{
  "namespace": "threats-to-dns",
  "expanded": "Threats to DNS",
  "description": "An overview of some of the known attacks related to DNS as described by Torabi, S., Boukhtouta, A., Assi, C., & Debbabi, M. (2018) in Detecting Internet Abuse by Analyzing Passive DNS Traffic: A Survey of Implemented Systems. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 1–1. doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2849614",
  "version": 1,
  "predicates": [
    {
      "value": "dns-protocol-attacks",
      "description": "DNS protocol attacks",
      "expanded": "DNS protocol attacks"
    },
    {
      "value": "dns-server-attacks",
      "description": "DNS server attacks",
      "expanded": "DNS server attacks"
    },
    {
      "value": "dns-abuse-or-misuse",
      "description": "DNS abuse/misuse"
    }
  ],
  "values": [
    {
      "predicate": "dns-protocol-attacks",
      "entry": [
        {
          "value": "man-in-the-middle-attack",
          "expanded": "Man-in-the-middle attack",
          "description": "Man-in-the-middle attack"
        },
        {
          "value": "dns-spoofing",
          "expanded": "DNS spoofing",
          "description": "DNS spoofing"
        },
        {
          "value": "dns-rebinding",
          "expanded": "DNS rebinding",
          "description": "DNS rebinding"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "predicate": "dns-server-attacks",
      "entry": [
        {
          "value": "server-dos-and-ddos",
          "expanded": "Server DoS & DDoS",
          "description": "Server DoS & DDoS"
        },
        {
          "value": "server-hijacking",
          "expanded": "Server hijacking",
          "description": "Server hijacking"
        },
        {
          "value": "cache-poisoning",
          "expanded": "Cache poisoning",
          "description": "Cache poisoning"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "predicate": "dns-abuse-or-misuse",
      "entry": [
        {
          "value": "domain-name-registration-abuse-cybersquatting",
          "expanded": "Domain name registration abuse such as cybersquatting",
          "description": "Domain name registration abuse such as cybersquatting"
        },
        {
          "value": "domain-name-registration-abuse-typosquatting",
          "expanded": "Domain name registration abuse such as typosquatting",
          "description": "Domain name registration abuse such as typosquatting"
        },
        {
          "value": "domain-name-registration-abuse-domain-reputation-and-re-registration",
          "expanded": "Domain name registration abuse as domain reputation and re-registration",
          "description": "Domain name registration abuse as domain reputation and re-gistration"
        },
        {
          "value": "dns-reflection-dns-amplification",
          "expanded": "DNS reflection - DNS amplification",
          "description": "DNS reflection - DNS amplification"
        },
        {
          "value": "malicious-or-compromised-domains-ips-malicious-botnets-c2",
          "expanded": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious botnets (C&C servers)",
          "description": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious botnets (C&C servers)"
        },
        {
          "value": "malicious-or-compromised-domains-ips-fast-flux-domains",
          "expanded": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious fast-flux domain & networks",
          "description": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious fast-flux domain & networks"
        },
        {
          "value": "malicious-or-compromised-domains-ips-malicious-dgas",
          "expanded": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious DGAs",
          "description": "Malicious or compromised domains/IPs - Malicious DGAs"
        },
        {
          "value": "covert-channels-malicious-dns-tunneling",
          "expanded": "Covert channels - Malicious DNS tunneling",
          "description": "Covert channels - Malicious DNS tunneling"
        },
        {
          "value": "covert-channels-malicious-payload-distribution",
          "expanded": "Covert channels - Malicious DNS tunneling",
          "description": "Covert channels - Malicious DNS tunneling"
        },
        {
          "value": "benign-services-applications-malicious-dns-resolvers",
          "expanded": "Benign services and applications - Malicious DNS resolvers",
          "description": "Benign services and applications - Malicious DNS resolvers"
        },
        {
          "value": "benign-services-applications-malicious-scanners",
          "expanded": "Benign services and applications - Malicious scanners",
          "description": "Benign services and applications - Malicious scanners"
        },
        {
          "value": "benign-services-applications-url-shorteners",
          "expanded": "Benign services and applications - URL shorteners",
          "description": "Benign services and applications - URL shorteners"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}