# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd # Copyright 2019 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C. # # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. # You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. import abc import re import string from typing import ( TYPE_CHECKING, AbstractSet, Any, ClassVar, Dict, List, Mapping, Match, MutableMapping, NoReturn, Optional, Set, Tuple, Type, TypeVar, Union, ) import attr from immutabledict import immutabledict from signedjson.key import decode_verify_key_bytes from signedjson.types import VerifyKey from typing_extensions import Final, TypedDict from unpaddedbase64 import decode_base64 from zope.interface import Interface from twisted.internet.defer import CancelledError from twisted.internet.interfaces import ( IReactorCore, IReactorPluggableNameResolver, IReactorSSL, IReactorTCP, IReactorThreads, IReactorTime, ) from synapse.api.errors import Codes, SynapseError from synapse.util.cancellation import cancellable from synapse.util.stringutils import parse_and_validate_server_name if TYPE_CHECKING: from synapse.appservice.api import ApplicationService from synapse.storage.databases.main import DataStore, PurgeEventsStore from synapse.storage.databases.main.appservice import ApplicationServiceWorkerStore # Define a state map type from type/state_key to T (usually an event ID or # event) T = TypeVar("T") StateKey = Tuple[str, str] StateMap = Mapping[StateKey, T] MutableStateMap = MutableMapping[StateKey, T] # JSON types. These could be made stronger, but will do for now. # A "simple" (canonical) JSON value. SimpleJsonValue = Optional[Union[str, int, bool]] JsonValue = Union[List[SimpleJsonValue], Tuple[SimpleJsonValue, ...], SimpleJsonValue] # A JSON-serialisable dict. JsonDict = Dict[str, Any] # A JSON-serialisable mapping; roughly speaking an immutable JSONDict. # Useful when you have a TypedDict which isn't going to be mutated and you don't want # to cast to JsonDict everywhere. JsonMapping = Mapping[str, Any] # A JSON-serialisable object. JsonSerializable = object # Collection[str] that does not include str itself; str being a Sequence[str] # is very misleading and results in bugs. StrCollection = Union[Tuple[str, ...], List[str], AbstractSet[str]] # Note that this seems to require inheriting *directly* from Interface in order # for mypy-zope to realize it is an interface. class ISynapseReactor( IReactorTCP, IReactorSSL, IReactorPluggableNameResolver, IReactorTime, IReactorCore, IReactorThreads, Interface, ): """The interfaces necessary for Synapse to function.""" @attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True, auto_attribs=True) class Requester: """ Represents the user making a request Attributes: user: id of the user making the request access_token_id: *ID* of the access token used for this request, or None if it came via the appservice API or similar is_guest: True if the user making this request is a guest user shadow_banned: True if the user making this request has been shadow-banned. device_id: device_id which was set at authentication time app_service: the AS requesting on behalf of the user authenticated_entity: The entity that authenticated when making the request. This is different to the user_id when an admin user or the server is "puppeting" the user. """ user: "UserID" access_token_id: Optional[int] is_guest: bool shadow_banned: bool device_id: Optional[str] app_service: Optional["ApplicationService"] authenticated_entity: str def serialize(self) -> Dict[str, Any]: """Converts self to a type that can be serialized as JSON, and then deserialized by `deserialize` Returns: dict """ return { "user_id": self.user.to_string(), "access_token_id": self.access_token_id, "is_guest": self.is_guest, "shadow_banned": self.shadow_banned, "device_id": self.device_id, "app_server_id": self.app_service.id if self.app_service else None, "authenticated_entity": self.authenticated_entity, } @staticmethod def deserialize( store: "ApplicationServiceWorkerStore", input: Dict[str, Any] ) -> "Requester": """Converts a dict that was produced by `serialize` back into a Requester. Args: store: Used to convert AS ID to AS object input: A dict produced by `serialize` Returns: Requester """ appservice = None if input["app_server_id"]: appservice = store.get_app_service_by_id(input["app_server_id"]) return