File: File Metadata", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Deletion", + "File: File Modification", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21640,15 +22412,12 @@ "value": "Native Code - T1575" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nFor operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", + "description": "Adversaries may create and cultivate accounts with services that can be used during targeting. Adversaries can create accounts that can be used to build a persona to further operations. Persona development consists of the development of public information, presence, history and appropriate affiliations. This development could be applied to social media, website, or other publicly available information that could be referenced and scrutinized for legitimacy over the course of an operation using that persona or identity.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nFor operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. These personas may be fictitious or impersonate real people. The persona may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, GitHub, Docker Hub, etc.). Establishing a persona may require development of additional documentation to make them seem real. This could include filling out profile information, developing social networks, or incorporating photos.(Citation: NEWSCASTER2014)(Citation: BlackHatRobinSage)\n\nEstablishing accounts can also include the creation of accounts with email providers, which may be directly leveraged for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1585", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Social media monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -21663,15 +22432,15 @@ "value": "Establish Accounts - T1585" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.\n\nAdversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", + "description": "Adversaries may execute active reconnaissance scans to gather information that can be used during targeting. Active scans are those where the adversary probes victim infrastructure via network traffic, as opposed to other forms of reconnaissance that do not involve direct interaction.\n\nAdversaries may perform different forms of active scanning depending on what information they seek to gather. These scans can also be performed in various ways, including using native features of network protocols such as ICMP.(Citation: Botnet Scan)(Citation: OWASP Fingerprinting) Information from these scans may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1595", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:reconnaissance" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Network device logs" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" @@ -21686,15 +22455,12 @@ "value": "Active Scanning - T1595" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. \n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nPersonas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.\n\nAdversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise accounts with services that can be used during targeting. For operations incorporating social engineering, the utilization of an online persona may be important. Rather than creating and cultivating accounts (i.e. [Establish Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1585)), adversaries may compromise existing accounts. Utilizing an existing persona may engender a level of trust in a potential victim if they have a relationship, or knowledge of, the compromised persona. \n\nA variety of methods exist for compromising accounts, such as gathering credentials via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598), purchasing credentials from third-party sites, or by brute forcing credentials (ex: password reuse from breach credential dumps).(Citation: AnonHBGary) Prior to compromising accounts, adversaries may conduct Reconnaissance to inform decisions about which accounts to compromise to further their operation.\n\nPersonas may exist on a single site or across multiple sites (ex: Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google, etc.). Compromised accounts may require additional development, this could include filling out or modifying profile information, further developing social networks, or incorporating photos.\n\nAdversaries may directly leverage compromised email accounts for [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598) or [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1586", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Social media monitoring" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -21714,9 +22480,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Web logs", - "DNS records" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21742,10 +22508,11 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Creation", + "File: File Modification", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -21759,7 +22526,7 @@ "value": "System Services - T1569" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", + "description": "Adversaries may build capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than purchasing, freely downloading, or stealing capabilities, adversaries may develop their own capabilities in-house. This is the process of identifying development requirements and building solutions such as malware, exploits, and self-signed certificates. Adversaries may develop capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: Bitdefender StrongPity June 2020)(Citation: Talos Promethium June 2020)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing capabilities. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the capability.", "meta": { "external_id": "T1587", "kill_chain": [ @@ -21780,7 +22547,7 @@ "value": "Develop Capabilities - T1587" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.\n\nIn addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)\n\nIn addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", + "description": "Adversaries may buy and/or steal capabilities that can be used during targeting. Rather than developing their own capabilities in-house, adversaries may purchase, freely download, or steal them. Activities may include the acquisition of malware, software (including licenses), exploits, certificates, and information relating to vulnerabilities. Adversaries may obtain capabilities to support their operations throughout numerous phases of the adversary lifecycle.\n\nIn addition to downloading free malware, software, and exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware and exploits, criminal marketplaces, or from individuals.(Citation: NationsBuying)(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)\n\nIn addition to purchasing capabilities, adversaries may steal capabilities from third-party entities (including other adversaries). This can include stealing software licenses, malware, SSL/TLS and code-signing certificates, or raiding closed databases of vulnerabilities or exploits.(Citation: DiginotarCompromise)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588", "kill_chain": [ @@ -21808,9 +22575,10 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -21834,10 +22602,12 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -21860,72 +22630,6 @@ "uuid": "34f1d81d-fe88-4f97-bd3b-a3164536255d", "value": "Add-ins - T1137.006" }, - { - "description": "Adversaries may use rc.common automatically executed at boot initialization to establish persistence. During the boot process, macOS executes source /etc/rc.common, which is a shell script containing various utility functions. This file also defines routines for processing command-line arguments and for gathering system settings and is thus recommended to include in the start of Startup Item Scripts (Citation: Startup Items). In macOS and OS X, this is now a deprecated mechanism in favor of [Launch Agent](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/001) and [Launch Daemon](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1543/004) but is currently still used.\n\nAdversaries can use the rc.common file as a way to hide code for persistence that will execute on each reboot as the root user. (Citation: Methods of Mac Malware Persistence)", - "meta": { - "external_id": "T1037.004", - "kill_chain": [ - "mitre-attack:persistence", - "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" - ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" - ], - "mitre_platforms": [ - "macOS" - ], - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1037/004", - "https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/StartupItems.html", - "https://www.virusbulletin.com/uploads/pdf/conference/vb2014/VB2014-Wardle.pdf" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "03259939-0b57-482f-8eb5-87c0e0d54334", - "type": "subtechnique-of" - } - ], - "uuid": "dca670cf-eeec-438f-8185-fd959d9ef211", - "value": "Rc.common - T1037.004" - }, - { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse JavaScript and/or JScript for execution. JavaScript (JS) is a platform-agnostic scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS)\n\nJScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard. JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nAdversaries may abuse JavaScript / JScript to execute various behaviors. Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads. Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027).", - "meta": { - "external_id": "T1059.007", - "kill_chain": [ - "mitre-attack:execution" - ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Loaded DLLs", - "DLL monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" - ], - "mitre_platforms": [ - "Windows", - "macOS", - "Linux" - ], - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007", - "https://nodejs.org/", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/com/translating-to-jscript", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/archive/blogs/gauravseth/the-world-of-jscript-javascript-ecmascript", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/scripting/winscript/windows-script-interfaces" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", - "type": "subtechnique-of" - } - ], - "uuid": "0f4a0c76-ab2d-4cb0-85d3-3f0efb8cba0d", - "value": "JavaScript/JScript - T1059.007" - }, { "description": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvcs and Regasm to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. Regsvcs and Regasm are Windows command-line utilities that are used to register .NET [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) (COM) assemblies. Both are digitally signed by Microsoft. (Citation: MSDN Regsvcs) (Citation: MSDN Regasm)\n\nBoth utilities may be used to bypass application control through use of attributes within the binary to specify code that should be run before registration or unregistration: [ComRegisterFunction] or [ComUnregisterFunction] respectively. The code with the registration and unregistration attributes will be executed even if the process is run under insufficient privileges and fails to execute. (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvcs)(Citation: LOLBAS Regasm)", "meta": { @@ -21934,8 +22638,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -21965,10 +22669,7 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Network protocol analysis" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -21990,17 +22691,15 @@ "value": "Steganography - T1001.002" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights. By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in %SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory)\n\nIn addition to looking NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, attackers may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015)\n\nThe following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes.\n\n* Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy\n", + "description": "Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights. By default, the NTDS file (NTDS.dit) is located in %SystemRoot%\\NTDS\\Ntds.dit of a domain controller.(Citation: Wikipedia Active Directory)\n\nIn addition to looking for NTDS files on active Domain Controllers, attackers may search for backups that contain the same or similar information.(Citation: Metcalf 2015)\n\nThe following tools and techniques can be used to enumerate the NTDS file and the contents of the entire Active Directory hashes.\n\n* Volume Shadow Copy\n* secretsdump.py\n* Using the in-built Windows tool, ntdsutil.exe\n* Invoke-NinjaCopy\n", "meta": { "external_id": "T1003.003", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring" + "File: File Access", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22028,7 +22727,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Object Access", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22064,9 +22765,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Metadata" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22095,10 +22795,9 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Process use of network", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22127,9 +22826,9 @@ "mitre-attack:lateral-movement" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22158,11 +22857,8 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "DNS records", - "Process monitoring", - "Process use of network", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22194,9 +22890,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process monitoring", - "API monitoring" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Driver: Driver Load", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -22228,13 +22924,10 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "PowerShell logs", - "Loaded DLLs", - "File monitoring", - "DLL monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22267,7 +22960,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Binary file metadata" + "File: File Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22298,9 +22991,9 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "API monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Process: OS API Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -22323,7 +23016,7 @@ "value": "AppleScript - T1059.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's DNS that can be used during targeting. DNS information may include a variety of details, including registered name servers as well as records that outline addressing for a target’s subdomains, mail servers, and other hosts.\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as querying or otherwise collecting details via [DNS/Passive DNS](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596/001). DNS information may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)).(Citation: DNS Dumpster)(Citation: Circl Passive DNS) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596), [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593), or [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1590.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22357,8 +23050,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22387,9 +23082,10 @@ "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring" + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -22417,10 +23113,8 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "System calls", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "API monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -22440,6 +23134,46 @@ "uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", "value": "Python - T1059.006" }, + { + "description": "Adversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript for execution. JavaScript (JS) is a platform-independent scripting language (compiled just-in-time at runtime) commonly associated with scripts in webpages, though JS can be executed in runtime environments outside the browser.(Citation: NodeJS)\n\nJScript is the Microsoft implementation of the same scripting standard. JScript is interpreted via the Windows Script engine and thus integrated with many components of Windows such as the [Component Object Model](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1559/001) and Internet Explorer HTML Application (HTA) pages.(Citation: JScrip May 2018)(Citation: Microsoft JScript 2007)(Citation: Microsoft Windows Scripts)\n\nJavaScript for Automation (JXA) is a macOS scripting language based on JavaScript, included as part of Apple’s Open Scripting Architecture (OSA), that was introduced in OSX 10.10. Apple’s OSA provides scripting capabilities to control applications, interface with the operating system, and bridge access into the rest of Apple’s internal APIs. As of OSX 10.10, OSA only supports two languages, JXA and [AppleScript](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/002). Scripts can be executed via the command line utility osascript, they can be compiled into applications or script files via osacompile, and they can be compiled and executed in memory of other programs by leveraging the OSAKit Framework.(Citation: Apple About Mac Scripting 2016)(Citation: SpecterOps JXA 2020)(Citation: SentinelOne macOS Red Team)(Citation: Red Canary Silver Sparrow Feb2021)(Citation: MDSec macOS JXA and VSCode)\n\nAdversaries may abuse various implementations of JavaScript to execute various behaviors. Common uses include hosting malicious scripts on websites as part of a [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189) or downloading and executing these script files as secondary payloads. Since these payloads are text-based, it is also very common for adversaries to obfuscate their content as part of [Obfuscated Files or Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1027).", + "meta": { + "external_id": "T1059.007", + "kill_chain": [ + "mitre-attack:execution" + ], + "mitre_data_sources": [ + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Script: Script Execution" + ], + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "macOS", + "Linux" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/007", + "https://nodejs.org/", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/windows/win32/com/translating-to-jscript", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/archive/blogs/gauravseth/the-world-of-jscript-javascript-ecmascript", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/scripting/winscript/windows-script-interfaces", + "https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/LanguagesUtilities/Conceptual/MacAutomationScriptingGuide/index.html", + "https://posts.specterops.io/persistent-jxa-66e1c3cd1cf5", + "https://www.sentinelone.com/blog/macos-red-team-calling-apple-apis-without-building-binaries/", + "https://redcanary.com/blog/clipping-silver-sparrows-wings/", + "https://www.mdsec.co.uk/2021/01/macos-post-exploitation-shenanigans-with-vscode-extensions/" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "type": "subtechnique-of" + } + ], + "uuid": "0f4a0c76-ab2d-4cb0-85d3-3f0efb8cba0d", + "value": "JavaScript - T1059.007" + }, { "description": "Adversaries may abuse Regsvr32.exe to proxy execution of malicious code. Regsvr32.exe is a command-line program used to register and unregister object linking and embedding controls, including dynamic link libraries (DLLs), on Windows systems. Regsvr32.exe is also a Microsoft signed binary. (Citation: Microsoft Regsvr32)\n\nMalicious usage of Regsvr32.exe may avoid triggering security tools that may not monitor execution of, and modules loaded by, the regsvr32.exe process because of allowlists or false positives from Windows using regsvr32.exe for normal operations. Regsvr32.exe can also be used to specifically bypass application control using functionality to load COM scriptlets to execute DLLs under user permissions. Since Regsvr32.exe is network and proxy aware, the scripts can be loaded by passing a uniform resource locator (URL) to file on an external Web server as an argument during invocation. This method makes no changes to the Registry as the COM object is not actually registered, only executed. (Citation: LOLBAS Regsvr32) This variation of the technique is often referred to as a \"Squiblydoo\" attack and has been used in campaigns targeting governments. (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016) (Citation: FireEye Regsvr32 Targeting Mongolian Gov)\n\nRegsvr32.exe can also be leveraged to register a COM Object used to establish persistence via [Component Object Model Hijacking](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1546/015). (Citation: Carbon Black Squiblydoo Apr 2016)", "meta": { @@ -22448,10 +23182,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22481,8 +23215,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Third-party application logs", - "Authentication logs" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "SaaS" @@ -22509,8 +23243,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Script: Script Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22530,14 +23265,15 @@ "value": "PubPrn - T1216.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. MSBuild.exe (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)\n\nAdversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)", + "description": "Adversaries may use MSBuild to proxy execution of code through a trusted Windows utility. MSBuild.exe (Microsoft Build Engine) is a software build platform used by Visual Studio. It handles XML formatted project files that define requirements for loading and building various platforms and configurations.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)\n\nAdversaries can abuse MSBuild to proxy execution of malicious code. The inline task capability of MSBuild that was introduced in .NET version 4 allows for C# or Visual Basic code to be inserted into an XML project file.(Citation: MSDN MSBuild)(Citation: Microsoft MSBuild Inline Tasks 2017) MSBuild will compile and execute the inline task. MSBuild.exe is a signed Microsoft binary, so when it is used this way it can execute arbitrary code and bypass application control defenses that are configured to allow MSBuild.exe execution.(Citation: LOLBAS Msbuild)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1127.001", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22545,6 +23281,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1127/001", "https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/dd393574.aspx", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/msbuild/msbuild-inline-tasks?view=vs-2019#code-element", "https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Msbuild/" ] }, @@ -22565,9 +23302,8 @@ "mitre-attack:collection" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Office 365 audit logs", - "Authentication logs", - "Application logs" + "Logon Session: Logon Session Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows", @@ -22595,10 +23331,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows event logs", - "Process use of network", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22630,8 +23365,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22659,9 +23394,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "File: File Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22688,7 +23424,7 @@ "value": "Mshta - T1218.005" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting. Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host hardware that can be used during targeting. Information about hardware infrastructure may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: card/biometric readers, dedicated encryption hardware, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: hostnames, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the hardware infrastructure may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Compromise Hardware Supply Chain](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195/003) or [Hardware Additions](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1200)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1592.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22712,16 +23448,17 @@ "value": "Hardware - T1592.001" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) Msiexec.exe is digitally signed by Microsoft.\n\nAdversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) Since it is signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse.", + "description": "Adversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to proxy execution of malicious payloads. Msiexec.exe is the command-line utility for the Windows Installer and is thus commonly associated with executing installation packages (.msi).(Citation: Microsoft msiexec) Msiexec.exe is digitally signed by Microsoft.\n\nAdversaries may abuse msiexec.exe to launch local or network accessible MSI files. Msiexec.exe can also execute DLLs.(Citation: LOLBAS Msiexec)(Citation: TrendMicro Msiexec Feb 2018) Since it is signed and native on Windows systems, msiexec.exe can be used to bypass application control solutions that do not account for its potential abuse. Msiexec.exe execution may also be elevated to SYSTEM privileges if the AlwaysInstallElevated policy is enabled.(Citation: Microsoft AlwaysInstallElevated 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1218.007", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22730,7 +23467,8 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/007", "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/msiexec", "https://lolbas-project.github.io/lolbas/Binaries/Msiexec/", - "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/attack-using-windows-installer-msiexec-exe-leads-lokibot/" + "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/attack-using-windows-installer-msiexec-exe-leads-lokibot/", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/msi/alwaysinstallelevated" ] }, "related": [ @@ -22750,9 +23488,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -22775,15 +23513,12 @@ "value": "Odbcconf - T1218.008" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may purchase domains that can be used during targeting. Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free.\n\nAdversaries can use purchased domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). Adversaries can also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) to create visually similar lookalike domains for use in operations.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)\n\nDomain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain. Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", + "description": "Adversaries may purchase domains that can be used during targeting. Domain names are the human readable names used to represent one or more IP addresses. They can be purchased or, in some cases, acquired for free.\n\nAdversaries can use purchased domains for a variety of purposes, including for [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566), [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189), and Command and Control.(Citation: CISA MSS Sep 2020) Adversaries may choose domains that are similar to legitimate domains, including through use of homoglyphs or use of a different top-level domain (TLD).(Citation: FireEye APT28)(Citation: PaypalScam) Typosquatting may be used to aid in delivery of payloads via [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189). Adversaries can also use internationalized domain names (IDNs) to create visually similar lookalike domains for use in operations.(Citation: CISA IDN ST05-016)\n\nDomain registrars each maintain a publicly viewable database that displays contact information for every registered domain. Private WHOIS services display alternative information, such as their own company data, rather than the owner of the domain. Adversaries may use such private WHOIS services to obscure information about who owns a purchased domain. Adversaries may further interrupt efforts to track their infrastructure by using varied registration information and purchasing domains with different domain registrars.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-630", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:resource-development" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Domain registration" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "PRE" ], @@ -22807,7 +23542,7 @@ "value": "Domains - T1583.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting. Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking) An adversary may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain. The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration. Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources. In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020)", + "description": "Adversaries may hijack domains and/or subdomains that can be used during targeting. Domain registration hijacking is the act of changing the registration of a domain name without the permission of the original registrant.(Citation: ICANNDomainNameHijacking) An adversary may gain access to an email account for the person listed as the owner of the domain. The adversary can then claim that they forgot their password in order to make changes to the domain registration. Other possibilities include social engineering a domain registration help desk to gain access to an account or taking advantage of renewal process gaps.\n\nSubdomain hijacking can occur when organizations have DNS entries that point to non-existent or deprovisioned resources. In such cases, an adversary may take control of a subdomain to conduct operations with the benefit of the trust associated with that domain.(Citation: Microsoft Sub Takeover 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22839,11 +23574,9 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "PowerShell logs", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "System calls", - "API monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: OS API Execution", + "File: File Access" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -22871,9 +23604,10 @@ "mitre-attack:execution" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Command: Command Execution", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Service: Service Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -22894,7 +23628,7 @@ "value": "Launchctl - T1569.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware.\n\nSome aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)", + "description": "Adversaries may develop malware and malware components that can be used during targeting. Building malicious software can include the development of payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors (including backdoored images), packers, C2 protocols, and the creation of infected removable media. Adversaries may develop malware to support their operations, creating a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.(Citation: Mandiant APT1)(Citation: Kaspersky Sofacy)(Citation: ActiveMalwareEnergy)(Citation: FBI Flash FIN7 USB)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing malware. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's malware development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains a degree of exclusivity to the malware.\n\nSome aspects of malware development, such as C2 protocol development, may require adversaries to obtain additional infrastructure. For example, malware developed that will communicate with Twitter for C2, may require use of [Web Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/006).(Citation: FireEye APT29)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1587.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22922,7 +23656,7 @@ "value": "Malware - T1587.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.\n\nIn addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals. In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download malware that can be used during targeting. Malicious software can include payloads, droppers, post-compromise tools, backdoors, packers, and C2 protocols. Adversaries may acquire malware to support their operations, obtaining a means for maintaining control of remote machines, evading defenses, and executing post-compromise behaviors.\n\nIn addition to downloading free malware from the internet, adversaries may purchase these capabilities from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in malware development, criminal marketplaces (including Malware-as-a-Service, or MaaS), or from individuals. In addition to purchasing malware, adversaries may steal and repurpose malware from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22945,7 +23679,7 @@ "value": "Malware - T1588.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting. Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.\n\nAdversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets. Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather credentials that can be used during targeting. Account credentials gathered by adversaries may be those directly associated with the target victim organization or attempt to take advantage of the tendency for users to use the same passwords across personal and business accounts.\n\nAdversaries may gather credentials from potential victims in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect website authentication cookies from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Credential information may also be exposed to adversaries via leaks to online or other accessible data sets (ex: [Search Engines](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593/002), breach dumps, code repositories, etc.).(Citation: Register Deloitte)(Citation: Register Uber)(Citation: Detectify Slack Tokens)(Citation: Forbes GitHub Creds)(Citation: GitHub truffleHog)(Citation: GitHub Gitrob)(Citation: CNET Leaks) Adversaries may also purchase credentials from dark web or other black-markets. Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Compromise Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1586)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1589.001", "kill_chain": [ @@ -22976,7 +23710,7 @@ "value": "Credentials - T1589.001" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting. Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host software that can be used during targeting. Information about installed software may include a variety of details such as types and versions on specific hosts, as well as the presence of additional components that might be indicative of added defensive protections (ex: antivirus, SIEMs, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct collection actions via [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) (ex: listening ports, server banners, user agent strings) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Adversaries may also compromise sites then include malicious content designed to collect host information from visitors.(Citation: ATT ScanBox) Information about the installed software may also be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices). Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or for initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1592.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23008,9 +23742,7 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "VBR", - "MBR", - "API monitoring" + "Drive: Drive Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -23033,7 +23765,7 @@ "value": "Bootkit - T1542.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting. Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", + "description": "Adversaries may gather information about the victim's host firmware that can be used during targeting. Information about host firmware may include a variety of details such as type and versions on specific hosts, which may be used to infer more information about hosts in the environment (ex: configuration, purpose, age/patch level, etc.).\n\nAdversaries may gather this information in various ways, such as direct elicitation via [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598). Information about host firmware may only be exposed to adversaries via online or other accessible data sets (ex: job postings, network maps, assessment reports, resumes, or purchase invoices).(Citation: ArsTechnica Intel) Gathering this information may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593) or [Search Open Technical Databases](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1596)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Develop Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587) or [Obtain Capabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588)), and/or initial access (ex: [Supply Chain Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1195) or [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1592.003", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23065,10 +23797,7 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Network protocol analysis", - "Packet capture" + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Network" @@ -23097,10 +23826,11 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Windows Registry", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -23121,7 +23851,7 @@ "value": "Screensaver - T1546.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS)\n\nAdversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search public WHOIS data for information about victims that can be used during targeting. WHOIS data is stored by regional Internet registries (RIR) responsible for allocating and assigning Internet resources such as domain names. Anyone can query WHOIS servers for information about a registered domain, such as assigned IP blocks, contact information, and DNS nameservers.(Citation: WHOIS)\n\nAdversaries may search WHOIS data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources or command-line utilities to pillage through WHOIS data for information about potential victims. Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Phishing for Information](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1598)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [External Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1133) or [Trusted Relationship](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1199)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23145,7 +23875,7 @@ "value": "WHOIS - T1596.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting. Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154). Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019)\n\nAdversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors. In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download software tools that can be used during targeting. Tools can be open or closed source, free or commercial. A tool can be used for malicious purposes by an adversary, but (unlike malware) were not intended to be used for those purposes (ex: [PsExec](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0029)). Tool acquisition can involve the procurement of commercial software licenses, including for red teaming tools such as [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154). Commercial software may be obtained through purchase, stealing licenses (or licensed copies of the software), or cracking trial versions.(Citation: Recorded Future Beacon 2019)\n\nAdversaries may obtain tools to support their operations, including to support execution of post-compromise behaviors. In addition to freely downloading or purchasing software, adversaries may steal software and/or software licenses from third-party entities (including other adversaries).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.002", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23169,7 +23899,7 @@ "value": "Tool - T1588.002" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers that can be used during targeting. Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations.\n\nAdversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure. Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent physical servers that can be used during targeting. Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. Instead of compromising a third-party [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584/004) or renting a [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may opt to configure and run their own servers in support of operations.\n\nAdversaries may only need a lightweight setup if most of their activities will take place using online infrastructure. Or, they may need to build extensive infrastructure if they want to test, communicate, and control other aspects of their activities on their own systems.(Citation: NYTStuxnet)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23193,7 +23923,7 @@ "value": "Server - T1583.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service. With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter)", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, lease, or rent a network of compromised systems that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Adversaries may purchase a subscription to use an existing botnet from a booter/stresser service. With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire)(Citation: Krebs-Anna)(Citation: Krebs-Bazaar)(Citation: Krebs-Booter)", "meta": { "external_id": "T1583.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23228,8 +23958,7 @@ "mitre-attack:credential-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Authentication logs", - "Windows event logs" + "Active Directory: Active Directory Credential Request" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -23256,7 +23985,7 @@ "value": "Kerberoasting - T1558.003" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting. Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations.\n\nAdversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise third-party servers that can be used during targeting. Use of servers allows an adversary to stage, launch, and execute an operation. During post-compromise activity, adversaries may utilize servers for various tasks, including for Command and Control. Instead of purchasing a [Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/004) or [Virtual Private Server](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583/003), adversaries may compromise third-party servers in support of operations.\n\nAdversaries may also compromise web servers to support watering hole operations, as in [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23287,9 +24016,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Creation", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS", @@ -23311,7 +24041,7 @@ "value": "Trap - T1546.005" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire), adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems. Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).", + "description": "Adversaries may compromise numerous third-party systems to form a botnet that can be used during targeting. A botnet is a network of compromised systems that can be instructed to perform coordinated tasks.(Citation: Norton Botnet) Instead of purchasing/renting a botnet from a booter/stresser service(Citation: Imperva DDoS for Hire), adversaries may build their own botnet by compromising numerous third-party systems. Adversaries may also conduct a takeover of an existing botnet, such as redirecting bots to adversary-controlled C2 servers.(Citation: Dell Dridex Oct 2015) With a botnet at their disposal, adversaries may perform follow-on activity such as large-scale [Phishing](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566) or Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1584.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23337,44 +24067,7 @@ "value": "Botnet - T1584.005" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking the dynamic linker used to load libraries. The dynamic linker is used to load shared library dependencies needed by an executing program. The dynamic linker will typically check provided absolute paths and common directories for these dependencies, but can be overridden by shared objects specified by LD_PRELOAD to be loaded before all others.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries)\n\nAdversaries may set LD_PRELOAD to point to malicious libraries that match the name of legitimate libraries which are requested by a victim program, causing the operating system to load the adversary's malicious code upon execution of the victim program. LD_PRELOAD can be set via the environment variable or /etc/ld.so.preload file.(Citation: Man LD.SO)(Citation: TLDP Shared Libraries) Libraries specified by LD_PRELOAD with be loaded and mapped into memory by dlopen() and mmap() respectively.(Citation: Code Injection on Linux and macOS) (Citation: Uninformed Needle) (Citation: Phrack halfdead 1997)\n\nLD_PRELOAD hijacking may grant access to the victim process's memory, system/network resources, and possibly elevated privileges. Execution via LD_PRELOAD hijacking may also evade detection from security products since the execution is masked under a legitimate process.", - "meta": { - "external_id": "CAPEC-640", - "kill_chain": [ - "mitre-attack:persistence", - "mitre-attack:privilege-escalation", - "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" - ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Environment variable" - ], - "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux" - ], - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1574/006", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/13.html", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/640.html", - "https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/ld.so.8.html", - "https://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Program-Library-HOWTO/shared-libraries.html", - "https://www.datawire.io/code-injection-on-linux-and-macos/", - "http://hick.org/code/skape/papers/needle.txt", - "http://phrack.org/issues/51/8.html" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "aedfca76-3b30-4866-b2aa-0f1d7fd1e4b6", - "type": "subtechnique-of" - } - ], - "uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", - "value": "LD_PRELOAD - T1574.006" - }, - { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting. CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers. CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor’s geographical region.\n\nAdversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN. Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization’s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)).", + "description": "Adversaries may search content delivery network (CDN) data about victims that can be used during targeting. CDNs allow an organization to host content from a distributed, load balanced array of servers. CDNs may also allow organizations to customize content delivery based on the requestor’s geographical region.\n\nAdversaries may search CDN data to gather actionable information. Threat actors can use online resources and lookup tools to harvest information about content servers within a CDN. Adversaries may also seek and target CDN misconfigurations that leak sensitive information not intended to be hosted and/or do not have the same protection mechanisms (ex: login portals) as the content hosted on the organization’s website.(Citation: DigitalShadows CDN) Information from these sources may reveal opportunities for other forms of reconnaissance (ex: [Active Scanning](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1595) or [Search Open Websites/Domains](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1593)), establishing operational resources (ex: [Acquire Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1583) or [Compromise Infrastructure](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1584)), and/or initial access (ex: [Drive-by Compromise](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1189)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1596.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23398,7 +24091,7 @@ "value": "CDNs - T1596.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting. An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts. As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation: Irongeek Sims BSides 2017)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit.\n\nAdversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", + "description": "Adversaries may develop exploits that can be used during targeting. An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. Rather than finding/modifying exploits from online or purchasing them from exploit vendors, an adversary may develop their own exploits.(Citation: NYTStuxnet) Adversaries may use information acquired via [Vulnerabilities](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/006) to focus exploit development efforts. As part of the exploit development process, adversaries may uncover exploitable vulnerabilities through methods such as fuzzing and patch analysis.(Citation: Irongeek Sims BSides 2017)\n\nAs with legitimate development efforts, different skill sets may be required for developing exploits. The skills needed may be located in-house, or may need to be contracted out. Use of a contractor may be considered an extension of that adversary's exploit development capabilities, provided the adversary plays a role in shaping requirements and maintains an initial degree of exclusivity to the exploit.\n\nAdversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1587.004", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23423,7 +24116,7 @@ "value": "Exploits - T1587.004" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting. An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying)\n\nIn addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation: Wired SandCat Oct 2019) In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)\n\nAn adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits. There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public. An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation.\n\nAdversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", + "description": "Adversaries may buy, steal, or download exploits that can be used during targeting. An exploit takes advantage of a bug or vulnerability in order to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur on computer hardware or software. Rather than developing their own exploits, an adversary may find/modify exploits from online or purchase them from exploit vendors.(Citation: Exploit Database)(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)(Citation: NationsBuying)\n\nIn addition to downloading free exploits from the internet, adversaries may purchase exploits from third-party entities. Third-party entities can include technology companies that specialize in exploit development, criminal marketplaces (including exploit kits), or from individuals.(Citation: PegasusCitizenLab)(Citation: Wired SandCat Oct 2019) In addition to purchasing exploits, adversaries may steal and repurpose exploits from third-party entities (including other adversaries).(Citation: TempertonDarkHotel)\n\nAn adversary may monitor exploit provider forums to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, exploits. There is usually a delay between when an exploit is discovered and when it is made public. An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct exploit research and development in order to gain that knowledge for use during a subsequent operation.\n\nAdversaries may use exploits during various phases of the adversary lifecycle (i.e. [Exploit Public-Facing Application](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1190), [Exploitation for Client Execution](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1203), [Exploitation for Privilege Escalation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1068), [Exploitation for Defense Evasion](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1211), [Exploitation for Credential Access](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1212), [Exploitation of Remote Services](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1210), and [Application or System Exploitation](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1499/004)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.005", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23451,7 +24144,7 @@ "value": "Exploits - T1588.005" }, { - "description": "Before compromising a victim, adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur. Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database)\n\nAn adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities. There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public. An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors). Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)).", + "description": "Adversaries may acquire information about vulnerabilities that can be used during targeting. A vulnerability is a weakness in computer hardware or software that can, potentially, be exploited by an adversary to cause unintended or unanticipated behavior to occur. Adversaries may find vulnerability information by searching open databases or gaining access to closed vulnerability databases.(Citation: National Vulnerability Database)\n\nAn adversary may monitor vulnerability disclosures/databases to understand the state of existing, as well as newly discovered, vulnerabilities. There is usually a delay between when a vulnerability is discovered and when it is made public. An adversary may target the systems of those known to conduct vulnerability research (including commercial vendors). Knowledge of a vulnerability may cause an adversary to search for an existing exploit (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1588/005)) or to attempt to develop one themselves (i.e. [Exploits](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1587/004)).", "meta": { "external_id": "T1588.006", "kill_chain": [ @@ -23482,10 +24175,9 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "DLL monitoring", - "Loaded DLLs", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Module: Module Load" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -23513,10 +24205,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process use of network", - "Process command-line parameters", - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -23549,10 +24239,10 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Windows Registry", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" + "Windows Registry: Windows Registry Key Modification", + "Process: Process Creation", + "Module: Module Load", + "Command: Command Execution" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" @@ -23586,7 +24276,10 @@ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring" + "Process: Process Creation", + "Command: Command Execution", + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "macOS" @@ -23661,11 +24354,9 @@ "mitre-attack:command-and-control" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Process use of network", - "Process monitoring", - "Netflow/Enclave netflow", - "Packet capture" + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Connection Creation", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -23690,9 +24381,8 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "BIOS", - "MBR", - "System calls" + "Drive: Drive Modification", + "Firmware: Firmware Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", @@ -23790,9 +24480,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:persistence" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "System calls" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Windows" ], @@ -23843,15 +24530,21 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process command-line parameters", - "File monitoring", - "Process monitoring", - "Binary file metadata" + "Image: Image Metadata", + "Command: Command Execution", + "Service: Service Metadata", + "Service: Service Creation", + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Metadata", + "Scheduled Job: Scheduled Job Modification", + "File: File Metadata", + "Process: Process Metadata", + "File: File Modification" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Containers" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1036", @@ -23872,11 +24565,6 @@ "mitre-attack:defense-evasion", "mitre-attack:execution" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", @@ -24087,11 +24775,6 @@ "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:execution" ], - "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Process monitoring", - "File monitoring", - "Process command-line parameters" - ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS" @@ -24155,18 +24838,16 @@ "mitre-attack:impact" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "Packet capture", - "Web application firewall logs", - "Web logs", - "Packet capture" + "File: File Modification", + "File: File Creation", + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ - "Linux", - "macOS", "Windows", - "AWS", - "GCP", - "Azure" + "IaaS", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1491" @@ -24312,33 +24993,30 @@ "value": "DNSCalc - T1324" }, { - "description": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.\n\nAdversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems or to gather credentials for use of [Valid Accounts](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1078). Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms.", + "description": "Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems. All forms of phishing are electronically delivered social engineering. Phishing can be targeted, known as spearphishing. In spearphishing, a specific individual, company, or industry will be targeted by the adversary. More generally, adversaries can conduct non-targeted phishing, such as in mass malware spam campaigns.\n\nAdversaries may send victims emails containing malicious attachments or links, typically to execute malicious code on victim systems. Phishing may also be conducted via third-party services, like social media platforms. Phishing may also involve social engineering techniques, such as posing as a trusted source.", "meta": { "external_id": "CAPEC-98", "kill_chain": [ "mitre-attack:initial-access" ], "mitre_data_sources": [ - "File monitoring", - "Packet capture", - "Web proxy", - "Email gateway", - "Mail server", - "Network intrusion detection system", - "Detonation chamber", - "SSL/TLS inspection", - "Anti-virus" + "Application Log: Application Log Content", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Flow", + "Network Traffic: Network Traffic Content" ], "mitre_platforms": [ "Linux", "macOS", "Windows", "SaaS", - "Office 365" + "Office 365", + "Google Workspace" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566", - "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/98.html" + "https://capec.mitre.org/data/definitions/98.html", + "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/security/office-365-security/anti-spoofing-protection?view=o365-worldwide", + "https://www.cyber.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-03/spoof_email_sender_policy_framework.pdf" ] }, "uuid": "a62a8db3-f23a-4d8f-afd6-9dbc77e7813b", @@ -24365,5 +25043,5 @@ "value": "Keychain - T1579" } ], - "version": 15 + "version": 16 } diff --git a/clusters/mitre-course-of-action.json b/clusters/mitre-course-of-action.json index d668a8f..b659cb1 100644 --- a/clusters/mitre-course-of-action.json +++ b/clusters/mitre-course-of-action.json @@ -498,6 +498,27 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "451a9977-d255-43c9-b431-66de80130c8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "eb88d97c-32f1-40be-80f0-d61a4b0b4b31", @@ -595,6 +616,41 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "800f9819-7007-4540-a520-40e655876800", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f8ef3a62-3f44-40a4-abca-761ab235c436", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0470e792-32f8-46b0-a351-652bc35e9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "1dcaeb21-9348-42ea-950a-f842aaf1ae1f", @@ -780,6 +836,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "cf2cccb1-cab8-431a-8ecf-f7874d05f433", @@ -878,13 +941,6 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "e944670c-d03a-4e93-a21c-b3d4c53ec4c9", @@ -1204,6 +1260,13 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e0232cb0-ded5-4c2e-9dc7-2893142a5c11", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, { "dest-uuid": "3298ce88-1628-43b1-87d9-0b5336b193d7", "tags": [ @@ -1463,13 +1526,6 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "mitigates" - }, { "dest-uuid": "f2857333-11d4-45bf-b064-2c28d8525be5", "tags": [ @@ -1532,6 +1588,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f4c1826f-a322-41cd-9557-562100848c84", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "987988f0-cf86-4680-a875-2f6456ab2448", @@ -3340,6 +3403,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "b9f0c069-abbe-4a07-a245-2481219a1463", @@ -4064,30 +4134,6 @@ "uuid": "245075bc-f992-4d89-af8c-834c53d403f4", "value": "Transmitted Data Manipulation Mitigation - T1493" }, - { - "description": "Identify and correct GPO permissions abuse opportunities (ex: GPO modification privileges) using auditing tools such as Bloodhound (version 1.5.1 and later)(Citation: GitHub Bloodhound).\n\nConsider implementing WMI and security filtering to further tailor which users and computers a GPO will apply to.(Citation: Wald0 Guide to GPOs)(Citation: Microsoft WMI Filters)(Citation: Microsoft GPO Security Filtering)", - "meta": { - "external_id": "T1484", - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/mitigations/T1484", - "https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound", - "https://wald0.com/?p=179", - "https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/askds/2008/09/11/fun-with-wmi-filters-in-group-policy/", - "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/Policy/filtering-the-scope-of-a-gpo" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "mitigates" - } - ], - "uuid": "2108b914-eee1-45cc-8840-36272b19596a", - "value": "Group Policy Modification Mitigation - T1484" - }, { "description": "Identify critical business and system processes that may be targeted by adversaries and work to secure those systems against tampering. Prevent critical business and system processes from being replaced, overwritten, or reconfigured to load potentially malicious code. Identify potentially malicious software and audit and/or block it by using whitelisting(Citation: Beechey 2010) tools, like AppLocker,(Citation: Windows Commands JPCERT)(Citation: NSA MS AppLocker) or Software Restriction Policies(Citation: Corio 2008) where appropriate.(Citation: TechNet Applocker vs SRP)", "meta": { @@ -4904,6 +4950,20 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "aedfca76-3b30-4866-b2aa-0f1d7fd1e4b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, { "dest-uuid": "29e07491-8947-43a3-8d4e-9a787c45f3d3", "tags": [ @@ -5415,6 +5475,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0c74ef9-c61e-4986-88cb-78da98a355ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "12241367-a8b7-49b4-b86e-2236901ba50c", @@ -5784,6 +5851,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1f9c2bae-b441-4f66-a8af-b65946ee72f2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "e3388c78-2a8d-47c2-8422-c1398b324462", @@ -6170,6 +6244,13 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e0232cb0-ded5-4c2e-9dc7-2893142a5c11", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, { "dest-uuid": "3298ce88-1628-43b1-87d9-0b5336b193d7", "tags": [ @@ -6547,6 +6628,48 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1f9c2bae-b441-4f66-a8af-b65946ee72f2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d2be8b9-d24c-4e98-83bf-2f5f79477163", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1126cab1-c700-412f-a510-61f4937bb096", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0470e792-32f8-46b0-a351-652bc35e9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "93e7968a-9074-4eac-8ae9-9f5200ec3317", @@ -6872,6 +6995,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "a2c36a5d-4058-475e-8e77-fff75e50d3b9", @@ -7855,6 +7985,76 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1f9c2bae-b441-4f66-a8af-b65946ee72f2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24769ab5-14bd-4f4e-a752-cfb185da53ee", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1126cab1-c700-412f-a510-61f4937bb096", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "800f9819-7007-4540-a520-40e655876800", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f8ef3a62-3f44-40a4-abca-761ab235c436", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "9bb9e696-bff8-4ae1-9454-961fc7d91d5f", @@ -8210,6 +8410,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "2f316f6c-ae42-44fe-adf8-150989e0f6d3", @@ -8352,6 +8559,13 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e0232cb0-ded5-4c2e-9dc7-2893142a5c11", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, { "dest-uuid": "dfefe2ed-4389-4318-8762-f0272b350a1b", "tags": [ @@ -11014,13 +11228,41 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "800f9819-7007-4540-a520-40e655876800", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f8ef3a62-3f44-40a4-abca-761ab235c436", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0470e792-32f8-46b0-a351-652bc35e9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "86598de0-b347-4928-9eb0-0acbfc21908c", "value": "Network Segmentation - M1030" }, { - "description": "Enterprises can vet applications for exploitable vulnerabilities or unwanted (privacy-invasive or malicious) behaviors. Enterprises can inspect applications themselves or use a third-party service.\n\nEnterprises may impose policies to only allow pre-approved applications to be installed on their devices or may impose policies to block use of specific applications known to have issues. In Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) environments, enterprises may only be able to impose these policies over an enterprise-managed portion of the device.\n\nApplication Vetting is not a complete mitigation. Techniques such as [Detect App Analysis Environment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1440) exist that can enable adversaries to bypass vetting.", + "description": "Enterprises can vet applications for exploitable vulnerabilities or unwanted (privacy-invasive or malicious) behaviors. Enterprises can inspect applications themselves or use a third-party service.\n\nEnterprises may impose policies to only allow pre-approved applications to be installed on their devices or may impose policies to block use of specific applications known to have issues. In Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) environments, enterprises may only be able to impose these policies over an enterprise-managed portion of the device.\n\nApplication Vetting is not a complete mitigation. Techniques such as [Evade Analysis Environment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1523) exist that can enable adversaries to bypass vetting.", "meta": { "external_id": "M1005", "refs": [ @@ -11356,6 +11598,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "1553b156-6767-47f7-9eb4-2a692505666d", @@ -11592,6 +11841,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "653492e3-27be-4a0e-b08c-938dd2b7e0e1", @@ -11986,6 +12242,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "389735f1-f21c-4208-b8f0-f8031e7169b8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "e5d930e9-775a-40ad-9bdb-b941d8dfe86b", @@ -12354,6 +12624,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0c74ef9-c61e-4986-88cb-78da98a355ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "2a4f6c11-a4a7-4cb9-b0ef-6ae1bb3a718a", @@ -12806,6 +13083,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "90c218c3-fbf8-4830-98a7-e8cfb7eaa485", @@ -13452,6 +13736,34 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e7c2fba-7cca-486c-9582-4c1bb2851961", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b21c3b2d-02e6-45b1-980b-e69051040839", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "47e0e9fe-96ce-4f65-8bb1-8be1feacb5db", @@ -13598,6 +13910,69 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "861b8fd2-57f3-4ee1-ab5d-c19c3b8c7a4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cca0ccb6-a068-4574-a722-b1556f86833a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8982a661-d84c-48c0-b4ec-1db29c6cf3bc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2d3f5b3c-54ca-4f4d-bb1f-849346d31230", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a62a8db3-f23a-4d8f-afd6-9dbc77e7813b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "b5dbb4c5-b0b1-40b1-80b6-e9e84ab90067", @@ -13772,6 +14147,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0c74ef9-c61e-4986-88cb-78da98a355ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "590777b3-b475-4c7c-aaf8-f4a73b140312", @@ -13869,6 +14251,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "7da0387c-ba92-4553-b291-b636ee42b2eb", @@ -14728,6 +15117,48 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ee16395-03f0-4690-a32e-69ce9ada0f9e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "506f6f49-7045-4156-9007-7474cb44ad6d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "31fe0ba2-62fd-4fd9-9293-4043d84f7fe9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "84771bc3-f6a0-403e-b144-01af70e5fda0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c071d8c1-3b3a-4f22-9407-ca4e96921069", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "84ae8255-b4f4-4237-b5c5-e717405a9701", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "78bb71be-92b4-46de-acd6-5f998fedf1cc", @@ -14873,6 +15304,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "ff4821f6-5afb-481b-8c0f-26c28c0d666c", @@ -15251,13 +15689,6 @@ ], "type": "mitigates" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "mitigates" - }, { "dest-uuid": "0c4b4fda-9062-47da-98b9-ceae2dcf052a", "tags": [ @@ -15348,11 +15779,53 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "94cb00a4-b295-4d06-aa2b-5653b9c1be9c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "861b8fd2-57f3-4ee1-ab5d-c19c3b8c7a4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1f9c2bae-b441-4f66-a8af-b65946ee72f2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d2be8b9-d24c-4e98-83bf-2f5f79477163", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "800f9819-7007-4540-a520-40e655876800", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0c74ef9-c61e-4986-88cb-78da98a355ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "mitigates" } ], "uuid": "cc2399fd-3cd3-4319-8d0a-fbd6420cdaf8", "value": "Audit - M1047" } ], - "version": 18 + "version": 19 } diff --git a/clusters/mitre-intrusion-set.json b/clusters/mitre-intrusion-set.json index c13a85c..8f12723 100644 --- a/clusters/mitre-intrusion-set.json +++ b/clusters/mitre-intrusion-set.json @@ -9,6 +9,88 @@ "type": "mitre-intrusion-set", "uuid": "10df003c-7831-11e7-bdb9-971cdd1218df", "values": [ + { + "description": "[Ajax Security Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0130) is a group that has been active since at least 2010 and believed to be operating out of Iran. By 2014 [Ajax Security Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0130) transitioned from website defacement operations to malware-based cyber espionage campaigns targeting the US defense industrial base and Iranian users of anti-censorship technologies.(Citation: FireEye Operation Saffron Rose 2013)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0130", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0130", + "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-operation-saffron-rose.pdf", + "https://blog.checkpoint.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/rocket-kitten-report.pdf", + "https://documents.trendmicro.com/assets/wp/wp-operation-woolen-goldfish.pdf", + "https://iranthreats.github.io/resources/attribution-flying-rocket-kitten/", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/cat-scratch-fever-crowdstrike-tracks-newly-reported-iranian-actor-flying-kitten/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Ajax Security Team", + "Operation Woolen-Goldfish", + "AjaxTM", + "Rocket Kitten", + "Flying Kitten", + "Operation Saffron Rose" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f6ad61ee-65f3-4bd0-a3f5-2f0accb36317", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9a2640c2-9f43-46fe-b13f-bde881e55555", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fbd727ea-c0dc-42a9-8448-9e12962d1ab5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "fa19de15-6169-428d-9cd6-3ca3d56075b7", + "value": "Ajax Security Team - G0130" + }, { "description": "[The White Company](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0089) is a likely state-sponsored threat actor with advanced capabilities. From 2017 through 2018, the group led an espionage campaign called Operation Shaheen targeting government and military organizations in Pakistan.(Citation: Cylance Shaheen Nov 2018)", "meta": { @@ -99,7 +181,7 @@ "https://www.secureworks.com/research/bronze-union", "https://securelist.com/luckymouse-hits-national-data-center/86083/", "https://thehackernews.com/2018/06/chinese-watering-hole-attack.html", - "https://www.nccgroup.trust/uk/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blogs/2018/may/emissary-panda-a-potential-new-malicious-tool/", + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2018/05/18/emissary-panda-a-potential-new-malicious-tool/", "http://arstechnica.com/security/2015/08/newly-discovered-chinese-hacking-group-hacked-100-websites-to-use-as-watering-holes/", "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/emissary-panda-attacks-middle-east-government-sharepoint-servers/" ], @@ -540,6 +622,27 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b63970b7-ddfb-4aee-97b1-80d335e033a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "31fe0ba2-62fd-4fd9-9293-4043d84f7fe9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "506f6f49-7045-4156-9007-7474cb44ad6d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "fb366179-766c-4a4a-afa1-52bff1fd601c", @@ -606,7 +709,7 @@ "value": "Threat Group-1314 - G0028" }, { - "description": "[Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) is a suspected Russian group that has targeted government entities and multiple U.S. critical infrastructure sectors since at least March 2016. (Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017) There is debate over the extent of overlap between [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) and [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035), but there is sufficient evidence to lead to these being tracked as two separate groups. (Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )", + "description": "[Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) is a suspected Russian group that has targeted government entities and multiple U.S. critical infrastructure sectors since at least December 2015. (Citation: US-CERT TA18-074A) (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017) There is debate over the extent of overlap between [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074) and [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035), but there is sufficient evidence to lead to these being tracked as two separate groups. (Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )", "meta": { "external_id": "G0074", "refs": [ @@ -1431,6 +1534,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec9e00dd-0313-4d5b-8105-c20aa47abffc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "93f52415-0fe4-4d3d-896c-fc9b8e88ab90", @@ -1554,6 +1664,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c41a8b7c-3e42-4eee-b87d-ad8a100ee878", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", "tags": [ @@ -1567,13 +1684,6 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "c41a8b7c-3e42-4eee-b87d-ad8a100ee878", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "8a831aaa-f3e0-47a3-bed8-a9ced744dd12", @@ -1813,13 +1923,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "6e3bd510-6b33-41a4-af80-2d80f3ee0071", "tags": [ @@ -1861,6 +1964,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd369cd9-abb8-41ce-b5bb-fff23ee86c00", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "dc6fe6ee-04c2-49be-ba3d-f38d2463c02a", @@ -2213,20 +2330,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "2aed01ad-3df3-4410-a8cb-11ea4ded587c", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "767dbf9e-df3f-45cb-8998-4903ab5f80c0", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "63c2a130-8a5b-452f-ad96-07cf0af12ffe", "tags": [ @@ -2444,6 +2547,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "066b057c-944e-4cfc-b654-e3dfba04b926", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "afc079f3-c0ea-4096-b75d-3f05338b7f60", "tags": [ @@ -2457,6 +2567,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f59508a6-3615-47c3-b493-6676e1a39a87", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "dd2d9ca6-505b-4860-a604-233685b802c7", @@ -3216,6 +3333,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec9e00dd-0313-4d5b-8105-c20aa47abffc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "56319646-eb6e-41fc-ae53-aadfa7adb924", @@ -3251,13 +3375,6 @@ ], "type": "similar" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "027a1428-6e79-4a4b-82b9-e698e8525c2b", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"likely\"" - ], - "type": "similar" - }, { "dest-uuid": "677569f9-a8b0-459e-ab24-7f18091fa7bf", "tags": [ @@ -3845,6 +3962,76 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01dbc71d-0ee8-420d-abb4-3dfb6a4bf725", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40f5caa0-4cb7-4117-89fc-d421bb493df3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "212306d8-efa4-44c9-8c2d-ed3d2e224aa0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2d34c63-6f5a-41f5-86a2-e2380f27f858", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "19401639-28d0-4c3c-adcc-bc2ba22f6421", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "88d31120-5bc7-4ce3-a9c0-7cf147be8e54", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7f4bbe05-1674-4087-8a16-8f1ad61b6152", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f8774023-8021-4ece-9aca-383ac89d2759", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e928333f-f3df-4039-9b8b-556c2add0e42", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "c93fccb1-e8e8-42cf-ae33-2ad1d183913a", @@ -4073,15 +4260,18 @@ "value": "Poseidon Group - G0033" }, { - "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) is a destructive Russian threat group that has been attributed to Russian GRU Unit 74455 by the U.S. Department of Justice and U.K. National Cyber Security Centre. [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034)'s most notable attacks include the 2015 and 2016 targeting of Ukrainian electrical companies and 2017's [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) attacks. [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) has been active since at least 2009.