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<main>
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<h1 id="jwt-login-type"><a class="header" href="#jwt-login-type">JWT Login Type</a></h1>
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<p>Synapse comes with a non-standard login type to support
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<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Web_Token">JSON Web Tokens</a>. In general the
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documentation for
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<a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/client_server/r0.6.1#login">the login endpoint</a>
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is still valid (and the mechanism works similarly to the
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<a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/client_server/r0.6.1#token-based">token based login</a>).</p>
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<p>To log in using a JSON Web Token, clients should submit a <code>/login</code> request as
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follows:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-json">{
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"type": "org.matrix.login.jwt",
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"token": "<jwt>"
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>The <code>token</code> field should include the JSON web token with the following claims:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>A claim that encodes the local part of the user ID is required. By default,
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the <code>sub</code> (subject) claim is used, or a custom claim can be set in the
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configuration file.</li>
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<li>The expiration time (<code>exp</code>), not before time (<code>nbf</code>), and issued at (<code>iat</code>)
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claims are optional, but validated if present.</li>
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<li>The issuer (<code>iss</code>) claim is optional, but required and validated if configured.</li>
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<li>The audience (<code>aud</code>) claim is optional, but required and validated if configured.
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Providing the audience claim when not configured will cause validation to fail.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>In the case that the token is not valid, the homeserver must respond with
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<code>403 Forbidden</code> and an error code of <code>M_FORBIDDEN</code>.</p>
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<p>As with other login types, there are additional fields (e.g. <code>device_id</code> and
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<code>initial_device_display_name</code>) which can be included in the above request.</p>
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<h2 id="preparing-synapse"><a class="header" href="#preparing-synapse">Preparing Synapse</a></h2>
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<p>The JSON Web Token integration in Synapse uses the
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<a href="https://docs.authlib.org/en/latest/index.html"><code>Authlib</code></a> library, which must be installed
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as follows:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>The relevant libraries are included in the Docker images and Debian packages
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provided by <code>matrix.org</code> so no further action is needed.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>If you installed Synapse into a virtualenv, run <code>/path/to/env/bin/pip install synapse[jwt]</code> to install the necessary dependencies.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>For other installation mechanisms, see the documentation provided by the
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maintainer.</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>To enable the JSON web token integration, you should then add a <code>jwt_config</code> option
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to your configuration file. See the <a href="usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#jwt_config">configuration manual</a> for some
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sample settings.</p>
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<h2 id="how-to-test-jwt-as-a-developer"><a class="header" href="#how-to-test-jwt-as-a-developer">How to test JWT as a developer</a></h2>
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<p>Although JSON Web Tokens are typically generated from an external server, the
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example below uses a locally generated JWT.</p>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>Configure Synapse with JWT logins, note that this example uses a pre-shared
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secret and an algorithm of HS256:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-yaml">jwt_config:
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enabled: true
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secret: "my-secret-token"
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algorithm: "HS256"
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</code></pre>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>Generate a JSON web token:</p>
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<p>You can use the following short Python snippet to generate a JWT
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protected by an HMAC.
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Take care that the <code>secret</code> and the algorithm given in the <code>header</code> match
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the entries from <code>jwt_config</code> above.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-python">from authlib.jose import jwt
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header = {"alg": "HS256"}
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payload = {"sub": "user1", "aud": ["audience"]}
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secret = "my-secret-token"
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result = jwt.encode(header, payload, secret)
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print(result.decode("ascii"))
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</code></pre>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>Query for the login types and ensure <code>org.matrix.login.jwt</code> is there:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-bash">curl http://localhost:8080/_matrix/client/r0/login
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</code></pre>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>Login used the generated JSON web token from above:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-bash">$ curl http://localhost:8082/_matrix/client/r0/login -X POST \
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--data '{"type":"org.matrix.login.jwt","token":"eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJ0ZXN0LXVzZXIifQ.Ag71GT8v01UO3w80aqRPTeuVPBIBZkYhNTJJ-_-zQIc"}'
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{
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"access_token": "<access token>",
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"device_id": "ACBDEFGHI",
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"home_server": "localhost:8080",
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"user_id": "@test-user:localhost:8480"
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}
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</code></pre>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<p>You should now be able to use the returned access token to query the client API.</p>
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</main>
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