(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014)(Citation: CrowdStrike VOODOO BEAR)(Citation: USDOJ Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)", + "description": "[Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) is a destructive threat group that has been attributed to Russia's General Staff Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) Main Center for Special Technologies (GTsST) military unit 74455.(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020) This group has been active since at least 2009.(Citation: iSIGHT Sandworm 2014)(Citation: CrowdStrike VOODOO BEAR)(Citation: USDOJ Sandworm Feb 2020)(Citation: NCSC Sandworm Feb 2020)\n\nIn October 2020, the US indicted six GRU Unit 74455 officers associated with [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) for the following cyber operations: the 2015 and 2016 attacks against Ukrainian electrical companies and government organizations, the 2017 worldwide [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) attack, targeting of the 2017 French presidential campaign, the 2018 [Olympic Destroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365) attack against the Winter Olympic Games, the 2018 operation against the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, and attacks against the country of Georgia in 2018 and 2019.(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)(Citation: UK NCSC Olympic Attacks October 2020) Some of these were conducted with the assistance of GRU Unit 26165, which is also referred to as [APT28](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0007).(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Oct 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0034", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download", + "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-exposes-series-of-russian-cyber-attacks-against-olympic-and-paralympic-games", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2016/01/ukraine-and-sandworm-team.html", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-january-voodoo-bear/", - "https://www.state.gov/the-united-states-condemns-russian-cyber-attack-against-the-country-of-georgia/", + "https://2017-2021.state.gov/the-united-states-condemns-russian-cyber-attack-against-the-country-of-georgia//index.html", "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/ncsc-supports-sandworm-advisory", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/page/file/1098481/download", "https://blog-assets.f-secure.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/15163408/BlackEnergy_Quedagh.pdf", "https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/microsoft-zero-day-traced-russian/", "https://www.dragos.com/resource/electrum/", @@ -4370,6 +4560,223 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + 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The group has operated since at least 2012 and has compromised high-profile telecommunications networks.(Citation: Cybereason Soft Cell June 2019)", - "meta": { - "external_id": "G0093", - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0093", - "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/operation-soft-cell-a-worldwide-campaign-against-telecommunications-providers" - ], - "synonyms": [ - "Soft Cell" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "3f886f2a-874f-4333-b794-aa6075009b1c", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "b17a1a56-e99c-403c-8948-561df0cffe81", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "7610cada-1499-41a4-b3dd-46467b68d177", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "5d0d3609-d06d-49e1-b9c9-b544e0c618cb", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "1644e709-12d2-41e5-a60f-3470991f5011", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "65f2d882-3f41-4d48-8a06-29af77ec9f90", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - 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}, - { - "dest-uuid": "64fa0de0-6240-41f4-8638-f4ca7ed528fd", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "03342581-f790-4f03-ba41-e82e67392e23", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "294e2560-bd48-44b2-9da2-833b5588ad11", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "10d51417-ee35-4589-b1ff-b6df1c334e8d", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "bba595da-b73a-4354-aa6c-224d4de7cb4e", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "e624264c-033a-424d-9fd7-fc9c3bbdb03e", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "b0533c6e-8fea-4788-874f-b799cacc4b92", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" } ], - "uuid": "06a11b7e-2a36-47fe-8d3e-82c265df3258", - "value": "Soft Cell - G0093" + "uuid": "894aab42-3371-47b1-8859-a4a074c804c8", + "value": "Stealth Falcon - G0038" }, { "description": "[Winnti Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0044) is a threat group with Chinese origins that has been active since at least 2010. The group has heavily targeted the gaming industry, but it has also expanded the scope of its targeting. (Citation: Kaspersky Winnti April 2013) (Citation: Kaspersky Winnti June 2015) (Citation: Novetta Winnti April 2015) Some reporting suggests a number of other groups, including [Axiom](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0001), [APT17](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0025), and [Ke3chang](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0004), are closely linked to [Winnti Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0044). (Citation: 401 TRG Winnti Umbrella May 2018)", @@ -5137,48 +5261,28 @@ "value": "Gamaredon Group - G0047" }, { - "description": "[Charming Kitten](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0058) is an Iranian cyber espionage group that has been active since approximately 2014. They appear to focus on targeting individuals of interest to Iran who work in academic research, human rights, and media, with most victims having been located in Iran, the US, Israel, and the UK. [[Charming Kitten](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0058) often tries to access private email and Facebook accounts, and sometimes establishes a foothold on victim computers as a secondary objective. The group's TTPs overlap extensively with another group, [Magic Hound](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0059), resulting in reporting that may not distinguish between the two groups' activities.(Citation: ClearSky Charming Kitten Dec 2017)", - "meta": { - "external_id": "G0058", - "refs": [ - "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0058", - "http://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Charming_Kitten_2017.pdf" - ], - "synonyms": [ - "Charming Kitten" - ] - }, - "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "e48df773-7c95-4a4c-ba70-ea3d15900148", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - } - ], - "uuid": "92d5b3fd-3b39-438e-af68-770e447beada", - "value": "Charming Kitten - G0058" - }, - { - "description": "[Magic Hound](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0059) is an Iranian-sponsored threat group that conducts long term, resource-intensive operations to collect intelligence, dating back as early as 2014. The group typically targets U.S. and the Middle Eastern military, as well as other organizations with government personnel, via complex social engineering campaigns.(Citation: FireEye APT35 2018)", + "description": "[Magic Hound](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0059) is an Iranian-sponsored threat group that conducts long term, resource-intensive cyber espionage operations, dating back as early as 2014. The group typically targets U.S. and Middle Eastern military organizations, as well as other government personnel, via complex social engineering campaigns.(Citation: FireEye APT35 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0059", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0059", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/collateral/en/mtrends-2018.pdf", "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/02/unit42-magic-hound-campaign-attacks-saudi-targets/", - "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/iranian-pupyrat-bites-middle-eastern-organizations", + "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/cobalt-illusion", "http://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Charming_Kitten_2017.pdf", - "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2019/03/27/new-steps-to-protect-customers-from-hacking/" + "https://www.eweek.com/security/newscaster-threat-uses-social-media-for-intelligence-gathering", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/The-Kittens-Are-Back-in-Town-2-1.pdf", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/The-Kittens-are-Back-in-Town-3.pdf", + "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/new-research-exposes-iranian-threat-group-operations/", + "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2019/03/27/new-steps-to-protect-customers-from-hacking/", + "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2020/10/28/cyberattacks-phosphorus-t20-munich-security-conference/", + "https://noticeofpleadings.com/phosphorus/files/Complaint.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ "Magic Hound", - "Cobalt Gypsy", - "Operation Woolen-Goldfish", - "Ajax Security Team", - "Operation Saffron Rose", - "Rocket Kitten", + "COBALT ILLUSION", + "Charming Kitten", + "ITG18", "Phosphorus", "Newscaster", "APT35" @@ -5444,47 +5548,33 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "fbd727ea-c0dc-42a9-8448-9e12962d1ab5", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "9a2640c2-9f43-46fe-b13f-bde881e55555", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "f6ad61ee-65f3-4bd0-a3f5-2f0accb36317", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bc76d0a4-db11-4551-9ac4-01a469cfb161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "65013dd2-bc61-43e3-afb5-a14c4fa7437a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3dc8c101-d4db-4f4d-8150-1b5a76ca5f1b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "f9d6633a-55e6-4adc-9263-6ae080421a13", @@ -5754,6 +5844,13 @@ ] }, "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "c19cfc89-5ac6-4d2d-a236-70d2b32e007c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", "tags": [ @@ -5767,13 +5864,6 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "c19cfc89-5ac6-4d2d-a236-70d2b32e007c", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "049cef3b-22d5-4be6-b50c-9839c7a34fdd", @@ -5835,11 +5925,1459 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4061e78c-1284-44b4-9116-73e4ac3912f7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "842976c7-f9c8-41b2-8371-41dc64fbe261", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "c77c5576-ca19-42ed-a36f-4b4486a84133", "value": "GOLD SOUTHFIELD - G0115" }, + { + "description": "[Operation Wocao](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0116) described activities carried out by a China-based cyber espionage adversary. [Operation Wocao](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0116) targeted entities within the government, managed service providers, energy, health care, and technology sectors across several countries, including China, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. [Operation Wocao](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0116) used similar TTPs and tools to APT20, suggesting a possible overlap.(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0116", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0116", + "https://resources.fox-it.com/rs/170-CAK-271/images/201912_Report_Operation_Wocao.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Operation Wocao" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "4664b683-f578-434f-919b-1c1aad2a1111", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "13cd9151-83b7-410d-9f98-25d0f0d1d80d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "26c87906-d750-42c5-946c-d4162c73fc7b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", + "tags": [ + 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[Fox Kitten](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0117) has targeted multiple industrial verticals including oil and gas, technology, government, defense, healthcare, manufacturing, and engineering.(Citation: ClearkSky Fox Kitten February 2020)(Citation: CrowdStrike PIONEER KITTEN August 2020)(Citation: Dragos PARISITE )(Citation: ClearSky Pay2Kitten December 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0117", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0117", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/fox-kitten/", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/who-is-pioneer-kitten/", + "https://www.dragos.com/threat/parisite/", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Pay2Kitten.pdf", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa20-259a" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Fox Kitten", + "UNC757", + "PIONEER KITTEN", + "Parisite" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3f886f2a-874f-4333-b794-aa6075009b1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" 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targeted research and proprietary data at universities, government agencies, and private sector companies worldwide since at least 2013. Members of [Silent Librarian](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0122) are known to have been affiliated with the Iran-based Mabna Institute which has conducted cyber intrusions at the behest of the government of Iran, specifically the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC).(Citation: DOJ Iran Indictments March 2018)(Citation: Phish Labs Silent Librarian)(Citation: Malwarebytes Silent Librarian October 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0122", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0122", + "https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/press-release/file/1045781/download", + "https://info.phishlabs.com/blog/silent-librarian-more-to-the-story-of-the-iranian-mabna-institute-indictment", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/malwarebytes-news/2020/10/silent-librarian-apt-phishing-attack/", + "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/threat-actor-profile-ta407-silent-librarian", + "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/back-to-school-cobalt-dickens-targets-universities", + "https://www.secureworks.com/blog/cobalt-dickens-goes-back-to-school-again" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Silent Librarian", + "TA407", + "COBALT DICKENS" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "16cdd21f-da65-4e4f-bc04-dd7d198c7b26", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2d3f5b3c-54ca-4f4d-bb1f-849346d31230", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40f5caa0-4cb7-4117-89fc-d421bb493df3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b17a1a56-e99c-403c-8948-561df0cffe81", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "692074ae-bb62-4a5e-a735-02cb6bde458c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "76551c52-b111-4884-bc47-ff3e728f0156", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "69f897fd-12a9-4c89-ad6a-46d2f3c38262", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7d77a07d-02fe-4e88-8bd9-e9c008c01bf0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1608f3e1-598a-42f4-a01a-2e252e81728f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "65013dd2-bc61-43e3-afb5-a14c4fa7437a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "19401639-28d0-4c3c-adcc-bc2ba22f6421", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a2fdce72-04b2-409a-ac10-cc1695f4fce0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "84ae8255-b4f4-4237-b5c5-e717405a9701", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "90784c1e-4aba-40eb-9adf-7556235e6384", + "value": "Silent Librarian - G0122" + }, + { + "description": "[Volatile Cedar](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0123) is a Lebanese threat group that has targeted individuals, companies, and institutions worldwide. [Volatile Cedar](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0123) has been operating since 2012 and is motivated by political and ideological interests.(Citation: CheckPoint Volatile Cedar March 2015)(Citation: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0123", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0123", + "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/03/20082004/volatile-cedar-technical-report.pdf", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Lebanese-Cedar-APT.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Volatile Cedar", + "Lebanese Cedar" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "5502c4e9-24ef-4d5f-8ee9-9e906c2f82c4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d0d3609-d06d-49e1-b9c9-b544e0c618cb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3f886f2a-874f-4333-b794-aa6075009b1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a21e3a4-5ffe-4581-af9a-6a54c7536f44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "751b77e6-af1f-483b-93fe-eddf17f92a64", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "b2e34388-6938-4c59-a702-80dc219e15e3", + "value": "Volatile Cedar - G0123" + }, + { + "description": "[Mustang Panda](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0129) is a China-based cyber espionage threat actor that was first observed in 2017 but may have been conducting operations since at least 2014. [Mustang Panda](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0129) has targeted government entities, nonprofits, religious, and other non-governmental organizations in the U.S., Germany, Mongolia, Myanmar, Pakistan, and Vietnam, among others.(Citation: Crowdstrike MUSTANG PANDA June 2018)(Citation: Anomali MUSTANG PANDA October 2019)(Citation: Secureworks BRONZE PRESIDENT December 2019) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0129", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0129", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-june-mustang-panda/", + "https://www.anomali.com/blog/china-based-apt-mustang-panda-targets-minority-groups-public-and-private-sector-organizations", + "https://www.secureworks.com/research/bronze-president-targets-ngos", + "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/blog/threat-insight/ta416-goes-ground-and-returns-golang-plugx-malware-loader", + "https://go.recordedfuture.com/hubfs/reports/cta-2020-0728.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Mustang Panda", + 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The group mainly targets Colombian government institutions as well as important corporations in the financial sector, petroleum industry, and professional manufacturing.(Citation: QiAnXin APT-C-36 Feb2019)", "meta": { @@ -7005,12 +8543,16 @@ "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/eset-gazer.pdf", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-march-venomous-bear/", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/ESET_Turla_Mosquito.pdf", + "https://www.leonardocompany.com/documents/20142/10868623/Malware+Technical+Insight+_Turla+%E2%80%9CPenquin_x64%E2%80%9D.pdf", + "https://www.accenture.com/us-en/blogs/cyber-defense/turla-belugasturgeon-compromises-government-entity", "https://www.threatminer.org/report.php?q=waterbug-attack-group.pdf&y=2015#gsc.tab=0&gsc.q=waterbug-attack-group.pdf&gsc.page=1", "https://securelist.com/introducing-whitebear/81638/", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2019/05/29/turla-powershell-usage/" ], "synonyms": [ "Turla", + "Group 88", + "Belugasturgeon", "Waterbug", "WhiteBear", "VENOMOUS BEAR", @@ -7243,13 +8785,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - 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"https://www.cybereason.com/blog/operation-cobalt-kitty-apt" + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/operation-cobalt-kitty-apt", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2019/03/20/fake-or-fake-keeping-up-with-oceanlotus-decoys/", + "https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/02/viet-nam-hacking-group-targets-activist/" ], "synonyms": [ "APT32", @@ -7728,13 +9363,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", "tags": [ @@ -8147,6 +9775,76 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b1ccd744-3f78-4a0e-9bb2-2002057f7928", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40f5caa0-4cb7-4117-89fc-d421bb493df3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "88d31120-5bc7-4ce3-a9c0-7cf147be8e54", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2d3f5b3c-54ca-4f4d-bb1f-849346d31230", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "69f897fd-12a9-4c89-ad6a-46d2f3c38262", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5282dd9a-d26d-4e16-88b7-7c0f4553daf4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "31fe0ba2-62fd-4fd9-9293-4043d84f7fe9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ee16395-03f0-4690-a32e-69ce9ada0f9e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "247cb30b-955f-42eb-97a5-a89fef69341e", @@ -8392,6 +10090,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e7c2fba-7cca-486c-9582-4c1bb2851961", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "7eda3dd8-b09b-4705-8090-c2ad9fb8c14d", @@ -9028,6 +10733,69 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93494bb-4b80-4ea1-8695-3236a49916fd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be055942-6e63-49d7-9fa1-9cb7d8a8f3f4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a782ebe2-daba-42c7-bc82-e8e9d923162d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5502c4e9-24ef-4d5f-8ee9-9e906c2f82c4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40597f16-0963-4249-bf4c-ac93b7fb9807", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cca0ccb6-a068-4574-a722-b1556f86833a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bc76d0a4-db11-4551-9ac4-01a469cfb161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "56660521-6db4-4e5a-a927-464f22954b7c", "tags": [ @@ -9150,7 +10918,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0004", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/wp-operation-ke3chang.pdf", - "https://www.nccgroup.trust/uk/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blogs/2018/march/apt15-is-alive-and-strong-an-analysis-of-royalcli-and-royaldns/", + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2018/03/10/apt15-is-alive-and-strong-an-analysis-of-royalcli-and-royaldns/", "https://www.intezer.com/miragefox-apt15-resurfaces-with-new-tools-based-on-old-ones/" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -9982,7 +11750,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0008", "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/08064518/Carbanak_APT_eng.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/fin7-phishing-lnk.html", - "https://www.fox-it.com/en/about-fox-it/corporate/news/anunak-aka-carbanak-update/", + "https://www.fox-it.com/en/news/blog/anunak-aka-carbanak-update/", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/state-criminal-address/" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -10082,6 +11850,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "55033a4d-3ffe-46b2-99b4-2c1541e9ce1c", @@ -10708,14 +12483,23 @@ "value": "APT18 - G0026" }, { - "description": "[APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) is threat group that has been attributed to the Russian government and has operated since at least 2008. (Citation: F-Secure The Dukes) (Citation: GRIZZLY STEPPE JAR) This group reportedly compromised the Democratic National Committee starting in the summer of 2015. (Citation: Crowdstrike DNC June 2016)", + "description": "[APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) is threat group that has been attributed to Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR).(Citation: White House Imposing Costs RU Gov April 2021)(Citation: UK Gov Malign RIS Activity April 2021) They have operated since at least 2008, often targeting government networks in Europe and NATO member countries, research institutes, and think tanks. [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) reportedly compromised the Democratic National Committee starting in the summer of 2015.(Citation: F-Secure The Dukes)(Citation: GRIZZLY STEPPE JAR)(Citation: Crowdstrike DNC June 2016)(Citation: UK Gov UK Exposes Russia SolarWinds April 2021)\n\nIn April 2021, the US and UK governments attributed the SolarWinds supply chain compromise cyber operation to the SVR; public statements included citations to [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016), Cozy Bear, and The Dukes.(Citation: NSA Joint Advisory SVR SolarWinds April 2021)(Citation: UK NSCS Russia SolarWinds April 2021) Victims of this campaign included government, consulting, technology, telecom, and other organizations in North America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Industry reporting referred to the actors involved in this campaign as UNC2452, NOBELIUM, StellarParticle, and Dark Halo.(Citation: FireEye SUNBURST Backdoor December 2020)(Citation: MSTIC NOBELIUM Mar 2021)(Citation: CrowdStrike SUNSPOT Implant January 2021)(Citation: Volexity SolarWinds)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0016", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016", + "https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/04/15/fact-sheet-imposing-costs-for-harmful-foreign-activities-by-the-russian-government/", + "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/russia-uk-and-us-expose-global-campaigns-of-malign-activity-by-russian-intelligence-services", "https://www.f-secure.com/documents/996508/1030745/dukes_whitepaper.pdf", "https://www.us-cert.gov/sites/default/files/publications/JAR_16-20296A_GRIZZLY%20STEPPE-2016-1229.pdf", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/bears-midst-intrusion-democratic-national-committee/", + "https://www.gov.uk/government/news/russia-uk-exposes-russian-involvement-in-solarwinds-cyber-compromise", + "https://media.defense.gov/2021/Apr/15/2002621240/-1/-1/0/CSA_SVR_TARGETS_US_ALLIES_UOO13234021.PDF/CSA_SVR_TARGETS_US_ALLIES_UOO13234021.PDF", + "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/news/uk-and-us-call-out-russia-for-solarwinds-compromise", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/12/evasive-attacker-leverages-solarwinds-supply-chain-compromises-with-sunburst-backdoor.html", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/sunspot-malware-technical-analysis/", + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2020/12/14/dark-halo-leverages-solarwinds-compromise-to-breach-organizations/", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/11/not-so-cozy-an-uncomfortable-examination-of-a-suspected-apt29-phishing-campaign.html", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/ESET_Operation_Ghost_Dukes.pdf", "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/files/Advisory-APT29-targets-COVID-19-vaccine-development-V1-1.pdf", @@ -10723,6 +12507,10 @@ ], "synonyms": [ "APT29", + "Dark Halo", + "StellarParticle", + "NOBELIUM", + "UNC2452", "YTTRIUM", "The Dukes", "Cozy Bear", @@ -10975,13 +12763,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "67e6d66b-1b82-4699-b47a-e2efb6268d14", "tags": [ @@ -11045,6 +12826,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "95e2cbae-d82c-4f7b-b63c-16462015d35d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "3a4197ae-ec63-4162-907b-9a073d1157e4", "tags": [ @@ -11114,21 +12902,419 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, 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"bd369cd9-abb8-41ce-b5bb-fff23ee86c00", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "899ce53f-13a0-479b-a0e4-67d46e241542", "value": "APT29 - G0016" }, { - "description": "[Darkhotel](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012) is a threat group that has been active since at least 2004. The group has conducted activity on hotel and business center Wi‑Fi and physical connections as well as peer-to-peer and file sharing networks. The actors have also conducted spearphishing. (Citation: Kaspersky Darkhotel)", + "description": "[Darkhotel](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012) is a suspected South Korean threat group that has targeted victims primarily in East Asia since at least 2004. The group's name is based on cyber espionage operations conducted via hotel Internet networks against traveling executives and other select guests. [Darkhotel](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012) has also conducted spearphishing campaigns and infected victims through peer-to-peer and file sharing networks.(Citation: Kaspersky Darkhotel)(Citation: Securelist Darkhotel Aug 2015)(Citation: Microsoft Digital Defense FY20 Sept 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0012", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012", - "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/08070903/darkhotel_kl_07.11.pdf" + "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/08070903/darkhotel_kl_07.11.pdf", + "https://securelist.com/darkhotels-attacks-in-2015/71713/", + "https://query.prod.cms.rt.microsoft.com/cms/api/am/binary/RWxPuf", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2016/06/09/reverse-engineering-dubnium-2/", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2016/06/20/reverse-engineering-dubniums-flash-targeting-exploit/", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2016/07/14/reverse-engineering-dubnium-stage-2-payload-analysis/" ], "synonyms": [ - "Darkhotel" + "Darkhotel", + "DUBNIUM" ] }, "related": [ @@ -11243,19 +13429,199 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be2dcee9-a7a7-4e38-afd6-21b31ecc3d63", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82caa33e-d11a-433a-94ea-9b5a5fbef81d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "91541e7e-b969-40c6-bbd8-1b5352ec2938", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "9e729a7e-0dd6-4097-95bf-db8d64911383", "value": "Darkhotel - G0012" }, { - "description": "[Molerats](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0021) is a politically-motivated threat group that has been operating since 2012. The group's victims have primarily been in the Middle East, Europe, and the United States. (Citation: DustySky) (Citation: DustySky2)(Citation: Kaspersky MoleRATs April 2019)", + "description": "[Evilnum](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0120) is a financially motivated threat group that has been active since at least 2018.(Citation: ESET EvilNum July 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0120", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0120", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/07/09/more-evil-deep-look-evilnum-toolset/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Evilnum" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "10ffac09-e42d-4f56-ab20-db94c67d76ff", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0f4a0c76-ab2d-4cb0-85d3-3f0efb8cba0d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "120d5519-3098-4e1c-9191-2aa61232f073", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b76b2d94-60e4-4107-a903-4a3a7622fb3b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bfd2738c-8b43-43c3-bc9f-d523c8e88bf4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4061e78c-1284-44b4-9116-73e4ac3912f7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7cdfccda-2950-4167-981a-60872ff5d0db", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "1f0f9a14-11aa-49aa-9174-bcd0eaa979de", + "value": "Evilnum - G0120" + }, + { + "description": "[Molerats](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0021) is an Arabic-speaking, politically-motivated threat group that has been operating since 2012. The group's victims have primarily been in the Middle East, Europe, and the United States.(Citation: DustySky)(Citation: DustySky2)(Citation: Kaspersky MoleRATs April 2019)(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0021", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0021", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Operation%20DustySky_TLP_WHITE.pdf", "http://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Operation-DustySky2_-6.2016_TLP_White.pdf", "https://securelist.com/gaza-cybergang-group1-operation-sneakypastes/90068/", + "https://www.cybereason.com/hubfs/dam/collateral/reports/Molerats-in-the-Cloud-New-Malware-Arsenal-Abuses-Cloud-Platforms-in-Middle-East-Espionage-Campaign.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2013/08/operation-molerats-middle-east-cyber-attacks-using-poison-ivy.html" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -11385,7 +13751,42 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03ea629c-517a-41e3-94f8-c7e5368cf8f4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ae6097d-d700-46c6-8b21-42fc0bcb48fa", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0ba9281c-93fa-4b29-8e9e-7ef918c7b13a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8a59f456-79a0-4151-9f56-9b1a67332af2", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -11587,13 +13988,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", "tags": [ @@ -11726,6 +14120,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "fe8796a4-2a02-41a0-9d27-7aa1e995feb6", @@ -11798,15 +14199,17 @@ "value": "Mofang - G0103" }, { - "description": "[APT41](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096) is a group that carries out Chinese state-sponsored espionage activity in addition to financially motivated activity. [APT41](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096) has been active since as early as 2012. The group has been observed targeting healthcare, telecom, technology, and video game industries in 14 countries.(Citation: FireEye APT41 Aug 2019)", + "description": "[APT41](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096) is a threat group that researchers have assessed as Chinese state-sponsored espionage group that also conducts financially-motivated operations. [APT41](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096) has been active since as early as 2012. The group has been observed targeting healthcare, telecom, technology, and video game industries in 14 countries.(Citation: FireEye APT41 Aug 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0096", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096", - "https://content.fireeye.com/apt-41/rpt-apt41" + "https://content.fireeye.com/apt-41/rpt-apt41", + "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ - "APT41" + "APT41", + "WICKED PANDA" ] }, "related": [ @@ -12244,13 +14647,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "0a68f1f1-da74-4d28-8d9a-696c082706cc", "tags": [ @@ -12313,6 +14709,62 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4f9ca633-15c5-463c-9724-bdcd54fde541", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8787e86d-8475-4f13-acea-d33eb83b6105", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3433a9e8-1c47-4320-b9bf-ed449061d1c3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec9e00dd-0313-4d5b-8105-c20aa47abffc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "18854f55-ac7c-4634-bd9a-352dd07613b7", @@ -13454,10 +15906,12 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0091", "https://cyberforensicator.com/2019/01/20/silence-dissecting-malicious-chm-files-and-performing-forensic-analysis/", - "https://securelist.com/the-silence/83009/" + "https://securelist.com/the-silence/83009/", + "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ - "Silence" + "Silence", + "WHISPER SPIDER" ] }, "related": [ @@ -14368,13 +16822,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", "tags": [ @@ -14416,6 +16863,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1cc934e4-b01d-4543-a011-b988dfc1a458", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "dcd81c6e-ebf7-4a16-93e0-9a97fa49c88a", @@ -15196,7 +17657,7 @@ "value": "FIN5 - G0053" }, { - "description": "[Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) Dragonfly is a cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2011. They initially targeted defense and aviation companies but shifted to focus on the energy sector in early 2013. They have also targeted companies related to industrial control systems. (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)\n\nA similar group emerged in 2015 and was identified by Symantec as [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074). There is debate over the extent of the overlap between [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) and [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074), but there is sufficient evidence to lead to these being tracked as two separate groups. (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017)(Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )", + "description": "[Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) is a cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2011. They initially targeted defense and aviation companies but shifted to focus to include the energy sector in early 2013. They have also targeted companies related to industrial control systems. (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly)(Citation: Secureworks IRON LIBERTY July 2019)\n\nA similar group emerged in 2015 and was identified by Symantec as [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074). There is debate over the extent of the overlap between [Dragonfly](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0035) and [Dragonfly 2.0](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0074), but there is sufficient evidence to lead to these being tracked as two separate groups. (Citation: Symantec Dragonfly Sept 2017)(Citation: Fortune Dragonfly 2.0 Sept 2017)(Citation: Dragos DYMALLOY )", "meta": { "external_id": "G0035", "refs": [ @@ -15300,13 +17761,6 @@ ] }, "related": [ - { - "dest-uuid": "bb446dc2-4fee-4212-8b2c-3ffa2917e338", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"likely\"" - ], - "type": "similar" - }, { "dest-uuid": "50cd027f-df14-40b2-aa22-bf5de5061163", "tags": [ @@ -15744,13 +18198,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "5af7a825-2d9f-400d-931a-e00eb9e27f48", "tags": [ @@ -15772,13 +18219,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "2aed01ad-3df3-4410-a8cb-11ea4ded587c", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "f1951e8a-500e-4a26-8803-76d95c4554b4", "tags": [ @@ -15967,6 +18407,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f59508a6-3615-47c3-b493-6676e1a39a87", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "2a7914cf-dff3-428d-ab0f-1014d1c28aeb", @@ -16037,17 +18491,23 @@ "value": "BlackOasis - G0063" }, { - "description": "[APT39](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087) is an Iranian cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2014. They have targeted the telecommunication and travel industries to collect personal information that aligns with Iran's national priorities. (Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)(Citation: Symantec Chafer Dec 2015)", + "description": "[APT39](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087) is one of several names for cyberespionage activity conducted by the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) through the front company Rana Intelligence Computing since at least 2014. [APT39](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087) has primarily targeted the travel, hospitality, academic, and telecommunications industries in Iran and across Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America to track individuals and entities considered to be a threat by the MOIS.(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)(Citation: Symantec Chafer Dec 2015)(Citation: FBI FLASH APT39 September 2020)(Citation: Dept. of Treasury Iran Sanctions September 2020)(Citation: DOJ Iran Indictments September 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0087", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/apt39-iranian-cyber-espionage-group-focused-on-personal-information.html", "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/iran-based-attackers-use-back-door-threats-spy-middle-eastern-targets", + "https://www.iranwatch.org/sites/default/files/public-intelligence-alert.pdf", + "https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sm1127", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/department-justice-and-partner-departments-and-agencies-conduct-coordinated-actions-disrupt", + "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf", "https://www.darkreading.com/attacks-breaches/iran-ups-its-traditional-cyber-espionage-tradecraft/d/d-id/1333764" ], "synonyms": [ "APT39", + "REMIX KITTEN", + "ITG07", "Chafer" ] }, @@ -16387,6 +18847,104 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bb5a00de-e086-4859-a231-fa793f6797e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c8e87b83-edbb-48d4-9295-4974897525b7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c34f7aa-9341-4a48-bfab-af22e51aca6c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf23bf4a-e003-4116-bbae-1ea6c558d565", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b63970b7-ddfb-4aee-97b1-80d335e033a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc89ecbd-3d33-4a41-bcca-001e702d18fd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "44e43fad-ffcb-4210-abcf-eaaed9735f80", @@ -16466,6 +19024,347 @@ "uuid": "76565741-3452-4069-ab08-80c0ea95bbeb", "value": "SilverTerrier - G0083" }, + { + "description": "[GALLIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0093) is a group that has been active since at least 2012, primarily targeting high-profile telecommunications networks. [GALLIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0093) has been identified in some reporting as likely a Chinese state-sponsored group, based in part on tools used and TTPs commonly associated with Chinese threat actors.(Citation: Cybereason Soft Cell June 2019)(Citation: Microsoft GALLIUM December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0093", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0093", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/operation-soft-cell-a-worldwide-campaign-against-telecommunications-providers", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2019/12/12/gallium-targeting-global-telecom/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GALLIUM", + "Operation Soft Cell" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3f886f2a-874f-4333-b794-aa6075009b1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": 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(Citation: Symantec Suckfly March 2016)", "meta": { @@ -16637,22 +19536,26 @@ "value": "FIN4 - G0085" }, { - "description": "[menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045) is a threat group that appears to originate from China and has been active since approximately 2009. The group has targeted healthcare, defense, aerospace, and government sectors, and has targeted Japanese victims since at least 2014. In 2016 and 2017, the group targeted managed IT service providers, manufacturing and mining companies, and a university. (Citation: Palo Alto menuPass Feb 2017) (Citation: Crowdstrike CrowdCast Oct 2013) (Citation: FireEye Poison Ivy) (Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017) (Citation: FireEye APT10 April 2017) (Citation: DOJ APT10 Dec 2018)", + "description": "[menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045) is a threat group that has been active since at least 2006. Individual members of [menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045) are known to have acted in association with the Chinese Ministry of State Security's (MSS) Tianjin State Security Bureau and worked for the Huaying Haitai Science and Technology Development Company.(Citation: DOJ APT10 Dec 2018)(Citation: District Court of NY APT10 Indictment December 2018)\n\n[menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045) has targeted healthcare, defense, aerospace, finance, maritime, biotechnology, energy, and government sectors globally, with an emphasis on Japanese organizations. In 2016 and 2017, the group is known to have targeted managed IT service providers (MSPs), manufacturing and mining companies, and a university.(Citation: Palo Alto menuPass Feb 2017)(Citation: Crowdstrike CrowdCast Oct 2013)(Citation: FireEye Poison Ivy)(Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper April 2017)(Citation: FireEye APT10 April 2017)(Citation: DOJ APT10 Dec 2018)(Citation: District Court of NY APT10 Indictment December 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0045", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/two-chinese-hackers-associated-ministry-state-security-charged-global-computer-intrusion", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/page/file/1122671/download", "http://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2017/02/unit42-menupass-returns-new-malware-new-attacks-japanese-academics-organizations/", "https://www.slideshare.net/CrowdStrike/crowd-casts-monthly-you-have-an-adversary-problem", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-poison-ivy.pdf", "https://www.pwc.co.uk/cyber-security/pdf/cloud-hopper-report-final-v4.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/04/apt10_menupass_grou.html", - "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1121706/download", + "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/cicada-apt10-japan-espionage", "https://www.accenture.com/t20180423T055005Z_w_/se-en/_acnmedia/PDF-76/Accenture-Hogfish-Threat-Analysis.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/09/apt10-targeting-japanese-corporations-using-updated-ttps.html" ], "synonyms": [ "menuPass", + "Cicada", + "POTASSIUM", "Stone Panda", "APT10", "Red Apollo", @@ -17045,6 +19948,62 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "30208d3e-0d6b-43c8-883e-44462a514619", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9db0cf3a-a3c9-4012-8268-123b9db6fd82", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "edf91964-b26e-4b4a-9600-ccacd7d7df24", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40f5caa0-4cb7-4117-89fc-d421bb493df3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29ba5a15-3b7b-4732-b817-65ea8f6468e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f59508a6-3615-47c3-b493-6676e1a39a87", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "222fbd21-fc4f-4b7e-9f85-0e6e3a76c33f", @@ -17551,18 +20510,22 @@ "value": "RTM - G0048" }, { - "description": "[Kimsuky](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0094) is a North Korean-based threat group that has been active since at least September 2013. The group focuses on targeting Korean think tank as well as DPRK/nuclear-related targets. The group was attributed as the actor behind the Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co. compromise.(Citation: EST Kimsuky April 2019)(Citation: BRI Kimsuky April 2019)", + "description": "[Kimsuky](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0094) is a North Korean-based threat group that has been active since at least September 2013. The group initially focused on targeting Korean think tanks and DPRK/nuclear-related targets, expanding recently to the United States, Russia, and Europe. The group was attributed as the actor behind the Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co. compromise.(Citation: EST Kimsuky April 2019)(Citation: BRI Kimsuky April 2019)(Citation: Cybereason Kimsuky November 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0094", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0094", "https://blog.alyac.co.kr/2234", "https://brica.de/alerts/alert/public/1255063/kimsuky-unveils-apt-campaign-smoke-screen-aimed-at-korea-and-america/", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/back-to-the-future-inside-the-kimsuky-kgh-spyware-suite", "https://securelist.com/the-kimsuky-operation-a-north-korean-apt/57915/", - "https://www.zdnet.com/article/cyber-espionage-group-uses-chrome-extension-to-infect-victims/" + "https://www.zdnet.com/article/cyber-espionage-group-uses-chrome-extension-to-infect-victims/", + "https://threatconnect.com/blog/kimsuky-phishing-operations-putting-in-work/" ], "synonyms": [ "Kimsuky", + "Thallium", + "Black Banshee", "Velvet Chollima" ] }, @@ -17706,6 +20669,209 @@ 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"https://pan-unit42.github.io/playbook_viewer/", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/12/targeted-attack-in-middle-east-by-apt34.html", "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/07/unit42-oilrig-targets-technology-service-provider-government-agency-quadagent/", + "https://www.secureworks.com/research/threat-profiles/cobalt-gypsy", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/meet-crowdstrikes-adversary-of-the-month-for-november-helix-kitten/" ], "synonyms": [ "OilRig", + "COBALT GYPSY", "IRN2", "HELIX KITTEN", "APT34" @@ -18258,6 +21426,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "4ca1929c-7d64-4aab-b849-badbfc0c760d", @@ -18657,13 +21832,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "2db31dcd-54da-405d-acef-b9129b816ed6", "tags": [ @@ -18733,6 +21901,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "7113eaa5-ba79-4fb3-b68a-398ee9cd698e", @@ -18840,17 +22015,19 @@ "value": "Rancor - G0075" }, { - "description": "[Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095) is a group that has been active since at least 2010, targeting high-profile government entities in Latin American countries.(Citation: Cylance Machete Mar 2017)(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019)", + "description": "[Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095) is a suspected Spanish-speaking cyber espionage group that has been active since at least 2010. It has primarily focused its operations within Latin America, with a particular emphasis on Venezuela, but also in the US, Europe, Russia, and parts of Asia. [Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095) generally targets high-profile organizations such as government institutions, intelligence services, and military units, as well as telecommunications and power companies.(Citation: Cylance Machete Mar 2017)(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019)(Citation: 360 Machete Sep 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "G0095", "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095", "https://threatvector.cylance.com/en_us/home/el-machete-malware-attacks-cut-through-latam.html", "https://securelist.com/el-machete/66108/", - "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ESET_Machete.pdf" + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ESET_Machete.pdf", + "https://blog.360totalsecurity.com/en/apt-c-43-steals-venezuelan-military-secrets-to-provide-intelligence-support-for-the-reactionaries-hpreact-campaign/" ], "synonyms": [ "Machete", + "APT-C-43", "El Machete" ] }, @@ -18876,48 +22053,6 @@ ], 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}, { "dest-uuid": "4b74a1d4-b0e9-4ef1-93f1-14ecc6e2f5b5", "tags": [ @@ -18939,13 +22074,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", "tags": [ @@ -18954,7 +22082,42 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "29ba5a15-3b7b-4732-b817-65ea8f6468e6", + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d742a578-d70e-4d0e-96a6-02a9c30204e6", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -18971,7 +22134,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0066", "http://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/8528/hacking/elderwood-project-who-is-behind-op-aurora-and-ongoing-attacks.html", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2012/0914/Stealing-US-business-secrets-Experts-ID-two-huge-cyber-gangs-in-China" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -18996,13 +22159,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "3f18edba-28f4-4bb9-82c3-8aa60dcac5f7", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "e9e9bfe2-76f4-4870-a2a1-b7af89808613", "tags": [ @@ -19311,7 +22467,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "bd5b58a4-a52d-4a29-bc0d-3f1d3968eb6b", + "dest-uuid": "42e8de7b-37b2-4258-905a-6897815e58e0", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -19332,10 +22488,15 @@ "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/MuddyWater-Operations-in-Lebanon-and-Oman.pdf", "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Clearsky-Iranian-APT-group-%E2%80%98MuddyWater%E2%80%99-Adds-Exploits-to-Their-Arsenal.pdf", "https://reaqta.com/2017/11/muddywater-apt-targeting-middle-east/", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/21/c/earth-vetala---muddywater-continues-to-target-organizations-in-t.html", + "https://www.anomali.com/blog/probable-iranian-cyber-actors-static-kitten-conducting-cyberespionage-campaign-targeting-uae-and-kuwait-government-agencies", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2018/03/iranian-threat-group-updates-ttps-in-spear-phishing-campaign.html" ], "synonyms": [ "MuddyWater", + "Earth Vetala ", + "MERCURY", + "Static Kitten", "Seedworm", "TEMP.Zagros" ] @@ -19690,6 +22851,118 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "88d31120-5bc7-4ce3-a9c0-7cf147be8e54", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a2fdce72-04b2-409a-ac10-cc1695f4fce0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be055942-6e63-49d7-9fa1-9cb7d8a8f3f4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + 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Despite law enforcement intervention against the creators, [Windigo](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0124) operators continued updating [Ebury](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0377) through 2019.(Citation: ESET Windigo Mar 2014)(Citation: CERN Windigo June 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0124", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0124", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2014/03/18/operation-windigo-the-vivisection-of-a-large-linux-server-side-credential-stealing-malware-campaign/", + "https://security.web.cern.ch/advisories/windigo/windigo.shtml" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Windigo" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d6b3fcd0-1c86-4350-96f0-965ed02fcc51", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "731f4f55-b6d0-41d1-a7a9-072a66389aea", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d742a578-d70e-4d0e-96a6-02a9c30204e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b6daca-e963-4a69-aee6-ed4fd653ad58", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "4e868dad-682d-4897-b8df-2dc98f46c68a", + "value": "Windigo - G0124" + }, + { + "description": "[HAFNIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0125) is a likely state-sponsored cyber espionage group operating out of China that has been active since at least January 2021. [HAFNIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0125) primarily targets entities in the US across a number of industry sectors, including infectious disease researchers, law firms, higher education institutions, defense contractors, policy think tanks, and NGOs.(Citation: Microsoft HAFNIUM March 2020)(Citation: Volexity Exchange Marauder March 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0125", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0125", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/02/hafnium-targeting-exchange-servers/", + "https://www.volexity.com/blog/2021/03/02/active-exploitation-of-microsoft-exchange-zero-day-vulnerabilities/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "HAFNIUM", + "Operation Exchange Marauder" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "be2dcee9-a7a7-4e38-afd6-21b31ecc3d63", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "88d31120-5bc7-4ce3-a9c0-7cf147be8e54", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf1b6176-597c-4600-bfcd-ac989670f96b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "774ad5bb-2366-4c13-a8a9-65e50b292e7c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79da0971-3147-4af6-a4f5-e8cd447cd795", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d0d3609-d06d-49e1-b9c9-b544e0c618cb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "65f2d882-3f41-4d48-8a06-29af77ec9f90", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b4694861-542c-48ea-9eb1-10d356e7140a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "00f90846-cbd1-4fc5-9233-df5c2bf2a662", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "69f897fd-12a9-4c89-ad6a-46d2f3c38262", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "edf91964-b26e-4b4a-9600-ccacd7d7df24", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9d48cab2-7929-4812-ad22-f536665f0109", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5a3a31fe-5a8f-48e1-bff0-a753e5b1be70", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56f46b17-8cfa-46c0-b501-dd52fef394e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ff6caf67-ea1f-4895-b80e-4bb0fc31c6db", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7610cada-1499-41a4-b3dd-46467b68d177", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0dda99f0-4701-48ca-9774-8504922e92d3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fdc47f44-dd32-4b99-af5f-209f556f63c2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c21d5a77-d422-4a69-acd7-2c53c1faa34b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "04fd5427-79c7-44ea-ae13-11b24778ff1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "2688b13e-8e71-405a-9c40-0dee94bddf87", + "value": "HAFNIUM - G0125" + }, + { + "description": "[Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) is a threat group suspected to have South Korean origins. [Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) has targeted government, public, and trade organizations in North Korea; however, they have also carried out attacks in China, Japan, Russia, Poland, and other nations. [Higaisa](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126) was first disclosed in early 2019 but is assessed to have operated as early as 2009.(Citation: Malwarebytes Higaisa 2020)(Citation: Zscaler Higaisa 2020)(Citation: PTSecurity Higaisa 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0126", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0126", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/threat-analysis/2020/06/higaisa/", + "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/return-higaisa-apt", + "https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/analytics/pt-esc-threat-intelligence/covid-19-and-new-year-greetings-the-higaisa-group/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Higaisa" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "5bfccc3f-2326-4112-86cc-c1ece9d8a2b5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + 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"e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0a68f1f1-da74-4d28-8d9a-696c082706cc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "54dfec3e-6464-4f74-9d69-b7c817b7e5a3", + "value": "Higaisa - G0126" + }, + { + "description": "[ZIRCONIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0128) is a threat group operating out of China, active since at least 2017, that has targeted individuals associated with the 2020 US presidential election and prominent leaders in the international affairs community.(Citation: Microsoft Targeting Elections September 2020)(Citation: Check Point APT31 February 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "G0128", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0128", + "https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2020/09/10/cyberattacks-us-elections-trump-biden/", + "https://research.checkpoint.com/2021/the-story-of-jian/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "ZIRCONIUM", + "APT31" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40f5caa0-4cb7-4117-89fc-d421bb493df3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "88d31120-5bc7-4ce3-a9c0-7cf147be8e54", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cca0ccb6-a068-4574-a722-b1556f86833a", + "tags": [ + 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"meta": { + "external_id": "S0539", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0539", + "https://news.sophos.com/en-us/2018/07/23/red-alert-2-0-android-trojan-targets-security-seekers/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Red Alert 2.0" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3dd58c80-4c2e-458c-9503-1b2cd273c4d2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "948a447c-d783-4ba0-8516-a64140fcacd5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c6a146ae-9c63-4606-97ff-e261e76e8380", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "6e282bbf-5f32-476a-b879-ba77eec463c8", + "value": "Red Alert 2.0 - S0539" + }, { "description": "[Exaramel for Linux](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0401) is a backdoor written in the Go Programming Language and compiled as a 64-bit ELF binary. The Windows version is tracked separately under [Exaramel for Windows](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0343).(Citation: ESET TeleBots Oct 2018)", "meta": { @@ -159,6 +277,48 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "106c0cf6-bf73-4601-9aa8-0945c2715ec5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6831414d-bb70-42b7-8030-d4e06b2660c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "11194d8b-fdce-45d2-8047-df15bb8f16bd", @@ -759,6 +919,134 @@ "uuid": "051eaca1-958f-4091-9e5f-a9acd8f820b5", "value": "Exaramel for Windows - S0343" }, + { + "description": "[P.A.S. Webshell](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0598) is a publicly available multifunctional PHP webshell in use since at least 2016 that provides remote access and execution on target web servers.(Citation: ANSSI Sandworm January 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0598", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0598", + "https://www.cert.ssi.gouv.fr/uploads/CERTFR-2021-CTI-005.pdf", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/sites/default/files/publications/AR-17-20045_Enhanced_Analysis_of_GRIZZLY_STEPPE_Activity.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "P.A.S. Webshell", + "Fobushell" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d28ef391-8ed4-45dc-bc4a-2f43abf54416", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09c4c11e-4fa1-4f8c-8dad-3cf8e69ad119", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3a12395-188d-4051-9a16-ea8e14d07b88", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09b130a2-a77e-4af0-a361-f46f9aad1345", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b6daca-e963-4a69-aee6-ed4fd653ad58", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d0d3609-d06d-49e1-b9c9-b544e0c618cb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "4800d0f9-00aa-47cd-a4d2-92198585b8fd", + "value": "P.A.S. Webshell - S0598" + }, { "description": "[gh0st RAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0032) is a remote access tool (RAT). The source code is public and it has been used by multiple groups. (Citation: FireEye Hacking Team)(Citation: Arbor Musical Chairs Feb 2018)(Citation: Nccgroup Gh0st April 2018)", "meta": { @@ -771,7 +1059,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0032", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2015/07/demonstrating_hustle.html", "https://www.arbornetworks.com/blog/asert/musical-chairs-playing-tetris/", - "https://www.nccgroup.trust/us/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blog/2018/april/decoding-network-data-from-a-gh0st-rat-variant/" + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2018/04/17/decoding-network-data-from-a-gh0st-rat-variant/" ], "synonyms": [ "gh0st RAT" @@ -958,7 +1246,7 @@ "value": "gh0st RAT - S0032" }, { - "description": "[China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) is a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1100) hosted on Web servers to provide access back into an enterprise network that does not rely on an infected system calling back to a remote command and control server. (Citation: Lee 2013) It has been used by several threat groups. (Citation: Dell TG-3390) (Citation: FireEye Periscope March 2018)", + "description": "[China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) is a [Web Shell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1505/003) hosted on Web servers to provide access back into an enterprise network that does not rely on an infected system calling back to a remote command and control server. (Citation: Lee 2013) It has been used by several threat groups. (Citation: Dell TG-3390) (Citation: FireEye Periscope March 2018)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0020", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -1689,13 +1977,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "2bb20118-e6c0-41dc-a07c-283ea4dd0fb8", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", "tags": [ @@ -1828,7 +2109,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0056", - "https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" + "https://web.archive.org/web/20200302085133/https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ "Net Crawler", @@ -2117,13 +2398,97 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec8fc7e2-b356-455c-8db5-2e37be158e7d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be2dcee9-a7a7-4e38-afd6-21b31ecc3d63", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "837f9164-50af-4ac0-8219-379d8a74cefc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "341e222a-a6e3-4f6f-b69c-831d792b1580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b200542e-e877-4395-875b-cf1a44537ca4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c48a67ee-b657-45c1-91bf-6cdbe27205f8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "e7a5229f-05eb-440e-b982-9a6d2b2b87c8", "value": "Agent Tesla - S0331" }, { - "description": "[Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154) is a commercial, full-featured, penetration testing tool which bills itself as “adversary simulation software designed to execute targeted attacks and emulate the post-exploitation actions of advanced threat actors”. Cobalt Strike’s interactive post-exploit capabilities cover the full range of ATT&CK tactics, all executed within a single, integrated system. (Citation: cobaltstrike manual)\n\nIn addition to its own capabilities, [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154) leverages the capabilities of other well-known tools such as Metasploit and [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002). (Citation: cobaltstrike manual)", + "description": "[Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154) is a commercial, full-featured, remote access tool that bills itself as “adversary simulation software designed to execute targeted attacks and emulate the post-exploitation actions of advanced threat actors”. Cobalt Strike’s interactive post-exploit capabilities cover the full range of ATT&CK tactics, all executed within a single, integrated system.(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)\n\nIn addition to its own capabilities, [Cobalt Strike](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0154) leverages the capabilities of other well-known tools such as Metasploit and [Mimikatz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0002).(Citation: cobaltstrike manual)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0154", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -2153,14 +2518,14 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -2223,7 +2588,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "fdc47f44-dd32-4b99-af5f-209f556f63c2", + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -2236,6 +2601,20 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b21c3b2d-02e6-45b1-980b-e69051040839", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fdc47f44-dd32-4b99-af5f-209f556f63c2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "120d5519-3098-4e1c-9191-2aa61232f073", "tags": [ @@ -2250,27 +2629,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "b21c3b2d-02e6-45b1-980b-e69051040839", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "f72eb8a8-cd4c-461d-a814-3f862befbf00", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "f6dacc85-b37d-458e-b58d-74fc4bbf5755", "tags": [ @@ -2278,6 +2636,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "86850eff-2729-40c3-b85e-c4af26da4a2d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", "tags": [ @@ -2292,27 +2657,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "86850eff-2729-40c3-b85e-c4af26da4a2d", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "f1951e8a-500e-4a26-8803-76d95c4554b4", "tags": [ @@ -2327,6 +2671,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "1644e709-12d2-41e5-a60f-3470991f5011", "tags": [ @@ -2341,6 +2692,13 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", "tags": [ @@ -2348,34 +2706,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "f879d51c-5476-431c-aedf-f14d207e4d1e", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "c8e87b83-edbb-48d4-9295-4974897525b7", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - 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[ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "355be19c-ffc9-46d5-8d50-d6a036c675b6", "tags": [ @@ -2418,34 +2720,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "1996eef1-ced3-4d7f-bf94-33298cabbf72", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, - { - "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", "tags": [ @@ -2453,12 +2727,201 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f879d51c-5476-431c-aedf-f14d207e4d1e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1996eef1-ced3-4d7f-bf94-33298cabbf72", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3489cfc5-640f-4bb3-a103-9137b97de79f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, { "dest-uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c3d4bdd9-2cfe-4a80-9d0c-07a29ecdce8f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b200542e-e877-4395-875b-cf1a44537ca4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": 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"c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be2dcee9-a7a7-4e38-afd6-21b31ecc3d63", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "a7881f21-e978-4fe4-af56-92c9416a2616", @@ -2481,6 +2944,13 @@ ] }, "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "e69f9836-873a-43d3-92a8-97ab783a4171", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"likely\"" + ], + "type": "similar" + }, { "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", "tags": [ @@ -2566,11 +3036,11 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "e69f9836-873a-43d3-92a8-97ab783a4171", + "dest-uuid": "c877e33f-1df6-40d6-b1e7-ce70f16f4979", "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"likely\"" + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], - "type": "similar" + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "54895630-efd2-4608-9c24-319de972a9eb", @@ -3268,6 +3738,132 @@ "uuid": "b9799466-9dd7-4098-b2d6-f999ce50b9a8", "value": "Gold Dragon - S0249" }, + { + "description": "[Caterpillar WebShell](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0572) is a self-developed Web Shell tool created by the group [Volatile Cedar](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0123).(Citation: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0572", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0572", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Lebanese-Cedar-APT.pdf", + "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/03/20082004/volatile-cedar-technical-report.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Caterpillar WebShell" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0f20e3cb-245b-4a61-8a91-2d93f7cb0e9b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93494bb-4b80-4ea1-8695-3236a49916fd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": 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+ "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "751b77e6-af1f-483b-93fe-eddf17f92a64", + "value": "Caterpillar WebShell - S0572" + }, { "description": "[Cobian RAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0338) is a backdoor, remote access tool that has been observed since 2016.(Citation: Zscaler Cobian Aug 2017)", "meta": { @@ -3526,7 +4122,125 @@ "value": "Cardinal RAT - S0348" }, { - "description": "[Olympic Destroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365) is malware that was first seen infecting computer systems at the 2018 Winter Olympics, held in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The main purpose of the malware appears to be to cause destructive impact to the affected systems. The malware leverages various native Windows utilities and API calls to carry out its destructive tasks. The malware has worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network in order to maximize its destructive impact.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) ", + "description": "[Golden Cup](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0535) is Android spyware that has been used to target World Cup fans.(Citation: Symantec GoldenCup) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0535", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0535", + "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/expert-perspectives/goldencup-new-cyber-threat-targeting-world-cup-fans" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Golden Cup" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d9db3d46-66ca-44b4-9daa-1ef97cb7465a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d8940e76-f9c1-4912-bea6-e21c251370b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b936a4-6321-4172-9114-038a866362ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "f3975cc0-72bc-4308-836e-ac701b83860e", + "value": "Golden Cup - S0535" + }, + { + "description": "[Olympic Destroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365) is malware that was used by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) against the 2018 Winter Olympics, held in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The main purpose of the malware was to render infected computer systems inoperable. The malware leverages various native Windows utilities and API calls to carry out its destructive tasks. [Olympic Destroyer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365) has worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network in order to maximize its destructive impact.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020) ", "meta": { "external_id": "S0365", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -3534,7 +4248,8 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0365", - "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/02/olympic-destroyer.html" + "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/02/olympic-destroyer.html", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download" ], "synonyms": [ "Olympic Destroyer" @@ -3984,6 +4699,173 @@ "uuid": "5a5dca4c-03c1-4b99-bfcf-c206e20aa663", "value": "DEFENSOR ID - S0479" }, + { + "description": "[Tiktok Pro](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0558) is spyware that has been masquerading as the TikTok application.(Citation: Zscaler TikTok Spyware)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0558", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0558", + "https://www.zscaler.com/blogs/security-research/tiktok-spyware" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Tiktok Pro" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d8940e76-f9c1-4912-bea6-e21c251370b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fd658820-cbba-4c95-8ac9-0fac6b1099e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "648f8051-1a35-46d3-b1d8-3a3f5cf2cc8e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3dd58c80-4c2e-458c-9503-1b2cd273c4d2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "73c26732-6422-4081-8b63-6d0ae93d449e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8e27551a-5080-4148-a584-c64348212e4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "00290ac5-551e-44aa-bbd8-c4b913488a6d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "c6abcaf8-1765-41f8-9fe5-03d42fd0f6c0", + "value": "Tiktok Pro - S0558" + }, { "description": "[Trojan-SMS.AndroidOS.FakeInst.a](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0306) is Android malware. (Citation: Kaspersky-MobileMalware)", "meta": { @@ -4656,6 +5538,151 @@ "uuid": "d05f7357-4cbe-47ea-bf83-b8604226d533", "value": "Android/Chuli.A - S0304" }, + { + "description": "[AndroidOS/MalLocker.B](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0524) is a variant of a ransomware family targeting Android devices. It prevents the user from interacting with the UI by displaying a screen containing a ransom note over all other windows. (Citation: Microsoft MalLockerB)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0524", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0524", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/10/08/sophisticated-new-android-malware-marks-the-latest-evolution-of-mobile-ransomware/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "AndroidOS/MalLocker.B" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9d7c32f4-ab39-49dc-8055-8106bc2294a1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "9b86f8c3-33ab-44cf-a66d-c0fd6070e2ce", + "value": "AndroidOS/MalLocker.B - S0524" + }, + { + "description": "[Android/AdDisplay.Ashas](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0525) is a variant of adware that has been distributed through multiple apps in the Google Play Store. (Citation: WeLiveSecurity AdDisplayAshas)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0525", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0525", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2019/10/24/tracking-down-developer-android-adware/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Android/AdDisplay.Ashas" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d9db3d46-66ca-44b4-9daa-1ef97cb7465a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fd658820-cbba-4c95-8ac9-0fac6b1099e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "786f488c-cb1f-4602-89c5-86d982ee326b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f981d199-2720-467e-9dc9-eea04dbe05cf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "f7e7b736-2cff-4c2a-9232-352cd383463a", + "value": "Android/AdDisplay.Ashas - S0525" + }, { "description": "[Trojan.Mebromi](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0001) is BIOS-level malware that takes control of the victim before MBR. (Citation: Ge 2011)", "meta": { @@ -5084,7 +6111,7 @@ "value": "Trojan.Karagany - S0094" }, { - "description": "[OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0352) is a MacOS backdoor that has been used by [APT32](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0050).(Citation: TrendMicro MacOS April 2018)", + "description": "[OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0352) is a MacOS backdoor with several variants that has been used by [APT32](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0050).(Citation: TrendMicro MacOS April 2018)(Citation: Trend Micro MacOS Backdoor November 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0352", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -5092,10 +6119,12 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0352", - "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/new-macos-backdoor-linked-to-oceanlotus-found/" + "https://blog.trendmicro.com/trendlabs-security-intelligence/new-macos-backdoor-linked-to-oceanlotus-found/", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/20/k/new-macos-backdoor-connected-to-oceanlotus-surfaces.html" ], "synonyms": [ - "OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D" + "OSX_OCEANLOTUS.D", + "Backdoor.MacOS.OCEANLOTUS.F" ] }, "related": [ @@ -5182,6 +6211,55 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "31a0a2ac-c67c-4a7e-b9ed-6a96477d4e8e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "47f2d673-ca62-47e9-929b-1b0be9657611", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "b00f90b6-c75c-4bfd-b813-ca9e6c9ebf29", @@ -5660,7 +6738,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0030", "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/08064518/Carbanak_APT_eng.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2017/06/behind-the-carbanak-backdoor.html", - "https://www.fox-it.com/en/about-fox-it/corporate/news/anunak-aka-carbanak-update/" + "https://www.fox-it.com/en/news/blog/anunak-aka-carbanak-update/" ], "synonyms": [ "Carbanak", @@ -5876,7 +6954,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0004", - "https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" + "https://web.archive.org/web/20200302085133/https://www.cylance.com/content/dam/cylance/pages/operation-cleaver/Cylance_Operation_Cleaver_Report.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ "TinyZBot" @@ -6169,6 +7247,125 @@ "uuid": "2eb9b131-d333-4a48-9eb4-d8dec46c19ee", "value": "CosmicDuke - S0050" }, + { + "description": "[Doki](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0600) is a backdoor that uses a unique Dogecoin-based Domain Generation Algorithm and was first observed in July 2020. [Doki](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0600) was used in conjunction with the [Ngrok](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0508) Mining Botnet in a campaign that targeted Docker servers in cloud platforms. (Citation: Intezer Doki July 20)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0600", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "Containers" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0600", + "https://www.intezer.com/blog/cloud-security/watch-your-containers-doki-infecting-docker-servers-in-the-cloud/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Doki" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf176076-b789-408e-8cba-7275e81c0ada", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "10d51417-ee35-4589-b1ff-b6df1c334e8d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "118f61a5-eb3e-4fb6-931f-2096647f4ecd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "774a3188-6ba9-4dc4-879d-d54ee48a5ce9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "4f1c389e-a80e-4a3e-9b0e-9be8c91df64f", + "value": "Doki - S0600" + }, { "description": "[HTTPBrowser](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0070) is malware that has been used by several threat groups. (Citation: ThreatStream Evasion Analysis) (Citation: Dell TG-3390) It is believed to be of Chinese origin. (Citation: ThreatConnect Anthem)", "meta": { @@ -6348,7 +7545,7 @@ "value": "Mivast - S0080" }, { - "description": "[Hikit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0009) is malware that has been used by [Axiom](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0001) for late-stage persistence and exfiltration after the initial compromise. (Citation: Novetta-Axiom) (Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)", + "description": "[Hikit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0009) is malware that has been used by [Axiom](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0001) for late-stage persistence and exfiltration after the initial compromise.(Citation: Novetta-Axiom)(Citation: FireEye Hikit Rootkit)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0009", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -6419,6 +7616,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "95047f03-4811-4300-922e-1ba937d53a61", @@ -6960,7 +8164,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0012", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/rpt-poison-ivy.pdf", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2005-081910-3934-99", "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/life-mars-how-attackers-took-advantage-hope-alien-existance-new-darkmoon-campaign" ], @@ -7096,6 +8300,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "22522668-ddf6-470b-a027-9d6866679f67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "b42378e0-f147-496f-992a-26a49705395b", @@ -7110,7 +8321,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0210", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-051515-3445-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -7689,6 +8900,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e0232cb0-ded5-4c2e-9dc7-2893142a5c11", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "50d6688b-0985-4f3d-8cbe-0c796b30703b", @@ -8434,6 +9652,217 @@ "uuid": "007b44b6-e4c5-480b-b5b9-56f2081b1b7b", "value": "HDoor - S0061" }, + { + "description": "[Hildegard](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0601) is malware that targets misconfigured kubelets for initial access and runs cryptocurrency miner operations. The malware was first observed in January 2021. The TeamTNT activity group is believed to be behind [Hildegard](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0601). (Citation: Unit 42 Hildegard Malware)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0601", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux", + "Containers", + "IaaS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0601", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/hildegard-malware-teamtnt/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Hildegard" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "cd25c1b4-935c-4f0e-ba8d-552f28bc4783", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4061e78c-1284-44b4-9116-73e4ac3912f7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "19bf235b-8620-4997-b5b4-94e0659ed7c3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0470e792-32f8-46b0-a351-652bc35e9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "10d51417-ee35-4589-b1ff-b6df1c334e8d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "837f9164-50af-4ac0-8219-379d8a74cefc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "355be19c-ffc9-46d5-8d50-d6a036c675b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4a5b7ade-8bb5-4853-84ed-23f262002665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b21c3b2d-02e6-45b1-980b-e69051040839", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfefe2ed-4389-4318-8762-f0272b350a1b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "635cbe30-392d-4e27-978e-66774357c762", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0f20e3cb-245b-4a61-8a91-2d93f7cb0e9b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "60b508a1-6a5e-46b1-821a-9f7b78752abf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3aef9463-9a7a-43ba-8957-a867e07c1e6a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3a12395-188d-4051-9a16-ea8e14d07b88", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "40a1b8ec-7295-416c-a6b1-68181d86f120", + "value": "Hildegard - S0601" + }, { "description": "[BISCUIT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0017) is a backdoor that has been used by [APT1](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0006) since as early as 2007. (Citation: Mandiant APT1)", "meta": { @@ -9895,7 +11324,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0203", "https://community.softwaregrp.com/t5/Security-Research/9002-RAT-a-second-building-on-the-left/ba-p/228686#.WosBVKjwZPZ", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/trojanhydraq-incident", "https://www.arbornetworks.com/blog/asert/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/ASERT-Threat-Intelligence-Brief-2015-08-Uncovering-the-Seven-Point-Dagger.pdf", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2013/11/operation-ephemeral-hydra-ie-zero-day-linked-to-deputydog-uses-diskless-method.html", @@ -10243,7 +11672,7 @@ "value": "Twitoor - S0302" }, { - "description": "[Get2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0460) is a downloader written in C++ that has been used by [TA505](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0092) to deliver [FlawedGrace](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0383), [FlawedAmmyy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0381), Snatch and [SDBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0461).(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)", + "description": "[Get2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0460) is a downloader written in C++ that has been used by [TA505](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0092) to deliver [FlawedGrace](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0383), [FlawedAmmyy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0381), Snatch and [SDBbot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0461).(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0460", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -10469,7 +11898,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -10502,7 +11931,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0204", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-051515-2843-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -10809,6 +12238,174 @@ "uuid": "5a84dc36-df0d-4053-9b7c-f0c388a57283", "value": "CALENDAR - S0025" }, + { + "description": "[BLINDINGCAN](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0520) is a remote access Trojan that has been used by the North Korean government since at least early 2020 in cyber operations against defense, engineering, and government organizations in Western Europe and the US.(Citation: US-CERT BLINDINGCAN Aug 2020)(Citation: NHS UK BLINDINGCAN Aug 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0520", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0520", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-232a", + "https://digital.nhs.uk/cyber-alerts/2020/cc-3603" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "BLINDINGCAN" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "47f2d673-ca62-47e9-929b-1b0be9657611", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0a5231ec-41af-4a35-83d0-6bdf11f28c65", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "04fd5427-79c7-44ea-ae13-11b24778ff1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "32901740-b42c-4fdd-bc02-345b5dc57082", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "01dbc71d-0ee8-420d-abb4-3dfb6a4bf725", + "value": "BLINDINGCAN - S0520" + }, { "description": "[OnionDuke](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0052) is malware that was used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) from 2013 to 2015. (Citation: F-Secure The Dukes)", "meta": { @@ -10985,7 +12582,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0205", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-061518-4639-99", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf" + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ "Naid" @@ -11080,6 +12677,37 @@ "uuid": "f2e8c7a1-cae1-45c4-baf0-6f21bdcbb2c2", "value": "GLOOXMAIL - S0026" }, + { + "description": "[Circles](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0602) reportedly takes advantage of Signaling System 7 (SS7) weaknesses, the protocol suite used to route phone calls, to both track the location of mobile devices and intercept voice calls and SMS messages. It can be connected to a telecommunications company’s infrastructure or purchased as a cloud service. Circles has reportedly been linked to the NSO Group.(Citation: CitizenLab Circles)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0602", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0602", + "https://citizenlab.ca/2020/12/running-in-circles-uncovering-the-clients-of-cyberespionage-firm-circles/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Circles" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "fb3fa94a-3aee-4ab0-b7e7-abdf0a51286d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52651225-0b3a-482d-aa7e-10618fd063b5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "c6a07c89-a24c-4c7e-9e3e-6153cc595e24", + "value": "Circles - S0602" + }, { "description": "[DustySky](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0062) is multi-stage malware written in .NET that has been used by [Molerats](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0021) since May 2015. (Citation: DustySky) (Citation: DustySky2)(Citation: Kaspersky MoleRATs April 2019)", "meta": { @@ -11089,6 +12717,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0062", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Operation%20DustySky_TLP_WHITE.pdf", "http://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Operation-DustySky2_-6.2016_TLP_White.pdf", "https://securelist.com/gaza-cybergang-group1-operation-sneakypastes/90068/" ], @@ -11217,13 +12846,6 @@ ], "type": "uses" }, - { - "dest-uuid": "ff73aa03-0090-4464-83ac-f89e233c02bc", - "tags": [ - "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" - ], - "type": "uses" - }, { "dest-uuid": "348f1eef-964b-4eb6-bb53-69b3dcb0c643", "tags": [ @@ -11790,7 +13412,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0206", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-051606-1005-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -12076,7 +13698,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0207", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-051606-5938-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -12381,7 +14003,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0208", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-050412-4128-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -13177,6 +14799,110 @@ "uuid": "1cdbbcab-903a-414d-8eb0-439a97343737", "value": "FrameworkPOS - S0503" }, + { + "description": "[Melcoz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0530) is a banking trojan family built from the open source tool Remote Access PC. [Melcoz](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0530) was first observed in attacks in Brazil and since 2018 has spread to Chile, Mexico, Spain, and Portugal.(Citation: Securelist Brazilian Banking Malware July 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0530", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0530", + "https://securelist.com/the-tetrade-brazilian-banking-malware/97779/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Melcoz" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "544b0346-29ad-41e1-a808-501bb4193f47", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "30973a08-aed9-4edf-8604-9084ce1b5c4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d0613359-5781-4fd2-b5be-c269270be1f6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "d3105fb5-c494-4fd1-a7be-414eab9e0c96", + "value": "Melcoz - S0530" + }, { "description": "[zwShell](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0350) is a remote access tool (RAT) written in Delphi that has been used by [Night Dragon](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0014).(Citation: McAfee Night Dragon)", "meta": { @@ -14675,6 +16401,111 @@ "uuid": "fb575479-14ef-41e9-bfab-0b7cf10bec73", "value": "ADVSTORESHELL - S0045" }, + { + "description": "[Asacub](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0540) is a banking trojan that attempts to steal money from victims’ bank accounts. It attempts to do this by initiating a wire transfer via SMS message from compromised devices.(Citation: Securelist Asacub)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0540", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0540", + "https://securelist.com/the-rise-of-mobile-banker-asacub/87591/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Asacub", + "Trojan-SMS.AndroidOS.Smaps" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b936a4-6321-4172-9114-038a866362ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52eff1c7-dd30-4121-b762-24ae6fa61bbb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "a76b837b-93cc-417d-bf28-c47a6a284fa4", + "value": "Asacub - S0540" + }, { "description": "[Anchor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0504) is one of a family of backdoor malware that has been used in conjunction with [TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266) on selected high profile targets since at least 2018.(Citation: Cyberreason Anchor December 2019)(Citation: Medium Anchor DNS July 2020)", "meta": { @@ -15966,7 +17797,7 @@ "value": "GeminiDuke - S0049" }, { - "description": "[Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0409) is a cyber espionage toolset developed by a Spanish-speaking group known as El [Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095). It is a Python-based backdoor targeting Windows machines, and it was first observed in 2010.(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019)(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)", + "description": "[Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0409) is a cyber espionage toolset used by [Machete](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0095). It is a Python-based backdoor targeting Windows machines that was first observed in 2010.(Citation: ESET Machete July 2019)(Citation: Securelist Machete Aug 2014)(Citation: 360 Machete Sep 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0409", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -15975,10 +17806,12 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0409", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/ESET_Machete.pdf", - "https://securelist.com/el-machete/66108/" + "https://securelist.com/el-machete/66108/", + "https://blog.360totalsecurity.com/en/apt-c-43-steals-venezuelan-military-secrets-to-provide-intelligence-support-for-the-reactionaries-hpreact-campaign/" ], "synonyms": [ - "Machete" + "Machete", + "Pyark" ] }, "related": [ @@ -16254,11 +18087,171 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "04fd5427-79c7-44ea-ae13-11b24778ff1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "35cd1d01-1ede-44d2-b073-a264d727bc04", "value": "Machete - S0409" }, + { + "description": "[DoubleAgent](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0550) is a family of RAT malware dating back to 2013, known to target groups with contentious relationships with the Chinese government.(Citation: Lookout Uyghur Campaign)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0550", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0550", + "https://www.lookout.com/documents/threat-reports/us/lookout-uyghur-malware-tr-us.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "DoubleAgent" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8e27551a-5080-4148-a584-c64348212e4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fd658820-cbba-4c95-8ac9-0fac6b1099e2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "702055ac-4e54-4ae9-9527-e23a38e0b160", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c5089859-b21f-40a3-8be4-63e381b8b1c0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "351c0927-2fc1-4a2c-ad84-cbbee7eb8172", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "3d6c4389-3489-40a3-beda-c56e650b6f68", + "value": "DoubleAgent - S0550" + }, { "description": "[RARSTONE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0055) is malware used by the [Naikon](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0019) group that has some characteristics similar to [PlugX](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0013). (Citation: Aquino RARSTONE)", "meta": { @@ -16314,6 +18307,69 @@ "uuid": "8c553311-0baa-4146-997a-f79acef3d831", "value": "RARSTONE - S0055" }, + { + "description": "[TEARDROP](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0560) is a memory-only dropper that was discovered on some victim machines during investigations related to the 2020 SolarWinds cyber intrusion. It was likely used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) since at least May 2020.(Citation: FireEye SUNBURST Backdoor December 2020)(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0560", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0560", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/12/evasive-attacker-leverages-solarwinds-supply-chain-compromises-with-sunburst-backdoor.html", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/01/20/deep-dive-into-the-solorigate-second-stage-activation-from-sunburst-to-teardrop-and-raindrop/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "TEARDROP" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "32f49626-87f4-4d6c-8f59-a0dca953fe26", + "value": "TEARDROP - S0560" + }, { "description": "[ViperRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0506) is sophisticated surveillanceware that has been in operation since at least 2015 and was used to target the Israeli Defense Force.(Citation: Lookout ViperRAT) ", "meta": { @@ -16425,6 +18481,154 @@ "uuid": "f666e17c-b290-43b3-8947-b96bd5148fbb", "value": "ViperRAT - S0506" }, + { + "description": "[BitPaymer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0570) is a ransomware variant first observed in August 2017 targeting hospitals in the U.K. [BitPaymer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0570) uses a unique encryption key, ransom note, and contact information for each operation. [BitPaymer](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0570) has several indicators suggesting overlap with the [Dridex](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0384) malware and is often delivered via [Dridex](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0384).(Citation: Crowdstrike Indrik November 2018)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0570", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0570", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/big-game-hunting-the-evolution-of-indrik-spider-from-dridex-wire-fraud-to-bitpaymer-targeted-ransomware/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "BitPaymer", + "wp_encrypt", + "FriedEx" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "853c4192-4311-43e1-bfbb-b11b14911852", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f5d8eed6-48a9-4cdf-a3d7-d1ffa99c3d2a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "86850eff-2729-40c3-b85e-c4af26da4a2d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "47f2d673-ca62-47e9-929b-1b0be9657611", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3489cfc5-640f-4bb3-a103-9137b97de79f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f2857333-11d4-45bf-b064-2c28d8525be5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "120d5519-3098-4e1c-9191-2aa61232f073", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "34e793de-0274-4982-9c1a-246ed1c19dee", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "322bad5a-1c49-4d23-ab79-76d641794afa", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "fa766a65-5136-4ff3-8429-36d08eaa0100", + "value": "BitPaymer - S0570" + }, { "description": "[eSurv](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0507) is mobile surveillanceware designed for the lawful intercept market that was developed over the course of many years.(Citation: Lookout eSurv)", "meta": { @@ -17632,6 +19836,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "565275d5-fcc3-4b66-b4e7-928e4cac6b8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "54cc1d4f-5c53-4f0e-9ef5-11b4998e82e4", @@ -17749,7 +19967,7 @@ "value": "H1N1 - S0132" }, { - "description": "[ROCKBOOT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0112) is a [Bootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1067) that has been used by an unidentified, suspected China-based group. (Citation: FireEye Bootkits)", + "description": "[ROCKBOOT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0112) is a [Bootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/003) that has been used by an unidentified, suspected China-based group. (Citation: FireEye Bootkits)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0112", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -17784,7 +20002,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0211", - "http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", + "https://web.archive.org/web/20190717233006/http://www.symantec.com/content/en/us/enterprise/media/security_response/whitepapers/the-elderwood-project.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/security_response/writeup.jsp?docid=2012-051605-2535-99" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -18102,7 +20320,7 @@ "value": "YiSpecter - S0311" }, { - "description": "[BOOTRASH](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0114) is a [Bootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1067) that targets Windows operating systems. It has been used by threat actors that target the financial sector.(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits)(Citation: FireEye BOOTRASH SANS)", + "description": "[BOOTRASH](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0114) is a [Bootkit](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1542/003) that targets Windows operating systems. It has been used by threat actors that target the financial sector.(Citation: Mandiant M Trends 2016)(Citation: FireEye Bootkits)(Citation: FireEye BOOTRASH SANS)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0114", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -18918,6 +21136,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "fece06b7-d4b1-42cf-b81a-5323c917546e", @@ -20567,7 +22792,7 @@ "value": "Remsec - S0125" }, { - "description": "[Zebrocy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0251) is a Trojan that has been used by [APT28](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0007) since at least November 2015. The malware comes in several programming language variants, including C++, Delphi, AutoIt, C#, and VB.NET. (Citation: Palo Alto Sofacy 06-2018)(Citation: Unit42 Cannon Nov 2018)(Citation: Unit42 Sofacy Dec 2018)", + "description": "[Zebrocy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0251) is a Trojan that has been used by [APT28](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0007) since at least November 2015. The malware comes in several programming language variants, including C++, Delphi, AutoIt, C#, VB.NET, and Golang. (Citation: Palo Alto Sofacy 06-2018)(Citation: Unit42 Cannon Nov 2018)(Citation: Unit42 Sofacy Dec 2018)(Citation: CISA Zebrocy Oct 2020) ", "meta": { "external_id": "S0251", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -20578,6 +22803,7 @@ "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/06/unit42-sofacy-groups-parallel-attacks/", "https://researchcenter.paloaltonetworks.com/2018/11/unit42-sofacy-continues-global-attacks-wheels-new-cannon-trojan/", "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/dear-joohn-sofacy-groups-global-campaign/", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-303b", "https://www.cyberscoop.com/apt28-brexit-phishing-accenture/", "https://www.accenture.com/t20181129T203820Z__w__/us-en/_acnmedia/PDF-90/Accenture-snakemackerel-delivers-zekapab-malware.pdf#zoom=50" ], @@ -20803,6 +23029,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "a4f57468-fbd5-49e4-8476-52088220b92d", @@ -20972,6 +23205,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "da5880b4-f7da-4869-85f2-e0aba84b8565", @@ -21505,7 +23745,7 @@ "value": "SHUTTERSPEED - S0217" }, { - "description": "[Reaver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0172) is a malware family that has been in the wild since at least late 2016. Reporting indicates victims have primarily been associated with the \"Five Poisons,\" which are movements the Chinese government considers dangerous. The type of malware is rare due to its final payload being in the form of [Control Panel Items](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1196). (Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)", + "description": "[Reaver](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0172) is a malware family that has been in the wild since at least late 2016. Reporting indicates victims have primarily been associated with the \"Five Poisons,\" which are movements the Chinese government considers dangerous. The type of malware is rare due to its final payload being in the form of [Control Panel](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1218/002) items.(Citation: Palo Alto Reaver Nov 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0172", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -23025,6 +25265,314 @@ "uuid": "507fe748-5e4a-4b45-9e9f-8b1115f4e878", "value": "DualToy - S0315" }, + { + "description": "[Grandoreiro](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0531) is a banking trojan written in Delphi that was first observed in 2016 and uses a Malware-as-a-Service (MaaS) business model. [Grandoreiro](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0531) has confirmed victims in Brazil, Mexico, Portugal, and Spain.(Citation: Securelist Brazilian Banking Malware July 2020)(Citation: ESET Grandoreiro April 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0531", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0531", + "https://securelist.com/the-tetrade-brazilian-banking-malware/97779/", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/04/28/grandoreiro-how-engorged-can-exe-get/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Grandoreiro" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "544b0346-29ad-41e1-a808-501bb4193f47", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + 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"estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bc31b94-045b-4752-8920-aebaebdb6470", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "958b5d06-8bb0-4c5b-a2e7-0130fe654ac7", + "value": "Grandoreiro - S0531" + }, { "description": "[RedLeaves](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0153) is a malware family used by [menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045). The code overlaps with [PlugX](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0013) and may be based upon the open source tool Trochilus. (Citation: PWC Cloud Hopper Technical Annex April 2017) (Citation: FireEye APT10 April 2017)", "meta": { @@ -24167,6 +26715,27 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "840a987a-99bd-4a80-a5c9-0cb2baa6cade", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "d1b7830a-fced-4be3-a99c-f495af9d9e1b", @@ -24873,7 +27442,7 @@ "value": "TEXTMATE - S0146" }, { - "description": "[SDBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0461) is a backdoor with installer and loader components that has been used by [TA505](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0092) since at least 2019.(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)(Citation: IBM TA505 April 2020)", + "description": "[SDBbot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0461) is a backdoor with installer and loader components that has been used by [TA505](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0092) since at least 2019.(Citation: Proofpoint TA505 October 2019)(Citation: IBM TA505 April 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0461", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -24885,7 +27454,7 @@ "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/ta505-continues-to-infect-networks-with-sdbbot-rat/" ], "synonyms": [ - "SDBot" + "SDBbot" ] }, "related": [ @@ -25031,7 +27600,7 @@ } ], "uuid": "92b03a94-7147-4952-9d5a-b4d24da7487c", - "value": "SDBot - S0461" + "value": "SDBbot - S0461" }, { "description": "[RDFSNIFFER](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0416) is a module loaded by [BOOSTWRITE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0415) which allows an attacker to monitor and tamper with legitimate connections made via an application designed to provide visibility and system management capabilities to remote IT techs.(Citation: FireEye FIN7 Oct 2019)", @@ -26461,6 +29030,142 @@ "uuid": "98e8a977-3416-43aa-87fa-33e287e9c14c", "value": "WINDSHIELD - S0155" }, + { + "description": "[GoldenEagle](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0551) is a piece of Android malware that has been used in targeting of Uyghurs, Muslims, Tibetans, individuals in Turkey, and individuals in China. Samples have been found as early as 2012.(Citation: Lookout Uyghur Campaign)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0551", + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0551", + "https://www.lookout.com/documents/threat-reports/us/lookout-uyghur-malware-tr-us.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GoldenEagle" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "702055ac-4e54-4ae9-9527-e23a38e0b160", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d8940e76-f9c1-4912-bea6-e21c251370b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "73c26732-6422-4081-8b63-6d0ae93d449e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cde2cb84-455e-410c-8aa9-086f2788bcd2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "0b9c5d11-651a-4378-b129-5c584d0242c5", + "value": "GoldenEagle - S0551" + }, { "description": "[WellMail](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0515) is a lightweight malware written in Golang used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016), similar in design and structure to [WellMess](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0514).(Citation: CISA WellMail July 2020)(Citation: NCSC APT29 July 2020)", "meta": { @@ -26698,6 +29403,68 @@ "uuid": "7dbb67c7-270a-40ad-836e-c45f8948aa5a", "value": "KOMPROGO - S0156" }, + { + "description": "[GuLoader](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0561) is a file downloader that has been used since at least December 2019 to distribute a variety of remote administration tool (RAT) malware, including [NETWIRE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0198).(Citation: Unit 42 NETWIRE April 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0561", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0561", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/guloader-installing-netwire-rat/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GuLoader" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "45c759ac-b490-48bb-80d4-c8eee3431027", + "value": "GuLoader - S0561" + }, { "description": "[OSInfo](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0165) is a custom tool used by [APT3](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0022) to do internal discovery on a victim's computer and network. (Citation: Symantec Buckeye)", "meta": { @@ -26962,7 +29729,7 @@ "value": "Pillowmint - S0517" }, { - "description": "[SEASHARPEE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0185) is a Web shell that has been used by [APT34](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0057). (Citation: FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017)", + "description": "[SEASHARPEE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0185) is a Web shell that has been used by [OilRig](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0049). (Citation: FireEye APT34 Webinar Dec 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0185", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -27237,7 +30004,7 @@ "value": "RemoteCMD - S0166" }, { - "description": "[Matroyshka](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0167) is a malware framework used by [CopyKittens](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0052) that consists of a dropper, loader, and RAT. It has multiple versions; v1 was seen in the wild from July 2016 until January 2017. v2 has fewer commands and other minor differences. (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) (Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)", + "description": "[Matryoshka](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0167) is a malware framework used by [CopyKittens](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0052) that consists of a dropper, loader, and RAT. It has multiple versions; v1 was seen in the wild from July 2016 until January 2017. v2 has fewer commands and other minor differences. (Citation: ClearSky Wilted Tulip July 2017) (Citation: CopyKittens Nov 2015)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0167", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -27249,7 +30016,7 @@ "https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/minervaresearchpublic/CopyKittens/CopyKittens.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ - "Matroyshka" + "Matryoshka" ] }, "related": [ @@ -27325,7 +30092,7 @@ } ], "uuid": "1cc934e4-b01d-4543-a011-b988dfc1a458", - "value": "Matroyshka - S0167" + "value": "Matryoshka - S0167" }, { "description": "[Wingbird](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0176) is a backdoor that appears to be a version of commercial software [FinFisher](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0182). It is reportedly used to attack individual computers instead of networks. It was used by [NEODYMIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0055) in a May 2016 campaign. (Citation: Microsoft SIR Vol 21) (Citation: Microsoft NEODYMIUM Dec 2016)", @@ -27498,7 +30265,8 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0168", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/eset-gazer.pdf", - "https://securelist.com/introducing-whitebear/81638/" + "https://securelist.com/introducing-whitebear/81638/", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/12/02/turla-crutch-keeping-back-door-open/" ], "synonyms": [ "Gazer", @@ -28104,11 +30872,13 @@ "value": "Starloader - S0188" }, { - "description": "[NETWIRE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0198) is a publicly available, multiplatform remote administration tool (RAT) that has been used by criminal and APT groups since at least 2012. (Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017) (Citation: McAfee Netwire Mar 2015) (Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017)", + "description": "[NETWIRE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0198) is a publicly available, multiplatform remote administration tool (RAT) that has been used by criminal and APT groups since at least 2012.(Citation: FireEye APT33 Sept 2017) (Citation: McAfee Netwire Mar 2015) (Citation: FireEye APT33 Webinar Sept 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0198", "mitre_platforms": [ - "Windows" + "Windows", + "Linux", + "macOS" ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0198", @@ -28155,6 +30925,279 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + 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S0532" + }, { "description": "[TYPEFRAME](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0263) is a remote access tool that has been used by [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032). (Citation: US-CERT TYPEFRAME June 2018)", "meta": { @@ -30922,7 +34314,7 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0283", "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2018/03/07195002/KL_AdwindPublicReport_2016.pdf", "https://www.symantec.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/jrat-new-anti-parsing-techniques", - "https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ncsc-content/files/Joint%20report%20on%20publicly%20available%20hacking%20tools%20%28NCSC%29.pdf" + "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/report/joint-report-on-publicly-available-hacking-tools" ], "synonyms": [ "jRAT", @@ -32974,7 +36366,7 @@ "value": "down_new - S0472" }, { - "description": "[PoetRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428) is a Python-based remote access trojan (RAT) used in multiple campaigns against the private and public sectors in Azerbaijan, specifically ICS and SCADA systems in the energy sector. [PoetRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428) derived its name from references in the code to poet William Shakespeare.(Citation: Talos PoetRAT April 2020) ", + "description": "[PoetRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428) is a remote access trojan (RAT) that was first identified in April 2020. [PoetRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428) has been used in multiple campaigns against the private and public sectors in Azerbaijan, including ICS and SCADA systems in the energy sector. The STIBNITE activity group has been observed using the malware. [PoetRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428) derived its name from references in the code to poet William Shakespeare. (Citation: Talos PoetRAT April 2020)(Citation: Talos PoetRAT October 2020)(Citation: Dragos Threat Report 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0428", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -32982,7 +36374,9 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0428", - "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2020/04/poetrat-covid-19-lures.html" + "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2020/04/poetrat-covid-19-lures.html", + "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2020/10/poetrat-update.html", + "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Year-in-Review/Dragos_2020_ICS_Cybersecurity_Year_In_Review.pdf?hsCtaTracking=159c0fc3-92d8-425d-aeb8-12824f2297e8%7Cf163726d-579b-4996-9a04-44e5a124d770" ], "synonyms": [ "PoetRAT" @@ -33184,6 +36578,48 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9a60a291-8960-4387-8a4a-2ab5c18bb50b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7385dfaf-6886-4229-9ecd-6fd678040830", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "cc5497f7-a9e8-436f-94da-b2b4a9b9ad3c", @@ -33361,10 +36797,13 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0284", "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/07/multiple-cobalt-personality-disorder.html", "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/more_eggs-anyone-threat-actor-itg08-strikes-again/", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/07/09/more-evil-deep-look-evilnum-toolset/", + "https://go.crowdstrike.com/rs/281-OBQ-266/images/Report2020CrowdStrikeGlobalThreatReport.pdf", "https://usa.visa.com/dam/VCOM/global/support-legal/documents/fin6-cybercrime-group-expands-threat-To-ecommerce-merchants.pdf" ], "synonyms": [ "More_eggs", + "SKID", "Terra Loader", "SpicyOmelette" ] @@ -33460,6 +36899,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "132d5b37-aac5-4378-a8dc-3127b18a73dc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "bfd2738c-8b43-43c3-bc9f-d523c8e88bf4", @@ -33742,6 +37195,83 @@ "uuid": "eedc01d5-95e6-4d21-bcd4-1121b1df4586", "value": "CookieMiner - S0492" }, + { + "description": "[Pay2Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0556) is a ransomware written in C++ that has been used by [Fox Kitten](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0117) since at least July 2020 including campaigns against Israeli companies. [Pay2Key](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0556) has been incorporated with a leak site to display stolen sensitive information to further pressure victims into payment.(Citation: ClearkSky Fox Kitten February 2020)(Citation: Check Point Pay2Key November 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0556", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0556", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/fox-kitten/", + "https://research.checkpoint.com/2020/ransomware-alert-pay2key/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Pay2Key" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f6dacc85-b37d-458e-b58d-74fc4bbf5755", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf176076-b789-408e-8cba-7275e81c0ada", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c21d5a77-d422-4a69-acd7-2c53c1faa34b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "77ca1aa3-280c-4b67-abaa-e8fb891a8f83", + "value": "Pay2Key - S0556" + }, { "description": "[DDKONG](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0255) is a malware sample that was part of a campaign by [Rancor](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0075). [DDKONG](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0255) was first seen used in February 2017. (Citation: Rancor Unit42 June 2018)", "meta": { @@ -33797,6 +37327,167 @@ "uuid": "d186c1d6-e3ac-4c3d-a534-9ddfeb8c57bb", "value": "DDKONG - S0255" }, + { + "description": "[KGH_SPY](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0526) is a modular suite of tools used by [Kimsuky](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0094) for reconnaissance, information stealing, and backdoor capabilities. [KGH_SPY](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0526) derived its name from PDB paths and internal names found in samples containing \"KGH\".(Citation: Cybereason Kimsuky November 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0526", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0526", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/back-to-the-future-inside-the-kimsuky-kgh-spyware-suite" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "KGH_SPY", + "KGH_SPY " + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1c34f7aa-9341-4a48-bfab-af22e51aca6c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b6daca-e963-4a69-aee6-ed4fd653ad58", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "eb125d40-0b2d-41ac-a71a-3229241c2cd3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1e9eb839-294b-48cc-b0d3-c45555a2a004", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "8bdfe255-e658-4ddd-a11c-b854762e451d", + "value": "KGH_SPY - S0526" + }, { "description": "[Kazuar](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0265) is a fully featured, multi-platform backdoor Trojan written using the Microsoft .NET framework. (Citation: Unit 42 Kazuar May 2017)", "meta": { @@ -34016,6 +37707,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f6dacc85-b37d-458e-b58d-74fc4bbf5755", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "536be338-e2ef-4a6b-afb6-8d5568b91eb2", @@ -34153,6 +37851,103 @@ "uuid": "92b55426-109f-4d93-899f-1833ce91ff90", "value": "Mosquito - S0256" }, + { + "description": "[SUNSPOT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0562) is an implant that injected the [SUNBURST](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0559) backdoor into the SolarWinds Orion software update framework. It was used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) since at least February 2020.(Citation: CrowdStrike SUNSPOT Implant January 2021) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0562", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0562", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/sunspot-malware-technical-analysis/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SUNSPOT" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "853c4192-4311-43e1-bfbb-b11b14911852", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dcaa092b-7de9-4a21-977f-7fcb77e89c48", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1cfcb312-b8d7-47a4-b560-4b16cc677292", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd369cd9-abb8-41ce-b5bb-fff23ee86c00", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "bf48e7f8-752c-4ce8-bf8f-748edacd8fa6", + "value": "SUNSPOT - S0562" + }, { "description": "[UPPERCUT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0275) is a backdoor that has been used by [menuPass](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0045). (Citation: FireEye APT10 Sept 2018)", "meta": { @@ -34383,6 +38178,140 @@ "uuid": "5189f018-fea2-45d7-b0ed-23f9ee0a46f3", "value": "VERMIN - S0257" }, + { + "description": "[LookBack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0582) is a remote access trojan written in C++ that was used against at least three US utility companies in July 2019. The TALONITE activity group has been observed using [LookBack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0582).(Citation: Proofpoint LookBack Malware Aug 2019)(Citation: Dragos TALONITE)(Citation: Dragos Threat Report 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0582", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0582", + "https://www.proofpoint.com/us/threat-insight/post/lookback-malware-targets-united-states-utilities-sector-phishing-attacks", + "https://www.dragos.com/threat/talonite/", + "https://hub.dragos.com/hubfs/Year-in-Review/Dragos_2020_ICS_Cybersecurity_Year_In_Review.pdf?hsCtaTracking=159c0fc3-92d8-425d-aeb8-12824f2297e8%7Cf163726d-579b-4996-9a04-44e5a124d770" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "LookBack" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "322bad5a-1c49-4d23-ab79-76d641794afa", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c21d5a77-d422-4a69-acd7-2c53c1faa34b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ff73aa03-0090-4464-83ac-f89e233c02bc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "c9ccc4df-1f56-49e7-ad57-b383e1451688", + "value": "LookBack - S0582" + }, { "description": "[OldBoot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0285) is an Android malware family. (Citation: HackerNews-OldBoot)", "meta": { @@ -34472,6 +38401,110 @@ "uuid": "b9eec47e-98f4-4b3c-b574-3fa8a87ebe05", "value": "RGDoor - S0258" }, + { + "description": "[Javali](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0528) is a banking trojan that has targeted Portuguese and Spanish-speaking countries since 2017, primarily focusing on customers of financial institutions in Brazil and Mexico.(Citation: Securelist Brazilian Banking Malware July 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0528", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0528", + "https://securelist.com/the-tetrade-brazilian-banking-malware/97779/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Javali" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5bfccc3f-2326-4112-86cc-c1ece9d8a2b5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f7827069-0bf2-4764-af4f-23fae0d181b7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "58a3e6aa-4453-4cc8-a51f-4befe80b31a8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "64122557-5940-4271-9123-25bfc0c693db", + "value": "Javali - S0528" + }, { "description": "[RCSAndroid](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0295) is Android malware. (Citation: TrendMicro-RCSAndroid)", "meta": { @@ -34652,6 +38685,131 @@ "uuid": "c8b6cc43-ce61-42ae-87f3-a5f10526f952", "value": "InnaputRAT - S0259" }, + { + "description": "[CarbonSteal](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0529) is one of a family of four surveillanceware tools that share a common C2 infrastructure. [CarbonSteal](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0529) primarily deals with audio surveillance. (Citation: Lookout Uyghur Campaign)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0529", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0529", + "https://www.lookout.com/documents/threat-reports/us/lookout-uyghur-malware-tr-us.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "CarbonSteal" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52eff1c7-dd30-4121-b762-24ae6fa61bbb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "702055ac-4e54-4ae9-9527-e23a38e0b160", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8e27551a-5080-4148-a584-c64348212e4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ed2c05a1-4f81-4d97-9e1b-aff01c34ae84", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3c2e5de-0941-4b57-ba61-af029eb5517a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "007ebf84-4e14-44c7-a5aa-151d5de85320", + "value": "CarbonSteal - S0529" + }, { "description": "[TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266) is a Trojan spyware program that has mainly been used for targeting banking sites in United States, Canada, UK, Germany, Australia, Austria, Ireland, London, Switzerland, and Scotland. TrickBot first emerged in the wild in September 2016 and appears to be a successor to [Dyre](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0024). [TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266) is developed in the C++ programming language. (Citation: S2 Grupo TrickBot June 2017) (Citation: Fidelis TrickBot Oct 2016) (Citation: IBM TrickBot Nov 2016)", "meta": { @@ -34935,7 +39093,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "dest-uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -34961,6 +39119,69 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4061e78c-1284-44b4-9116-73e4ac3912f7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9db0cf3a-a3c9-4012-8268-123b9db6fd82", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b2d03cea-aec1-45ca-9744-9ee583c1e1cc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3489cfc5-640f-4bb3-a103-9137b97de79f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2f6b4ed7-fef1-44ba-bcb8-1b4beb610b64", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1b7b1806-7746-41a1-a35d-e48dae25ddba", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f5bb433e-bdf6-4781-84bc-35e97e43be89", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "00806466-754d-44ea-ad6f-0caf59cb8556", @@ -35771,7 +39992,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "dest-uuid": "315f51f0-6b03-4c1e-bfb2-84740afb8e21", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -36222,6 +40443,193 @@ "uuid": "44c75271-0e4d-496f-ae0a-a6d883a42a65", "value": "Rifdoor - S0433" }, + { + "description": "[SLOTHFULMEDIA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0533) is a remote access Trojan written in C++ that has been used by an unidentified \"sophisticated cyber actor\" since at least January 2017.(Citation: CISA MAR SLOTHFULMEDIA October 2020)(Citation: Costin Raiu IAmTheKing October 2020) It has been used to target government organizations, defense contractors, universities, and energy companies in Russia, India, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Ukraine, and Eastern Europe.(Citation: USCYBERCOM SLOTHFULMEDIA October 2020)(Citation: Kaspersky IAmTheKing October 2020) \n\nIn October 2020, Kaspersky Labs assessed [SLOTHFULMEDIA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0533) is part of an activity cluster it refers to as \"IAmTheKing\".(Citation: Kaspersky IAmTheKing October 2020) ESET also noted code similarity between [SLOTHFULMEDIA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0533) and droppers used by a group it refers to as \"PowerPool\".(Citation: ESET PowerPool Code October 2020) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0533", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0533", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-275a", + "https://twitter.com/craiu/status/1311920398259367942", + "https://twitter.com/CNMF_CyberAlert/status/1311743710997159953", + "https://securelist.com/iamtheking-and-the-slothfulmedia-malware-family/99000/", + "https://twitter.com/ESETresearch/status/1311762215490461696" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SLOTHFULMEDIA", + "JackOfHearts", + "QueenOfClubs" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec8fc7e2-b356-455c-8db5-2e37be158e7d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "322bad5a-1c49-4d23-ab79-76d641794afa", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f1951e8a-500e-4a26-8803-76d95c4554b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ad255bfe-a9e6-4b52-a258-8d3462abe842", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "feb2d7bb-aacb-48df-ad04-ccf41a30cd90", + "value": "SLOTHFULMEDIA - S0533" + }, { "description": "[Carbon](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0335) is a sophisticated, second-stage backdoor and framework that can be used to steal sensitive information from victims. [Carbon](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0335) has been selectively used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) to target government and foreign affairs-related organizations in Central Asia.(Citation: ESET Carbon Mar 2017)(Citation: Securelist Turla Oct 2018)", "meta": { @@ -36254,7 +40662,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "dest-uuid": "15dbf668-795c-41e6-8219-f0447c0e64ce", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -36350,6 +40758,27 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf176076-b789-408e-8cba-7275e81c0ada", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "b7e9880a-7a7c-4162-bddb-e28e8ef2bf1f", @@ -36603,7 +41032,7 @@ "value": "NanoCore - S0336" }, { - "description": "[Astaroth](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0373) is a Trojan and information stealer known to affect companies in Europe and Brazil. It has been known publicly since at least late 2017. (Citation: Cybereason Astaroth Feb 2019) (Citation: Cofense Astaroth Sept 2018)", + "description": "[Astaroth](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0373) is a Trojan and information stealer known to affect companies in Europe, Brazil, and throughout Latin America. It has been known publicly since at least late 2017. (Citation: Cybereason Astaroth Feb 2019)(Citation: Cofense Astaroth Sept 2018)(Citation: Securelist Brazilian Banking Malware July 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0373", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -36612,10 +41041,12 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0373", "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/information-stealing-malware-targeting-brazil-full-research", - "https://cofense.com/seeing-resurgence-demonic-astaroth-wmic-trojan/" + "https://cofense.com/seeing-resurgence-demonic-astaroth-wmic-trojan/", + "https://securelist.com/the-tetrade-brazilian-banking-malware/97779/" ], "synonyms": [ - "Astaroth" + "Astaroth", + "Guildma" ] }, "related": [ @@ -36807,6 +41238,62 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f7827069-0bf2-4764-af4f-23fae0d181b7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8982a661-d84c-48c0-b4ec-1db29c6cf3bc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f2857333-11d4-45bf-b064-2c28d8525be5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "118f61a5-eb3e-4fb6-931f-2096647f4ecd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "edb24a93-1f7a-4bbf-a738-1397a14662c6", @@ -37098,7 +41585,7 @@ "value": "Micropsia - S0339" }, { - "description": "[PowerStallion](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0393) is a lightweight [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) backdoor used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010), possibly as a recovery access tool to install other backdoors.(Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019)", + "description": "[PowerStallion](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0393) is a lightweight [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) backdoor used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010), possibly as a recovery access tool to install other backdoors.(Citation: ESET Turla PowerShell May 2019)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0393", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -37481,6 +41968,373 @@ "uuid": "b57f419e-8b12-49d3-886b-145383725dcd", "value": "PLEAD - S0435" }, + { + "description": "[Bazar](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0534) is a downloader and backdoor malware in use since at least April 2020, with infections mainly targeting professional services, healthcare, manufacturing, IT, logistics and travel companies across the US and Europe. [Bazar](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0534) has been reported to have ties to [TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266) campaigns and can be used to deploy additional malware, including ransomware, and to steal sensitive data.(Citation: Cybereason Bazar July 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0534", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0534", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/a-bazar-of-tricks-following-team9s-development-cycles", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/10/kegtap-and-singlemalt-with-a-ransomware-chaser.html", + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2020/06/02/in-depth-analysis-of-the-new-team9-malware-family/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Bazar", + "KEGTAP", + "Team9" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "32901740-b42c-4fdd-bc02-345b5dc57082", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7007935a-a8a7-4c0b-bd98-4e85be8ed197", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": 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"f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82caa33e-d11a-433a-94ea-9b5a5fbef81d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "118f61a5-eb3e-4fb6-931f-2096647f4ecd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": 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"24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3489cfc5-640f-4bb3-a103-9137b97de79f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "42e8de7b-37b2-4258-905a-6897815e58e0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c8e87b83-edbb-48d4-9295-4974897525b7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "99fdf3b4-96ef-4ab9-b191-fc683441cad0", + "value": "Bazar - S0534" + }, { "description": "[Denis](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0354) is a Windows backdoor and Trojan used by [APT32](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0050). [Denis](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0354) shares several similarities to the [SOUNDBITE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0157) backdoor and has been used in conjunction with the [Goopy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0477) backdoor.(Citation: Cybereason Oceanlotus May 2017)", "meta": { @@ -37857,6 +42711,89 @@ "uuid": "b45747dc-87ca-4597-a245-7e16a61bc491", "value": "Seasalt - S0345" }, + { + "description": "\n[Spark](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0543) is a Windows backdoor and has been in use since as early as 2017.(Citation: Unit42 Molerat Mar 2020) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0543", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0543", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/molerats-delivers-spark-backdoor/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Spark" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "04fd5427-79c7-44ea-ae13-11b24778ff1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "91541e7e-b969-40c6-bbd8-1b5352ec2938", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "03ea629c-517a-41e3-94f8-c7e5368cf8f4", + "value": "Spark - S0543" + }, { "description": "[INSOMNIA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0463) is spyware that has been used by the group Evil Eye.(Citation: Volexity Insomnia)", "meta": { @@ -39185,7 +44122,7 @@ }, "related": [ { - "dest-uuid": "b63a34e8-0a61-4c97-a23b-bf8a2ed812e2", + "dest-uuid": "dca670cf-eeec-438f-8185-fd959d9ef211", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -39516,6 +44453,221 @@ "uuid": "4b6ec280-7bbb-48ff-ae59-b189520ebe83", "value": "Okrum - S0439" }, + { + "description": "[MoleNet](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0553) is a downloader tool with backdoor capabilities that has been observed in use since at least 2019.(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0553", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0553", + "https://www.cybereason.com/hubfs/dam/collateral/reports/Molerats-in-the-Cloud-New-Malware-Arsenal-Abuses-Cloud-Platforms-in-Middle-East-Espionage-Campaign.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "MoleNet" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "8a59f456-79a0-4151-9f56-9b1a67332af2", + "value": "MoleNet - S0553" + }, + { + "description": "[GPlayed](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0536) is an Android trojan with a broad range of capabilities.(Citation: Talos GPlayed) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0536", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0536", + "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2018/10/gplayedtrojan.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GPlayed" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8e27551a-5080-4148-a584-c64348212e4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9d7c32f4-ab39-49dc-8055-8106bc2294a1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "00290ac5-551e-44aa-bbd8-c4b913488a6d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82f04b1e-5371-4a6f-be06-411f0f43b483", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3dd58c80-4c2e-458c-9503-1b2cd273c4d2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "a993495c-9813-4372-b9ec-d168c7f7ec0a", + "value": "GPlayed - S0536" + }, { "description": "[KONNI](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0356) is a Windows remote administration too that has been seen in use since 2014 and evolved in its capabilities through at least 2017. [KONNI](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0356) has been linked to several campaigns involving North Korean themes.(Citation: Talos Konni May 2017) [KONNI](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0356) has significant code overlap with the [NOKKI](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0353) malware family. There is some evidence potentially linking [KONNI](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0356) to [APT37](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0067).(Citation: Unit 42 NOKKI Sept 2018)(Citation: Unit 42 Nokki Oct 2018)(Citation: Medium KONNI Jan 2020)", "meta": { @@ -39714,6 +44866,68 @@ "uuid": "86b92f6c-9c05-4c51-b361-4c7bb13e21a1", "value": "KONNI - S0356" }, + { + "description": "[HyperStack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0537) is a RPC-based backdoor used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) since at least 2018. [HyperStack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0537) has similarities to other backdoors used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) including [Carbon](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0335).(Citation: Accenture HyperStack October 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0537", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0537", + "https://www.accenture.com/us-en/blogs/cyber-defense/turla-belugasturgeon-compromises-government-entity" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "HyperStack" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "6151cbea-819b-455a-9fa6-99a1cc58797d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "acd0ba37-7ba9-4cc5-ac61-796586cd856d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "2cf7dec3-66fc-423f-b2c7-58f1de243b4e", + "value": "HyperStack - S0537" + }, { "description": "[Remexi](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0375) is a Windows-based Trojan that was developed in the C programming language.(Citation: Securelist Remexi Jan 2019)", "meta": { @@ -40095,6 +45309,328 @@ "uuid": "d906e6f7-434c-44c0-b51a-ed50af8f7945", "value": "njRAT - S0385" }, + { + "description": "[Crutch](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0538) is a backdoor designed for document theft that has been used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) since at least 2015.(Citation: ESET Crutch December 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0538", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0538", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/12/02/turla-crutch-keeping-back-door-open/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Crutch" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be055942-6e63-49d7-9fa1-9cb7d8a8f3f4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1b7ba276-eedc-4951-a762-0ceea2c030ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c34f7aa-9341-4a48-bfab-af22e51aca6c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "00f90846-cbd1-4fc5-9233-df5c2bf2a662", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "348f1eef-964b-4eb6-bb53-69b3dcb0c643", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "30208d3e-0d6b-43c8-883e-44462a514619", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf1b6176-597c-4600-bfcd-ac989670f96b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "774a3188-6ba9-4dc4-879d-d54ee48a5ce9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "925a6c52-5cf0-4fec-99de-b0d6917d8593", + "value": "Crutch - S0538" + }, + { + "description": "[Pysa](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0583) is a ransomware that was first used in October 2018 and has been seen to target particularly high-value finance, government and healthcare organizations.(Citation: CERT-FR PYSA April 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0583", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0583", + "https://www.cert.ssi.gouv.fr/uploads/CERTFR-2020-CTI-003.pdf", + "https://thedfirreport.com/2020/11/23/pysa-mespinoza-ransomware/", + "https://digital.nhs.uk/cyber-alerts/2020/cc-3633" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Pysa", + "Mespinoza" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "a93494bb-4b80-4ea1-8695-3236a49916fd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "eb062747-2193-45de-8fa2-e62549c37ddf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "837f9164-50af-4ac0-8219-379d8a74cefc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f5d8eed6-48a9-4cdf-a3d7-d1ffa99c3d2a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "65f2d882-3f41-4d48-8a06-29af77ec9f90", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f1951e8a-500e-4a26-8803-76d95c4554b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3a12395-188d-4051-9a16-ea8e14d07b88", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "a19c1197-9414-46e3-986f-0f609ff4a46b", + "value": "Pysa - S0583" + }, + { + "description": "[ECCENTRICBANDWAGON](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0593) is a Remote Access Tool (RAT) used by [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032) that was first identified in August 2020. It is a reconnaissance tool--with keylogging and screen capture functionality--used for information gathering on compromised systems.(Citation: CISA EB Aug 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0593", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0593", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-239a" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "ECCENTRICBANDWAGON" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c34f7aa-9341-4a48-bfab-af22e51aca6c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "e928333f-f3df-4039-9b8b-556c2add0e42", + "value": "ECCENTRICBANDWAGON - S0593" + }, { "description": "[LightNeuron](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0395) is a sophisticated backdoor that has targeted Microsoft Exchange servers since at least 2014. [LightNeuron](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0395) has been used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) to target diplomatic and foreign affairs-related organizations. The presence of certain strings in the malware suggests a Linux variant of [LightNeuron](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0395) exists.(Citation: ESET LightNeuron May 2019)", "meta": { @@ -40828,7 +46364,7 @@ "value": "HOPLIGHT - S0376" }, { - "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) is malware that was first seen in a worldwide attack starting on June 27, 2017. The main purpose of the malware appeared to be to effectively destroy data and disk structures on compromised systems. Though [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) presents itself as a form of ransomware, it appears likely that the attackers never intended to make the encrypted data recoverable. As such, [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) may be more appropriately thought of as a form of wiper malware. [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) contains worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network using the SMBv1 exploits EternalBlue and EternalRomance.(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)", + "description": "[NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) is malware that was used by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034) in a worldwide attack starting on June 27, 2017. While [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) appears as a form of ransomware, its main purpose was to destroy data and disk structures on compromised systems; the attackers never intended to make the encrypted data recoverable. As such, [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) may be more appropriately thought of as a form of wiper malware. [NotPetya](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368) contains worm-like features to spread itself across a computer network using the SMBv1 exploits EternalBlue and EternalRomance.(Citation: Talos Nyetya June 2017)(Citation: US-CERT NotPetya 2017)(Citation: ESET Telebots June 2017)(Citation: US District Court Indictment GRU Unit 74455 October 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0368", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -40838,7 +46374,8 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0368", "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2017/06/worldwide-ransomware-variant.html", "https://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA17-181A", - "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/06/30/telebots-back-supply-chain-attacks-against-ukraine/" + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/06/30/telebots-back-supply-chain-attacks-against-ukraine/", + "https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/file/1328521/download" ], "synonyms": [ "NotPetya", @@ -40921,7 +46458,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "bd5b58a4-a52d-4a29-bc0d-3f1d3968eb6b", + "dest-uuid": "42e8de7b-37b2-4258-905a-6897815e58e0", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -40933,13 +46470,27 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "5719af9d-6b16-46f9-9b28-fb019541ddbb", "value": "NotPetya - S0368" }, { - "description": "[Ursnif](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0386) is a banking trojan and variant of the Gozi malware observed being spread through various automated exploit kits, [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1193)s, and malicious links.(Citation: NJCCIC Ursnif Sept 2016)(Citation: ProofPoint Ursnif Aug 2016) [Ursnif](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0386) is associated primarily with data theft, but variants also include components (backdoors, spyware, file injectors, etc.) capable of a wide variety of behaviors.(Citation: TrendMicro Ursnif Mar 2015)", + "description": "[Ursnif](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0386) is a banking trojan and variant of the Gozi malware observed being spread through various automated exploit kits, [Spearphishing Attachment](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1566/001)s, and malicious links.(Citation: NJCCIC Ursnif Sept 2016)(Citation: ProofPoint Ursnif Aug 2016) [Ursnif](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0386) is associated primarily with data theft, but variants also include components (backdoors, spyware, file injectors, etc.) capable of a wide variety of behaviors.(Citation: TrendMicro Ursnif Mar 2015)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0386", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -41308,6 +46859,20 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "a8a778f5-0035-4870-bb25-53dc05029586", @@ -41404,7 +46969,7 @@ "value": "CoinTicker - S0369" }, { - "description": "[Ebury](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0377) is an SSH backdoor targeting Linux operating systems. Attackers require root-level access, which allows them to replace SSH binaries (ssh, sshd, ssh-add, etc) or modify a shared library used by OpenSSH (libkeyutils).(Citation: ESET Ebury Feb 2014)(Citation: BleepingComputer Ebury March 2017)", + "description": "[Ebury](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0377) is an SSH backdoor targeting Linux operating systems. Attackers require root-level access, which allows them to replace SSH binaries (ssh, sshd, ssh-add, etc) or modify a shared library used by OpenSSH (libkeyutils).(Citation: ESET Ebury Feb 2014)(Citation: BleepingComputer Ebury March 2017)(Citation: ESET Ebury Oct 2017)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0377", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -41413,7 +46978,8 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0377", "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2014/02/21/an-in-depth-analysis-of-linuxebury/", - "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/russian-hacker-pleads-guilty-for-role-in-infamous-linux-ebury-malware/" + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/russian-hacker-pleads-guilty-for-role-in-infamous-linux-ebury-malware/", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2017/10/30/windigo-ebury-update-2/" ], "synonyms": [ "Ebury" @@ -41456,7 +47022,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "4eb28bed-d11a-4641-9863-c2ac017d910a", + "dest-uuid": "74d2a63f-3c7b-4852-92da-02d8fbab16da", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -41489,6 +47055,76 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "06c00069-771a-4d57-8ef5-d3718c1a8771", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "633a100c-b2c9-41bf-9be5-905c1b16c825", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0f20e3cb-245b-4a61-8a91-2d93f7cb0e9b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "774a3188-6ba9-4dc4-879d-d54ee48a5ce9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "d6b3fcd0-1c86-4350-96f0-965ed02fcc51", @@ -42216,6 +47852,159 @@ "uuid": "5763217a-05b6-4edd-9bca-057e47b5e403", "value": "ShimRat - S0444" }, + { + "description": "[HenBox](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0544) is Android malware that attempts to only execute on Xiaomi devices running the MIUI operating system. [HenBox](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0544) has primarily been used to target Uyghurs, a minority Turkic ethnic group.(Citation: Palo Alto HenBox)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0544", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0544", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/unit42-henbox-chickens-come-home-roost/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "HenBox" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "53263a67-075e-48fa-974b-91c5b5445db7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d8940e76-f9c1-4912-bea6-e21c251370b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29e07491-8947-43a3-8d4e-9a787c45f3d3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52eff1c7-dd30-4121-b762-24ae6fa61bbb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1b51f5bc-b97a-498a-8dbd-bc6b1901bf19", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "786f488c-cb1f-4602-89c5-86d982ee326b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "aef537ba-10c2-40ed-a57a-80b8508aada4", + "value": "HenBox - S0544" + }, { "description": "[Cadelspy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0454) is a backdoor that has been used by [APT39](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087).(Citation: Symantec Chafer Dec 2015)", "meta": { @@ -42359,7 +48148,8 @@ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0446", "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/big-game-hunting-with-ryuk-another-lucrative-targeted-ransomware/", "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/a-nasty-trick-from-credential-theft-malware-to-business-disruption.html", - "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html" + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html", + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/ryuk-ransomware-uses-wake-on-lan-to-encrypt-offline-devices/" ], "synonyms": [ "Ryuk" @@ -42456,6 +48246,48 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "451a9977-d255-43c9-b431-66de80130c8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4f9ca633-15c5-463c-9724-bdcd54fde541", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "34e793de-0274-4982-9c1a-246ed1c19dee", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c3d4bdd9-2cfe-4a80-9d0c-07a29ecdce8f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "42e8de7b-37b2-4258-905a-6897815e58e0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "a020a61c-423f-4195-8c46-ba1d21abba37", @@ -43029,6 +48861,321 @@ "uuid": "22faaa56-a8ac-4292-9be6-b571b255ee40", "value": "Zen - S0494" }, + { + "description": "[TERRACOTTA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0545) is an ad fraud botnet that has been capable of generating over 2 billion fraudulent requests per week.(Citation: WhiteOps TERRACOTTA)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0545", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0545", + "https://www.whiteops.com/blog/terracotta-android-malware-a-technical-study" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "TERRACOTTA" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "c6a146ae-9c63-4606-97ff-e261e76e8380", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3dd58c80-4c2e-458c-9503-1b2cd273c4d2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f981d199-2720-467e-9dc9-eea04dbe05cf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "648f8051-1a35-46d3-b1d8-3a3f5cf2cc8e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "786f488c-cb1f-4602-89c5-86d982ee326b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "00290ac5-551e-44aa-bbd8-c4b913488a6d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1f1337e-aea7-454c-86bd-482a98ffaf62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bd4d32f5-eed4-4018-a649-40b229dd1d69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52eff1c7-dd30-4121-b762-24ae6fa61bbb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "198ce408-1470-45ee-b47f-7056050d4fc2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "e296b110-46d3-4f7a-894c-cc71ea50168c", + "value": "TERRACOTTA - S0545" + }, + { + "description": "[Egregor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0554) is a Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) tool that was first observed in September 2020. Researchers have noted code similarities between [Egregor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0554) and Sekhmet ransomware, as well as [Maze](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0449) ransomware.(Citation: NHS Digital Egregor Nov 2020)(Citation: Cyble Egregor Oct 2020)(Citation: Security Boulevard Egregor Oct 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0554", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0554", + "https://digital.nhs.uk/cyber-alerts/2020/cc-3681#summary", + "https://cybleinc.com/2020/10/31/egregor-ransomware-a-deep-dive-into-its-activities-and-techniques/", + "https://securityboulevard.com/2020/10/egregor-sekhmets-cousin/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Egregor" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "ae676644-d2d2-41b7-af7e-9bed1b55898c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "82caa33e-d11a-433a-94ea-9b5a5fbef81d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4061e78c-1284-44b4-9116-73e4ac3912f7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d2be8b9-d24c-4e98-83bf-2f5f79477163", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b97f1d35-4249-4486-a6b5-ee60ccf24fab", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2aed01ad-3df3-4410-a8cb-11ea4ded587c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c8e87b83-edbb-48d4-9295-4974897525b7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "cc4c1287-9c86-4447-810c-744f3880ec37", + "value": "Egregor - S0554" + }, { "description": "[Metamorfo](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0455) is a banking trojan operated by a Brazilian cybercrime group that has been active since at least April 2018. The group focuses on targeting mostly Brazilian users.(Citation: Medium Metamorfo Apr 2020)", "meta": { @@ -43343,6 +49490,249 @@ "uuid": "81c57a96-fc8c-4f91-af8e-63e24c2927c2", "value": "Metamorfo - S0455" }, + { + "description": "[BlackMould](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0564) is a web shell based on [China Chopper](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0020) for servers running Microsoft IIS. First reported in December 2019, it has been used in malicious campaigns by [GALLIUM](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0093) against telecommunication providers.(Citation: Microsoft GALLIUM December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0564", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0564", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2019/12/12/gallium-targeting-global-telecom/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "BlackMould" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "63c4511b-2d6e-4bb2-b582-e2e99a8a467d", + "value": "BlackMould - S0564" + }, + { + "description": "[SharpStage](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0546) is a .NET malware with backdoor capabilities.(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)(Citation: BleepingComputer Molerats Dec 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0546", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0546", + "https://www.cybereason.com/hubfs/dam/collateral/reports/Molerats-in-the-Cloud-New-Malware-Arsenal-Abuses-Cloud-Platforms-in-Middle-East-Espionage-Campaign.pdf", + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hacking-group-s-new-malware-abuses-google-and-facebook-services/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SharpStage" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "0ba9281c-93fa-4b29-8e9e-7ef918c7b13a", + "value": "SharpStage - S0546" + }, + { + "description": "[BendyBear](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0574) is an x64 shellcode for a stage-zero implant designed to download malware from a C2 server. First discovered in August 2020, [BendyBear](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0574) shares a variety of features with [Waterbear](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0579), malware previously attributed to the Chinese cyber espionage group [BlackTech](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0098).(Citation: Unit42 BendyBear Feb 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0574", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0574", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/bendybear-shellcode-blacktech/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "BendyBear" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f7c0689c-4dbd-489b-81be-7cb7c7079ade", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b18eae87-b469-4e14-b454-b171b416bc18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "805480f1-6caa-4a67-8ca9-b2b39650d986", + "value": "BendyBear - S0574" + }, { "description": "[BackConfig](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0475) is a custom Trojan with a flexible plugin architecture that has been used by [Patchwork](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0040).(Citation: Unit 42 BackConfig May 2020)", "meta": { @@ -43475,6 +49865,83 @@ "uuid": "c13d9621-aca7-436b-ab3d-3a95badb3d00", "value": "BackConfig - S0475" }, + { + "description": "[DropBook](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0547) is a Python-based backdoor compiled with PyInstaller.(Citation: Cybereason Molerats Dec 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0547", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0547", + "https://www.cybereason.com/hubfs/dam/collateral/reports/Molerats-in-the-Cloud-New-Malware-Arsenal-Abuses-Cloud-Platforms-in-Middle-East-Espionage-Campaign.pdf", + "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hacking-group-s-new-malware-abuses-google-and-facebook-services/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "DropBook" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "40597f16-0963-4249-bf4c-ac93b7fb9807", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "3ae6097d-d700-46c6-8b21-42fc0bcb48fa", + "value": "DropBook - S0547" + }, { "description": "[Netwalker](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0457) is fileless ransomware written in PowerShell and executed directly in memory.(Citation: TrendMicro Netwalker May 2020)", "meta": { @@ -43614,6 +50081,160 @@ "uuid": "754effde-613c-4244-a83e-fb659b2a4d06", "value": "Netwalker - S0457" }, + { + "description": "[AppleJeus](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0584) is a family of downloaders initially discovered in 2018 embedded within trojanized cryptocurrency applications. [AppleJeus](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0584) has been used by [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032), targeting companies in the energy, finance, government, industry, technology, and telecommunications sectors, and several countries including the United States, United Kingdom, South Korea, Australia, Brazil, New Zealand, and Russia. [AppleJeus](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0584) has been used to distribute the [FALLCHILL](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0181) RAT.(Citation: CISA AppleJeus Feb 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0584", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0584", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/alerts/aa21-048a" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "AppleJeus" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "573ad264-1371-4ae0-8482-d2673b719dba", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "120d5519-3098-4e1c-9191-2aa61232f073", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec8fc7e2-b356-455c-8db5-2e37be158e7d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "810aa4ad-61c9-49cb-993f-daa06199421d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "32901740-b42c-4fdd-bc02-345b5dc57082", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "e2d34c63-6f5a-41f5-86a2-e2380f27f858", + "value": "AppleJeus - S0584" + }, { "description": "[Mandrake](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0485) is a sophisticated Android espionage platform that has been active in the wild since at least 2016. [Mandrake](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0485) is very actively maintained, with sophisticated features and attacks that are executed with surgical precision.\n\n[Mandrake](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0485) has gone undetected for several years by providing legitimate, ad-free applications with social media and real reviews to back the apps. The malware is only activated when the operators issue a specific command.(Citation: Bitdefender Mandrake)", "meta": { @@ -43821,7 +50442,7 @@ "value": "Mandrake - S0485" }, { - "description": "[Ramsay](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0458) is an information stealing malware framework designed to collect and exfiltrate sensitive documents, potentially from air-gapped systems. Researchers have identified overlaps between [Ramsay](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0458) and the [Darkhotel](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012)-associated Retro malware.(Citation: Eset Ramsay May 2020)", + "description": "[Ramsay](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0458) is an information stealing malware framework designed to collect and exfiltrate sensitive documents, including from air-gapped systems. Researchers have identified overlaps between [Ramsay](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0458) and the [Darkhotel](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0012)-associated Retro malware.(Citation: Eset Ramsay May 2020)(Citation: Antiy CERT Ramsay April 2020)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0458", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -43829,7 +50450,8 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0458", - "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/05/13/ramsay-cyberespionage-toolkit-airgapped-networks/" + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/05/13/ramsay-cyberespionage-toolkit-airgapped-networks/", + "https://www.programmersought.com/article/62493896999/" ], "synonyms": [ "Ramsay" @@ -43900,7 +50522,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "aedfca76-3b30-4866-b2aa-0f1d7fd1e4b6", + "dest-uuid": "2fee9321-3e71-4cf4-af24-d4d40d355b34", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -44031,6 +50653,83 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "04fd5427-79c7-44ea-ae13-11b24778ff1c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c2e147a9-d1a8-4074-811a-d8789202d916", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2f6b4ed7-fef1-44ba-bcb8-1b4beb610b64", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "ba09b86c-1c40-4ff1-bda0-0d8c4ca35997", @@ -44197,6 +50896,131 @@ "uuid": "4b346d12-7f91-48d2-8f06-b26ffa0d825b", "value": "RDAT - S0495" }, + { + "description": "[SilkBean](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0549) is a piece of Android surveillanceware containing comprehensive remote access tool (RAT) functionality that has been used in targeting of the Uyghur ethnic group.(Citation: Lookout Uyghur Campaign)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0549", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0549", + "https://www.lookout.com/documents/threat-reports/us/lookout-uyghur-malware-tr-us.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SilkBean" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "ed2c05a1-4f81-4d97-9e1b-aff01c34ae84", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cde2cb84-455e-410c-8aa9-086f2788bcd2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "79eec66a-9bd0-4a3f-ac82-19159e94bd44", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4e6620ac-c30c-4f6d-918e-fa20cae7c1ce", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d8940e76-f9c1-4912-bea6-e21c251370b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8e27551a-5080-4148-a584-c64348212e4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b327a9c0-e709-495c-aa6e-00b042136e2b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "ddbe5657-e21e-4a89-8221-2f1362d397ec", + "value": "SilkBean - S0549" + }, { "description": "[MechaFlounder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0459) is a python-based remote access tool (RAT) that has been used by [APT39](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0087). The payload uses a combination of actor developed code and code snippets freely available online in development communities.(Citation: Unit 42 MechaFlounder March 2019)", "meta": { @@ -44788,7 +51612,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -45127,7 +51951,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0496", "https://www.secureworks.com/research/revil-sodinokibi-ransomware", - "https://blog.intel471.com/2020/03/31/revil-ransomware-as-a-service-an-analysis-of-a-ransomware-affiliate-operation/", + "https://intel471.com/blog/revil-ransomware-as-a-service-an-analysis-of-a-ransomware-affiliate-operation/", "https://www.group-ib.com/whitepapers/ransomware-uncovered.html", "https://securelist.com/sodin-ransomware/91473/", "https://www.gdatasoftware.com/blog/2019/06/31724-strange-bits-sodinokibi-spam-cinarat-and-fake-g-data", @@ -45136,7 +51960,8 @@ "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/2019/04/sodinokibi-ransomware-exploits-weblogic.html", "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-what-the-code-tells-us/", "https://www.mcafee.com/blogs/other-blogs/mcafee-labs/mcafee-atr-analyzes-sodinokibi-aka-revil-ransomware-as-a-service-crescendo/", - "https://www.picussecurity.com/blog/a-brief-history-and-further-technical-analysis-of-sodinokibi-ransomware" + "https://www.picussecurity.com/blog/a-brief-history-and-further-technical-analysis-of-sodinokibi-ransomware", + "https://www.tetradefense.com/incident-response-services/cause-and-effect-sodinokibi-ransomware-analysis" ], "synonyms": [ "REvil", @@ -46140,7 +52965,2429 @@ ], "uuid": "ef2247bf-8062-404b-894f-d65d00564817", "value": "Hancitor - S0499" + }, + { + "description": "[CHEMISTGAMES](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0555) is a modular backdoor that has been deployed by [Sandworm Team](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0034).(Citation: CYBERWARCON CHEMISTGAMES)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0555", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0555", + "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xoNSbm1aX_w" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "CHEMISTGAMES" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d9db3d46-66ca-44b4-9daa-1ef97cb7465a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d13fa042-8f26-44e1-a2a8-af0bf8e2ac9a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "52eff1c7-dd30-4121-b762-24ae6fa61bbb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0d95940f-9583-4e0f-824c-a42c1be47fad", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e083305c-49e7-4c87-aae8-9689213bffbe", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6a3f6490-9c44-40de-b059-e5940f246673", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ed2c05a1-4f81-4d97-9e1b-aff01c34ae84", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "a0d774e4-bafc-4292-8651-3ec899391341", + "value": "CHEMISTGAMES - S0555" + }, + { + "description": "[Raindrop](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0565) is a loader used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) that was discovered on some victim machines during investigations related to the 2020 SolarWinds cyber intrusion. It was discovered in January 2021 and was likely used since at least May 2020.(Citation: Symantec RAINDROP January 2021)(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0565", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0565", + "https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/solarwinds-raindrop-malware", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/01/20/deep-dive-into-the-solorigate-second-stage-activation-from-sunburst-to-teardrop-and-raindrop/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Raindrop" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "c2e147a9-d1a8-4074-811a-d8789202d916", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "42e8de7b-37b2-4258-905a-6897815e58e0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "4efc3e00-72f2-466a-ab7c-8a7dc6603b19", + "value": "Raindrop - S0565" + }, + { + "description": "[Conti](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0575) is a Ransomware-as-a-Service that was first observed in December 2019, and has being distributed via [TrickBot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0266). It has been used against major corporations and government agencies, particularly those in North America. As with other ransomware families, actors using [Conti](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0575) steal sensitive files and information from compromised networks, and threaten to publish this data unless the ransom is paid.(Citation: Cybereason Conti Jan 2021)(Citation: CarbonBlack Conti July 2020)(Citation: Cybleinc Conti January 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0575", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0575", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/cybereason-vs.-conti-ransomware", + "https://www.carbonblack.com/blog/tau-threat-discovery-conti-ransomware/", + "https://cybleinc.com/2021/01/21/conti-ransomware-resurfaces-targeting-government-large-organizations/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Conti" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f4599aa0-4f85-4a32-80ea-fc39dc965945", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "246fd3c7-f5e3-466d-8787-4c13d9e3b61c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4f9ca633-15c5-463c-9724-bdcd54fde541", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f5d8eed6-48a9-4cdf-a3d7-d1ffa99c3d2a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3489cfc5-640f-4bb3-a103-9137b97de79f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "4dea7d8e-af94-4bfb-afe4-7ff54f59308b", + "value": "Conti - S0575" + }, + { + "description": "[Kerrdown](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0585) is a downloader used by [APT32](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0050) to install spyware from a server on the victim's network.(Citation: Amnesty Intl. Ocean Lotus February 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0585", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0585", + "https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/02/viet-nam-hacking-group-targets-activist/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Kerrdown" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "bf90d72c-c00b-45e3-b3aa-68560560d4c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ef67e13e-5598-4adc-bdb2-998225874fa9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2b742742-28c3-4e1b-bab7-8350d6300fa7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2e34237d-8574-43f6-aace-ae2915de8597", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "8c1d01ff-fdc0-4586-99bd-c248e0761af5", + "value": "Kerrdown - S0585" + }, + { + "description": "[SUNBURST](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0559) is a trojanized DLL designed to fit within the SolarWinds Orion software update framework. It was used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) since at least February 2020.(Citation: SolarWinds Sunburst Sunspot Update January 2021)(Citation: Microsoft Deep Dive Solorigate January 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0559", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0559", + "https://orangematter.solarwinds.com/2021/01/11/new-findings-from-our-investigation-of-sunburst/", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/01/20/deep-dive-into-the-solorigate-second-stage-activation-from-sunburst-to-teardrop-and-raindrop/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/12/evasive-attacker-leverages-solarwinds-supply-chain-compromises-with-sunburst-backdoor.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SUNBURST", + "Solorigate" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1996eef1-ced3-4d7f-bf94-33298cabbf72", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "322bad5a-1c49-4d23-ab79-76d641794afa", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "32901740-b42c-4fdd-bc02-345b5dc57082", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c325b232-d5bc-4dde-a3ec-71f3db9e8adc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "eec23884-3fa1-4d8a-ac50-6f104d51e235", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f7c0689c-4dbd-489b-81be-7cb7c7079ade", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bd9c723-2f78-4309-82c5-47cad406572b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": 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"24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0533c6e-8fea-4788-874f-b799cacc4b92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6d4a7fb3-5a24-42be-ae61-6728a2b581f6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "a8839c95-029f-44cf-8f3d-a3cf2039e927", + "value": "SUNBURST - S0559" + }, + { + "description": "[ThiefQuest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0595) is a virus, data stealer, and wiper that presents itself as ransomware targeting macOS systems. [ThiefQuest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0595) was first seen in 2020 distributed via trojanized pirated versions of popular macOS software on Russian forums sharing torrent links.(Citation: Reed thiefquest fake ransom) Even though [ThiefQuest](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0595) presents itself as ransomware, since the dynamically generated encryption key is never sent to the attacker it may be more appropriately thought of as a form of wiper malware.(Citation: wardle evilquest partii)(Citation: reed thiefquest ransomware analysis)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0595", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0595", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/detections/osx-thiefquest/", + "https://objective-see.com/blog/blog_0x60.html", + "https://blog.malwarebytes.com/mac/2020/07/mac-thiefquest-malware-may-not-be-ransomware-after-all/", + "https://www.sentinelone.com/blog/evilquest-a-new-macos-malware-rolls-ransomware-spyware-and-data-theft-into-one/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "ThiefQuest", + "MacRansom.K", + "EvilQuest" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d10cbd34-42e3-45c0-84d2-535a09849584", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "573ad264-1371-4ae0-8482-d2673b719dba", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "37b11151-1776-4f8f-b328-30939fbf2ceb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec8fc7e2-b356-455c-8db5-2e37be158e7d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "960c3c86-1480-4d72-b4e0-8c242e84a5c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "727afb95-3d0f-4451-b297-362a43909923", + "value": "ThiefQuest - S0595" + }, + { + "description": "[MegaCortex](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0576) is ransomware that first appeared in May 2019. (Citation: IBM MegaCortex) [MegaCortex](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0576) has mainly targeted industrial organizations. (Citation: FireEye Ransomware Disrupt Industrial Production)(Citation: FireEye Financial Actors Moving into OT)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0576", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0576", + "https://securityintelligence.com/posts/from-mega-to-giga-cross-version-comparison-of-top-megacortex-modifications/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/02/ransomware-against-machine-learning-to-disrupt-industrial-production.html", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2020/07/financially-motivated-actors-are-expanding-access-into-ot.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "MegaCortex" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dcaa092b-7de9-4a21-977f-7fcb77e89c48", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f5d8eed6-48a9-4cdf-a3d7-d1ffa99c3d2a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f4599aa0-4f85-4a32-80ea-fc39dc965945", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ac08589e-ee59-4935-8667-d845e38fe579", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e7cbc1de-1f79-48ee-abfd-da1241c65a15", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b24e2a20-3b3d-4bf0-823b-1ed765398fb0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fb640c43-aa6b-431e-a961-a279010424ac", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b80d107d-fa0d-4b60-9684-b0433e8bdba0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "20fb2507-d71c-455d-9b6d-6104461cf26b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "909617c3-6d87-4330-8f32-bd3af38c3b92", + "value": "MegaCortex - S0576" + }, + { + "description": "[Dtrack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0567) is spyware that was discovered in 2019 and has been used against Indian financial institutions, research facilities, and the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant. [Dtrack](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0567) shares similarities with the DarkSeoul campaign, which was attributed to [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032). (Citation: Kaspersky Dtrack)(Citation: Securelist Dtrack)(Citation: Dragos WASSONITE)(Citation: CyberBit Dtrack)(Citation: ZDNet Dtrack)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0567", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0567", + "https://usa.kaspersky.com/about/press-releases/2019_dtrack-previously-unknown-spy-tool-hits-financial-institutions-and-research-centers", + "https://securelist.com/my-name-is-dtrack/93338/", + "https://www.dragos.com/threat/wassonite/", + "https://www.cyberbit.com/blog/endpoint-security/dtrack-apt-malware-found-in-nuclear-power-plant/", + "https://www.zdnet.com/article/confirmed-north-korean-malware-found-on-indian-nuclear-plants-network/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Dtrack" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "b17a1a56-e99c-403c-8948-561df0cffe81", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0a5231ec-41af-4a35-83d0-6bdf11f28c65", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2959d63f-73fd-46a1-abd2-109d7dcede32", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "aedfca76-3b30-4866-b2aa-0f1d7fd1e4b6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b200542e-e877-4395-875b-cf1a44537ca4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1ecb2399-e8ba-4f6b-8ba7-5c27d49405cf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "53ac20cd-aca3-406e-9aa0-9fc7fdc60a5a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5e4a2073-9643-44cb-a0b5-e7f4048446c7", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c34f7aa-9341-4a48-bfab-af22e51aca6c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "f8774023-8021-4ece-9aca-383ac89d2759", + "value": "Dtrack - S0567" + }, + { + "description": "[TAINTEDSCRIBE](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0586) is a fully-featured beaconing implant integrated with command modules used by [Lazarus Group](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0032). It was first reported in May 2020.(Citation: CISA MAR-10288834-2.v1 TAINTEDSCRIBE MAY 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0586", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0586", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar20-133b" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "TAINTEDSCRIBE" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c325b232-d5bc-4dde-a3ec-71f3db9e8adc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f24faf46-3b26-4dbb-98f2-63460498e433", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "53ac20cd-aca3-406e-9aa0-9fc7fdc60a5a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5bfccc3f-2326-4112-86cc-c1ece9d8a2b5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "47f2d673-ca62-47e9-929b-1b0be9657611", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "7f4bbe05-1674-4087-8a16-8f1ad61b6152", + "value": "TAINTEDSCRIBE - S0586" + }, + { + "description": "[EVILNUM](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0568) is fully capable backdoor that was first identified in 2018. [EVILNUM](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0568) is used by the APT group [Evilnum](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0120) which has the same name.(Citation: ESET EvilNum July 2020)(Citation: Prevailion EvilNum May 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0568", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0568", + "https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/07/09/more-evil-deep-look-evilnum-toolset/", + "https://blog.prevailion.com/2020/05/phantom-in-command-shell5.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "EVILNUM" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "9efb1ea7-c37b-4595-9640-b7680cd84279", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b97f1d35-4249-4486-a6b5-ee60ccf24fab", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9c99724c-a483-4d60-ad9d-7f004e42e8e8", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "47f2d673-ca62-47e9-929b-1b0be9657611", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "10ffac09-e42d-4f56-ab20-db94c67d76ff", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "7cdfccda-2950-4167-981a-60872ff5d0db", + "value": "EVILNUM - S0568" + }, + { + "description": "[Explosive](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0569) is a custom-made remote access tool used by the group [Volatile Cedar](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0123). It was first identified in the wild in 2015.(Citation: CheckPoint Volatile Cedar March 2015)(Citation: ClearSky Lebanese Cedar Jan 2021) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0569", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0569", + "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2015/03/20082004/volatile-cedar-technical-report.pdf", + "https://www.clearskysec.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Lebanese-Cedar-APT.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Explosive" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "09a60ea3-a8d1-4ae5-976e-5783248b72a4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "30973a08-aed9-4edf-8604-9084ce1b5c4f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1b7ba276-eedc-4951-a762-0ceea2c030ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "ec8fc7e2-b356-455c-8db5-2e37be158e7d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "24bfaeba-cb0d-4525-b3dc-507c77ecec41", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "6a21e3a4-5ffe-4581-af9a-6a54c7536f44", + "value": "Explosive - S0569" + }, + { + "description": "[ShadowPad](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0596) is a modular backdoor that was first identified in a supply chain compromise of the NetSarang software in mid-July 2017. The malware was originally thought to be exclusively used by [APT41](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0096), but has since been observed to be used by various Chinese threat activity groups. (Citation: Recorded Future RedEcho Feb 2021)(Citation: Securelist ShadowPad Aug 2017)(Citation: Kaspersky ShadowPad Aug 2017) ", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0596", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0596", + "https://go.recordedfuture.com/hubfs/reports/cta-2021-0228.pdf", + "https://securelist.com/shadowpad-in-corporate-networks/81432/", + "https://media.kasperskycontenthub.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2017/08/07172148/ShadowPad_technical_description_PDF.pdf", + "https://content.fireeye.com/apt-41/rpt-apt41" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "ShadowPad", + "POISONPLUG.SHADOW" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1996eef1-ced3-4d7f-bf94-33298cabbf72", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c21d5a77-d422-4a69-acd7-2c53c1faa34b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "9a60a291-8960-4387-8a4a-2ab5c18bb50b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f4599aa0-4f85-4a32-80ea-fc39dc965945", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d467bc38-284b-4a00-96ac-125f447799fc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4eeaf8a9-c86b-4954-a663-9555fb406466", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "118f61a5-eb3e-4fb6-931f-2096647f4ecd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "ec9e00dd-0313-4d5b-8105-c20aa47abffc", + "value": "ShadowPad - S0596" + }, + { + "description": "[FrozenCell](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0577) is the mobile component of a family of surveillanceware, with a corresponding desktop component known as KasperAgent and [Micropsia](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0339).(Citation: Lookout FrozenCell)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0577", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Android" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0577", + "https://blog.lookout.com/frozencell-mobile-threat" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "FrozenCell" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "6683aa0c-d98a-4f5b-ac57-ca7e9934a760", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d4536441-1bcc-49fa-80ae-a596ed3f7ffd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "99e6295e-741b-4857-b6e5-64989eb039b4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e8b4e1ec-8e3b-484c-9038-4459b1ed8060", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "702055ac-4e54-4ae9-9527-e23a38e0b160", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "6c49d50f-494d-4150-b774-a655022d20a6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e2ea7f6b-8d4f-49c3-819d-660530d12b77", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cf28ca46-1fd3-46b4-b1f6-ec0b72361848", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3b936a4-6321-4172-9114-038a866362ec", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93ccb8f-3996-42e2-b7c7-bb599d4e205f", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e1c912a9-e305-434b-9172-8a6ce3ec9c4a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "96ea1e13-d50f-45f1-b0cf-4ac9bc5a2d62", + "value": "FrozenCell - S0577" + }, + { + "description": "[SUPERNOVA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0578) is an in-memory web shell written in .NET C#. It was discovered in November 2020 during the investigation of [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016)'s SolarWinds cyber operation but determined to be unrelated. Subsequent analysis suggests [SUPERNOVA](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0578) may have been used by the China-based threat group SPIRAL.(Citation: Guidepoint SUPERNOVA Dec 2020)(Citation: Unit42 SUPERNOVA Dec 2020)(Citation: SolarWinds Advisory Dec 2020)(Citation: CISA Supernova Jan 2021)(Citation: Microsoft Analyzing Solorigate Dec 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0578", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0578", + "https://www.guidepointsecurity.com/supernova-solarwinds-net-webshell-analysis/", + "https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/solarstorm-supernova/", + "https://www.solarwinds.com/sa-overview/securityadvisory", + "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ncas/analysis-reports/ar21-027a", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2020/12/18/analyzing-solorigate-the-compromised-dll-file-that-started-a-sophisticated-cyberattack-and-how-microsoft-defender-helps-protect/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "SUPERNOVA" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "be2dcee9-a7a7-4e38-afd6-21b31ecc3d63", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "5d0d3609-d06d-49e1-b9c9-b544e0c618cb", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "b2b0b946-be0a-4a7f-9c32-a2e5211d1cd9", + "value": "SUPERNOVA - S0578" + }, + { + "description": "[Penquin](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0587) is a remote access trojan (RAT) with multiple versions used by [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) to target Linux systems since at least 2014.(Citation: Kaspersky Turla Penquin December 2014)(Citation: Leonardo Turla Penquin May 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0587", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Linux" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0587", + "https://securelist.com/the-penquin-turla-2/67962/", + "https://www.leonardocompany.com/documents/20142/10868623/Malware+Technical+Insight+_Turla+%E2%80%9CPenquin_x64%E2%80%9D.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Penquin", + "Penquin 2.0", + "Penquin_x64" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2acf44aa-542f-4366-b4eb-55ef5747759c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf176076-b789-408e-8cba-7275e81c0ada", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3257eb21-f9a7-4430-8de1-d8b6e288f529", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0533c6e-8fea-4788-874f-b799cacc4b92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "451a9977-d255-43c9-b431-66de80130c8c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "354a7f88-63fb-41b5-a801-ce3b377b36f1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09b130a2-a77e-4af0-a361-f46f9aad1345", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c21d5a77-d422-4a69-acd7-2c53c1faa34b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "d18cb958-f4ad-4fb3-bb4f-e8994d206550", + "value": "Penquin - S0587" + }, + { + "description": "[GoldFinder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0597) is a custom HTTP tracer tool written in Go that logs the route a packet takes between a compromised network and a C2 server. It can be used to inform threat actors of potential points of discovery or logging of their actions, including C2 related to other malware. [GoldFinder](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0597) was discovered in early 2021 during an investigation into the SolarWinds cyber intrusion by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016).(Citation: MSTIC NOBELIUM Mar 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0597", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0597", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GoldFinder" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "132d5b37-aac5-4378-a8dc-3127b18a73dc", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "30208d3e-0d6b-43c8-883e-44462a514619", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "b7010785-699f-412f-ba49-524da6033c76", + "value": "GoldFinder - S0597" + }, + { + "description": "[Waterbear](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0579) is modular malware attributed to [BlackTech](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0098) that has been used primarily for lateral movement, decrypting, and triggering payloads and is capable of hiding network behaviors.(Citation: Trend Micro Waterbear December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0579", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0579", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/19/l/waterbear-is-back-uses-api-hooking-to-evade-security-product-detection.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Waterbear" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "41d9846c-f6af-4302-a654-24bba2729bc6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b0533c6e-8fea-4788-874f-b799cacc4b92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "74d2a63f-3c7b-4852-92da-02d8fbab16da", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cba37adb-d6fb-4610-b069-dd04c0643384", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e64c62cf-9cd7-4a14-94ec-cdaac43ab44b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "f3f1fbed-7e29-49cb-8579-4a378f858deb", + "value": "Waterbear - S0579" + }, + { + "description": "[GoldMax](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0588) is a second-stage C2 backdoor written in Go that was used by [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) and discovered in early 2021 during the investigation into breaches related to the SolarWinds intrusion. [GoldMax](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0588) uses multiple defense evasion techniques, including avoiding virtualization execution and masking malicious traffic.(Citation: MSTIC NOBELIUM Mar 2021)(Citation: FireEye SUNSHUTTLE Mar 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0588", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0588", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2021/03/sunshuttle-second-stage-backdoor-targeting-us-based-entity.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "GoldMax", + "SUNSHUTTLE" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "bf176076-b789-408e-8cba-7275e81c0ada", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "92d7da27-2d91-488e-a00c-059dc162766d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f7c0689c-4dbd-489b-81be-7cb7c7079ade", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f3c544dc-673c-4ef3-accb-53229f1ae077", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "4bed873f-0b7d-41d4-b93a-b6905d1f90b0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "5c747acd-47f0-4c5a-b9e5-213541fc01e0", + "value": "GoldMax - S0588" + }, + { + "description": "[Sibot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0589) is dual-purpose malware written in VBScript designed to achieve persistence on a compromised system as well as download and execute additional payloads. Microsoft discovered three [Sibot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0589) variants in early 2021 during its investigation of [APT29](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0016) and the SolarWinds cyber intrusion campaign.(Citation: MSTIC NOBELIUM Mar 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0589", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0589", + "https://www.microsoft.com/security/blog/2021/03/04/goldmax-goldfinder-sibot-analyzing-nobelium-malware/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Sibot" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "01a5a209-b94c-450b-b7f9-946497d91055", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7e150503-88e7-4861-866b-ff1ac82c4475", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "840a987a-99bd-4a80-a5c9-0cb2baa6cade", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "045d0922-2310-4e60-b5e4-3302302cb3c5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1c4e5d32-1fe9-4116-9d9d-59e3925bd6a2", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "830c9528-df21-472c-8c14-a036bf17d665", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "dfd7cc1d-e1d8-4394-a198-97c4cab8aa67", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "c32f7008-9fea-41f7-8366-5eb9b74bd896", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "979adb5a-dc30-48f0-9e3d-9a26d866928c", + "value": "Sibot - S0589" + }, + { + "description": "[Kinsing](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0599) is Golang-based malware that runs a cryptocurrency miner and attempts to spread itself to other hosts in the victim environment. (Citation: Aqua Kinsing April 2020)(Citation: Sysdig Kinsing November 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0599", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Containers", + "Linux" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0599", + "https://blog.aquasec.com/threat-alert-kinsing-malware-container-vulnerability", + "https://sysdig.com/blog/zoom-into-kinsing-kdevtmpfsi/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Kinsing" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "cd25c1b4-935c-4f0e-ba8d-552f28bc4783", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a93494bb-4b80-4ea1-8695-3236a49916fd", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7b50a1d3-4ca7-45d1-989d-a6503f04bfe1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2db31dcd-54da-405d-acef-b9129b816ed6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "10d51417-ee35-4589-b1ff-b6df1c334e8d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "56e0d8b8-3e25-49dd-9050-3aa252f5aa92", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2acf44aa-542f-4366-b4eb-55ef5747759c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "09b130a2-a77e-4af0-a361-f46f9aad1345", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8187bd2a-866f-4457-9009-86b0ddedffa3", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a9d4b653-6915-42af-98b2-5758c4ceee56", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b17a1a56-e99c-403c-8948-561df0cffe81", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "60b508a1-6a5e-46b1-821a-9f7b78752abf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "d6e55656-e43f-411f-a7af-45df650471c5", + "value": "Kinsing - S0599" } ], - "version": 20 + "version": 21 } diff --git a/clusters/mitre-tool.json b/clusters/mitre-tool.json index bbc68be..e38666c 100644 --- a/clusters/mitre-tool.json +++ b/clusters/mitre-tool.json @@ -66,6 +66,110 @@ "uuid": "a52edc76-328d-4596-85e7-d56ef5a9eb69", "value": "Pass-The-Hash Toolkit - S0122" }, + { + "description": "[CSPY Downloader](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0527) is a tool designed to evade analysis and download additional payloads used by [Kimsuky](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0094).(Citation: Cybereason Kimsuky November 2020)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0527", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0527", + "https://www.cybereason.com/blog/back-to-the-future-inside-the-kimsuky-kgh-spyware-suite" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "CSPY Downloader" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "120d5519-3098-4e1c-9191-2aa61232f073", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "29be378d-262d-4e99-b00d-852d573628e6", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "32901740-b42c-4fdd-bc02-345b5dc57082", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "deb98323-e13f-4b0c-8d94-175379069062", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "232b7f21-adf9-4b42-b936-b9d6f7df856e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d63a3fb8-9452-4e9d-a60a-54be68d5998c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "57340c81-c025-4189-8fa0-fc7ede51bae4", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "799ace7f-e227-4411-baa0-8868704f2a69", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "5256c0f8-9108-4c92-8b09-482dfacdcd94", + "value": "CSPY Downloader - S0527" + }, { "description": "[Imminent Monitor](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0434) was a commodity remote access tool (RAT) offered for sale from 2012 until 2019, when an operation was conducted to take down the Imminent Monitor infrastructure. Various cracked versions and variations of this RAT are still in circulation.(Citation: Imminent Unit42 Dec2019)", "meta": { @@ -381,6 +485,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "afc079f3-c0ea-4096-b75d-3f05338b7f60", @@ -397,7 +508,7 @@ "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0040", "https://www.fireeye.com/content/dam/fireeye-www/global/en/current-threats/pdfs/wp-operation-quantum-entanglement.pdf", - "https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ncsc-content/files/Joint%20report%20on%20publicly%20available%20hacking%20tools%20%28NCSC%29.pdf" + "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/report/joint-report-on-publicly-available-hacking-tools" ], "synonyms": [ "HTRAN", @@ -1232,7 +1343,7 @@ "value": "PsExec - S0029" }, { - "description": "The [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility is a component of the Windows operating system. It is used in command-line operations for control of users, groups, services, and network connections. (Citation: Microsoft Net Utility)\n\n[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) has a great deal of functionality, (Citation: Savill 1999) much of which is useful for an adversary, such as gathering system and network information for Discovery, moving laterally through [Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1077) using net use commands, and interacting with services. The net1.exe utility is executed for certain functionality when net.exe is run and can be used directly in commands such as net1 user.", + "description": "The [Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) utility is a component of the Windows operating system. It is used in command-line operations for control of users, groups, services, and network connections. (Citation: Microsoft Net Utility)\n\n[Net](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0039) has a great deal of functionality, (Citation: Savill 1999) much of which is useful for an adversary, such as gathering system and network information for Discovery, moving laterally through [SMB/Windows Admin Shares](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/002) using net use commands, and interacting with services. The net1.exe utility is executed for certain functionality when net.exe is run and can be used directly in commands such as net1 user.", "meta": { "external_id": "S0039", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -1639,6 +1750,66 @@ "uuid": "2e45723a-31da-4a7e-aaa6-e01998a6788f", "value": "Tasklist - S0057" }, + { + "description": "[NBTscan](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0590) is an open source tool that has been used by state groups to conduct internal reconnaissance within a compromised network.(Citation: Debian nbtscan Nov 2019)(Citation: SecTools nbtscan June 2003)(Citation: Symantec Waterbug Jun 2019)(Citation: FireEye APT39 Jan 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0590", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows", + "Linux", + "macOS" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0590", + "https://manpages.debian.org/testing/nbtscan/nbtscan.1.en.html", + "https://sectools.org/tool/nbtscan/", + "https://www.symantec.com/blogs/threat-intelligence/waterbug-espionage-governments", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/apt39-iranian-cyber-espionage-group-focused-on-personal-information.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "NBTscan" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "3257eb21-f9a7-4430-8de1-d8b6e288f529", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e3a12395-188d-4051-9a16-ea8e14d07b88", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "b63970b7-ddfb-4aee-97b1-80d335e033a8", + "value": "NBTscan - S0590" + }, { "description": "[FTP](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0095) is a utility commonly available with operating systems to transfer information over the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). Adversaries can use it to transfer other tools onto a system or to exfiltrate data. (Citation: Wikipedia FTP)", "meta": { @@ -1942,6 +2113,105 @@ "uuid": "4fa49fc0-9162-4bdb-a37e-7aa3dcb6d38b", "value": "xCmd - S0123" }, + { + "description": "[BloodHound](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0521) is an Active Directory (AD) reconnaissance tool that can reveal hidden relationships and identify attack paths within an AD environment.(Citation: GitHub Bloodhound)(Citation: CrowdStrike BloodHound April 2018)(Citation: FoxIT Wocao December 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0521", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0521", + "https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/BloodHound", + "https://www.crowdstrike.com/blog/hidden-administrative-accounts-bloodhound-to-the-rescue/", + "https://resources.fox-it.com/rs/170-CAK-271/images/201912_Report_Operation_Wocao.pdf" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "BloodHound" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "767dbf9e-df3f-45cb-8998-4903ab5f80c0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "25659dd6-ea12-45c4-97e6-381e3e4b593e", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "391d824f-0ef1-47a0-b0ee-c59a75e27670", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2aed01ad-3df3-4410-a8cb-11ea4ded587c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "a01bf75f-00b2-4568-a58f-565ff9bf202b", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b6075259-dba3-44e9-87c7-e954f37ec0d5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "53ac20cd-aca3-406e-9aa0-9fc7fdc60a5a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "03d7999c-1f4c-42cc-8373-e7690d318104", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "066b057c-944e-4cfc-b654-e3dfba04b926", + "value": "BloodHound - S0521" + }, { "description": "[Pupy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0192) is an open source, cross-platform (Windows, Linux, OSX, Android) remote administration and post-exploitation tool. (Citation: GitHub Pupy) It is written in Python and can be generated as a payload in several different ways (Windows exe, Python file, PowerShell oneliner/file, Linux elf, APK, Rubber Ducky, etc.). (Citation: GitHub Pupy) [Pupy](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0192) is publicly available on GitHub. (Citation: GitHub Pupy)", "meta": { @@ -2414,6 +2684,61 @@ "uuid": "90ec2b22-7061-4469-b539-0989ec4f96c2", "value": "Forfiles - S0193" }, + { + "description": "[Out1](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0594) is a remote access tool written in python and used by [MuddyWater](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0069) since at least 2021.(Citation: Trend Micro Muddy Water March 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0594", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0594", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/21/c/earth-vetala---muddywater-continues-to-target-organizations-in-t.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "Out1" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "d1fcf083-a721-4223-aedf-bf8960798d62", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3c4a2599-71ee-4405-ba1e-0e28414b4bc5", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "df8b2a25-8bdf-4856-953c-a04372b1c161", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "1e9eb839-294b-48cc-b0d3-c45555a2a004", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "80c815bb-b24a-4b9c-9d73-ff4c075a278d", + "value": "Out1 - S0594" + }, { "description": "Responder is an open source tool used for LLMNR, NBT-NS and MDNS poisoning, with built-in HTTP/SMB/MSSQL/FTP/LDAP rogue authentication server supporting NTLMv1/NTLMv2/LMv2, Extended Security NTLMSSP and Basic HTTP authentication. (Citation: GitHub Responder)", "meta": { @@ -2449,7 +2774,7 @@ "value": "Responder - S0174" }, { - "description": "[PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194) is an open source, offensive security framework comprised of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) modules and scripts that perform a wide range of tasks related to penetration testing such as code execution, persistence, bypassing anti-virus, recon, and exfiltration. (Citation: GitHub PowerSploit May 2012) (Citation: PowerShellMagazine PowerSploit July 2014) (Citation: PowerSploit Documentation)", + "description": "[PowerSploit](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0194) is an open source, offensive security framework comprised of [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) modules and scripts that perform a wide range of tasks related to penetration testing such as code execution, persistence, bypassing anti-virus, recon, and exfiltration. (Citation: GitHub PowerSploit May 2012) (Citation: PowerShellMagazine PowerSploit July 2014) (Citation: PowerSploit Documentation)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0194", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -2663,7 +2988,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "3fc9b85a-2862-4363-a64d-d692e3ffbee0", + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -2701,6 +3026,125 @@ "uuid": "65370d0b-3bd4-4653-8cf9-daf56f6be830", "value": "meek - S0175" }, + { + "description": "[IronNetInjector](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0581) is a [Turla](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0010) toolchain that utilizes scripts from the open-source IronPython implementation of Python with a .NET injector to drop one or more payloads including [ComRAT](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0126).(Citation: Unit 42 IronNetInjector February 2021 )", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0581", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0581", + " https://unit42.paloaltonetworks.com/ironnetinjector/" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "IronNetInjector" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "43e7dc91-05b2-474c-b9ac-2ed4fe101f4d", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "3ccef7ae-cb5e-48f6-8302-897105fbf55c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "b3d682b6-98f2-4fb0-aa3b-b4df007ca70a", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "005a06c6-14bf-4118-afa0-ebcd8aebb0c9", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "f4599aa0-4f85-4a32-80ea-fc39dc965945", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "8f4a33ec-8b1f-4b80-a2f6-642b2e479580", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "cc3502b5-30cc-4473-ad48-42d51a6ef6d1", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bdca9d5-d500-4d7d-8c52-5fd47baf4c0c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "b1595ddd-a783-482a-90e1-8afc8d48467e", + "value": "IronNetInjector - S0581" + }, + { + "description": "[ConnectWise](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0591) is a legitimate remote administration tool that has been used since at least 2016 by threat actors including [MuddyWater](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0069) and [GOLD SOUTHFIELD](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0115) to connect to and conduct lateral movement in target environments.(Citation: Anomali Static Kitten February 2021)(Citation: Trend Micro Muddy Water March 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0591", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0591", + "https://www.anomali.com/blog/probable-iranian-cyber-actors-static-kitten-conducting-cyberespionage-campaign-targeting-uae-and-kuwait-government-agencies", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/21/c/earth-vetala---muddywater-continues-to-target-organizations-in-t.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "ConnectWise", + "ScreenConnect" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "6faf650d-bf31-4eb4-802d-1000cf38efaf", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "970a3432-3237-47ad-bcca-7d8cbb217736", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "842976c7-f9c8-41b2-8371-41dc64fbe261", + "value": "ConnectWise - S0591" + }, { "description": "[SDelete](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0195) is an application that securely deletes data in a way that makes it unrecoverable. It is part of the Microsoft Sysinternals suite of tools. (Citation: Microsoft SDelete July 2016)", "meta": { @@ -2950,7 +3394,7 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0227", - "https://www.nccgroup.trust/uk/about-us/newsroom-and-events/blogs/2018/march/apt15-is-alive-and-strong-an-analysis-of-royalcli-and-royaldns/" + "https://research.nccgroup.com/2018/03/10/apt15-is-alive-and-strong-an-analysis-of-royalcli-and-royaldns/" ], "synonyms": [ "spwebmember" @@ -3103,7 +3547,7 @@ "value": "Remcos - S0332" }, { - "description": "[PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378) is an open source remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publicly available on GitHub. The server-side components of the tool are primarily written in Python, while the implants are written in [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086). Although [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378) is primarily focused on Windows implantation, it does contain a basic Python dropper for Linux/macOS.(Citation: GitHub PoshC2)", + "description": "[PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378) is an open source remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publicly available on GitHub. The server-side components of the tool are primarily written in Python, while the implants are written in [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001). Although [PoshC2](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0378) is primarily focused on Windows implantation, it does contain a basic Python dropper for Linux/macOS.(Citation: GitHub PoshC2)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0378", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -3341,6 +3785,111 @@ "uuid": "4b57c098-f043-4da2-83ef-7588a6d426bc", "value": "PoshC2 - S0378" }, + { + "description": "[AdFind](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0552) is a free command-line query tool that can be used for gathering information from Active Directory.(Citation: Red Canary Hospital Thwarted Ryuk October 2020)(Citation: FireEye FIN6 Apr 2019)(Citation: FireEye Ryuk and Trickbot January 2019)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0552", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0552", + "https://redcanary.com/blog/how-one-hospital-thwarted-a-ryuk-ransomware-outbreak/ ", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/04/pick-six-intercepting-a-fin6-intrusion.html", + "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/01/a-nasty-trick-from-credential-theft-malware-to-business-disruption.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "AdFind" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "767dbf9e-df3f-45cb-8998-4903ab5f80c0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "707399d6-ab3e-4963-9315-d9d3818cd6a0", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e358d692-23c0-4a31-9eb6-ecc13a8d7735", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "21875073-b0ee-49e3-9077-1e2a885359af", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "2aed01ad-3df3-4410-a8cb-11ea4ded587c", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "f59508a6-3615-47c3-b493-6676e1a39a87", + "value": "AdFind - S0552" + }, + { + "description": "[RemoteUtilities](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0592) is a legitimate remote administration tool that has been used by [MuddyWater](https://attack.mitre.org/groups/G0069) since at least 2021 for execution on target machines.(Citation: Trend Micro Muddy Water March 2021)", + "meta": { + "external_id": "S0592", + "mitre_platforms": [ + "Windows" + ], + "refs": [ + "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0592", + "https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/21/c/earth-vetala---muddywater-continues-to-target-organizations-in-t.html" + ], + "synonyms": [ + "RemoteUtilities" + ] + }, + "related": [ + { + "dest-uuid": "365be77f-fc0e-42ee-bac8-4faf806d9336", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "7bc57495-ea59-4380-be31-a64af124ef18", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "0259baeb-9f63-4c69-bf10-eb038c390688", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "e6919abc-99f9-4c6c-95a5-14761e7b2add", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" + } + ], + "uuid": "03c6e0ea-96d3-4b23-9afb-05055663cf4b", + "value": "RemoteUtilities - S0592" + }, { "description": "[Xbot](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0298) is an Android malware family that was observed in 2016 primarily targeting Android users in Russia and Australia. (Citation: PaloAlto-Xbot)", "meta": { @@ -3411,7 +3960,7 @@ "value": "Xbot - S0298" }, { - "description": "[Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363) is an open source, cross-platform remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publicly available on GitHub. While the tool itself is primarily written in Python, the post-exploitation agents are written in pure [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1086) for Windows and Python for Linux/macOS. [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363) was one of five tools singled out by a joint report on public hacking tools being widely used by adversaries.(Citation: NCSC Joint Report Public Tools)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)(Citation: GitHub ATTACK Empire)", + "description": "[Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363) is an open source, cross-platform remote administration and post-exploitation framework that is publicly available on GitHub. While the tool itself is primarily written in Python, the post-exploitation agents are written in pure [PowerShell](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1059/001) for Windows and Python for Linux/macOS. [Empire](https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363) was one of five tools singled out by a joint report on public hacking tools being widely used by adversaries.(Citation: NCSC Joint Report Public Tools)(Citation: Github PowerShell Empire)(Citation: GitHub ATTACK Empire)", "meta": { "external_id": "S0363", "mitre_platforms": [ @@ -3421,8 +3970,8 @@ ], "refs": [ "https://attack.mitre.org/software/S0363", - "https://s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ncsc-content/files/Joint%20report%20on%20publicly%20available%20hacking%20tools%20%28NCSC%29.pdf", - "https://github.com/PowerShellEmpire/Empire", + "https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/report/joint-report-on-publicly-available-hacking-tools", + "https://github.com/EmpireProject/Empire", "https://github.com/dstepanic/attck_empire" ], "synonyms": [ @@ -3818,7 +4367,7 @@ "type": "uses" }, { - "dest-uuid": "ebb42bbe-62d7-47d7-a55f-3b08b61d792d", + "dest-uuid": "5d2be8b9-d24c-4e98-83bf-2f5f79477163", "tags": [ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], @@ -3907,6 +4456,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "fc742192-19e3-466c-9eb5-964a97b29490", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "3433a9e8-1c47-4320-b9bf-ed449061d1c3", @@ -4034,6 +4590,13 @@ "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" ], "type": "uses" + }, + { + "dest-uuid": "d336b553-5da9-46ca-98a8-0b23f49fb447", + "tags": [ + "estimative-language:likelihood-probability=\"almost-certain\"" + ], + "type": "uses" } ], "uuid": "b76b2d94-60e4-4107-a903-4a3a7622fb3b", @@ -4556,5 +5119,5 @@ "value": "CrackMapExec - S0488" } ], - "version": 19 + "version": 20 }