Requester( user=UserID.from_string(input["user_id"]), access_token_id=input["access_token_id"], is_guest=input["is_guest"], shadow_banned=input["shadow_banned"], device_id=input["device_id"], app_service=appservice, authenticated_entity=input["authenticated_entity"], ) def create_requester( user_id: Union[str, "UserID"], access_token_id: Optional[int] = None, is_guest: bool = False, shadow_banned: bool = False, device_id: Optional[str] = None, app_service: Optional["ApplicationService"] = None, authenticated_entity: Optional[str] = None, ) -> Requester: """ Create a new ``Requester`` object Args: user_id: id of the user making the request access_token_id: *ID* of the access token used for this request, or None if it came via the appservice API or similar is_guest: True if the user making this request is a guest user shadow_banned: True if the user making this request is shadow-banned. device_id: device_id which was set at authentication time app_service: the AS requesting on behalf of the user authenticated_entity: The entity that authenticated when making the request. This is different to the user_id when an admin user or the server is "puppeting" the user. Returns: Requester """ if not isinstance(user_id, UserID): user_id = UserID.from_string(user_id) if authenticated_entity is None: authenticated_entity = user_id.to_string() return Requester( user_id, access_token_id, is_guest, shadow_banned, device_id, app_service, authenticated_entity, ) def get_domain_from_id(string: str) -> str: idx = string.find(":") if idx == -1: raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid ID: %r" % (string,)) return string[idx + 1 :] def get_localpart_from_id(string: str) -> str: idx = string.find(":") if idx == -1: raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid ID: %r" % (string,)) return string[1:idx] DS = TypeVar("DS", bound="DomainSpecificString") @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, repr=False, auto_attribs=True) class DomainSpecificString(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): """Common base class among ID/name strings that have a local part and a domain name, prefixed with a sigil. Has the fields: 'localpart' : The local part of the name (without the leading sigil) 'domain' : The domain part of the name """ SIGIL: ClassVar[str] = abc.abstractproperty() # type: ignore localpart: str domain: str # Because this is a frozen class, it is deeply immutable. def __copy__(self: DS) -> DS: return self def __deepcopy__(self: DS, memo: Dict[str, object]) -> DS: return self @classmethod def from_string(cls: Type[DS], s: str) -> DS: """Parse the string given by 's' into a structure object.""" if len(s) < 1 or s[0:1] != cls.SIGIL: raise SynapseError( 400, "Expected %s string to start with '%s'" % (cls.__name__, cls.SIGIL), Codes.INVALID_PARAM, ) parts = s[1:].split(":", 1) if len(parts) != 2: raise SynapseError( 400, "Expected %s of the form '%slocalname:domain'" % (cls.__name__, cls.SIGIL), Codes.INVALID_PARAM, ) domain = parts[1] # This code will need changing if we want to support multiple domain # names on one HS return cls(localpart=parts[0], domain=domain) def to_string(self) -> str: """Return a string encoding the fields of the structure object.""" return "%s%s:%s" % (self.SIGIL, self.localpart, self.domain) @classmethod def is_valid(cls: Type[DS], s: str) -> bool: """Parses the input string and attempts to ensure it is valid.""" # TODO: this does not reject an empty localpart or an overly-long string. # See https://spec.matrix.org/v1.2/appendices/#identifier-grammar try: obj = cls.from_string(s) # Apply additional validation to the domain. This is only done # during is_valid (and not part of from_string) since it is # possible for invalid data to exist in room-state, etc. parse_and_validate_server_name(obj.domain) return True except Exception: return False __repr__ = to_string @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, repr=False) class UserID(DomainSpecificString): """Structure representing a user ID.""" SIGIL = "@" @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, repr=False) class RoomAlias(DomainSpecificString): """Structure representing a room name.""" SIGIL = "#" @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, repr=False) class RoomID(DomainSpecificString): """Structure representing a room id.""" SIGIL = "!" @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, repr=False) class EventID(DomainSpecificString): """Structure representing an event id.""" SIGIL = "$" mxid_localpart_allowed_characters = set( "_-./=" + string.ascii_lowercase + string.digits ) def contains_invalid_mxid_characters(localpart: str) -> bool: """Check for characters not allowed in an mxid or groupid localpart Args: localpart: the localpart to be checked Returns: True if there are any naughty characters """ return any(c not in mxid_localpart_allowed_characters for c in localpart) UPPER_CASE_PATTERN = re.compile(b"[A-Z_]") # the following is a pattern which matches '=', and bytes which are not allowed in a mxid # localpart. # # It works by: # * building a string containing the allowed characters (excluding '=') # * escaping every special character with a backslash (to stop '-' being interpreted as a # range operator) # * wrapping it in a '[^...]' regex # * converting the whole lot to a 'bytes' sequence, so that we can use it to match # bytes rather than strings # NON_MXID_CHARACTER_PATTERN = re.compile( ("[^%s]" % (re.escape("".join(mxid_localpart_allowed_characters - {"="})),)).encode( "ascii" ) ) def map_username_to_mxid_localpart( username: Union[str, bytes], case_sensitive: bool = False ) -> str: """Map a username onto a string suitable for a MXID This follows the algorithm laid out at https://matrix.org/docs/spec/appendices.html#mapping-from-other-character-sets. Args: username: username to be mapped case_sensitive: true if TEST and test should be mapped onto different mxids Returns: string suitable for a mxid localpart """ if not isinstance(username, bytes): username = username.encode("utf-8") # first we sort out upper-case characters if case_sensitive: def f1(m: Match[bytes]) -> bytes: return b"_" + m.group().lower() username = UPPER_CASE_PATTERN.sub(f1, username) else: username = username.lower() # then we sort out non-ascii characters by converting to the hex equivalent. def f2(m: Match[bytes]) -> bytes: return b"=%02x" % (m.group()[0],) username = NON_MXID_CHARACTER_PATTERN.sub(f2, username) # we also do the =-escaping to mxids starting with an underscore. username = re.sub(b"^_", b"=5f", username) # we should now only have ascii bytes left, so can decode back to a string. return username.decode("ascii") @attr.s(frozen=True, slots=True, order=False) class RoomStreamToken: """Tokens are positions between events. The token "s1" comes after event 1. s0 s1 | | [0] ▼ [1] ▼ [2] Tokens can either be a point in the live event stream or a cursor going through historic events. When traversing the live event stream, events are ordered by `stream_ordering` (when they arrived at the homeserver). When traversing historic events, events are first ordered by their `depth` (`topological_ordering` in the event graph) and tie-broken by `stream_ordering` (when the event arrived at the homeserver). If you're looking for more info about what a token with all of the underscores means, ex. `s2633508_17_338_6732159_1082514_541479_274711_265584_1`, see the docstring for `StreamToken` below. --- Live tokens start with an "s" followed by the `stream_ordering` of the event that comes before the position of the token. Said another way: `stream_ordering` uniquely identifies a persisted event. The live token means "the position just after the event identified by `stream_ordering`". An example token is: s2633508 --- Historic tokens start with a "t" followed by the `depth` (`topological_ordering` in the event graph) of the event that comes before the position of the token, followed by "-", followed by the `stream_ordering` of the event that comes before the position of the token. An example token is: t426-2633508 --- There is also a third mode for live tokens where the token starts with "m", which is sometimes used when using sharded event persisters. In this case the events stream is considered to be a set of streams (one for each writer) and the token encodes the vector clock of positions of each writer in their respective streams. The format of the token in such case is an initial integer min position, followed by the mapping of instance ID to position separated by '.' and '~': m{min_pos}~{writer1}.{pos1}~{writer2}.{pos2}. ... The `min_pos` corresponds to the minimum position all writers have persisted up to, and then only writers that are ahead of that position need to be encoded. An example token is: m56~2.58~3.59 Which corresponds to a set of three (or more writers) where instances 2 and 3 (these are instance IDs that can be looked up in the DB to fetch the more commonly used instance names) are at positions 58 and 59 respectively, and all other instances are at position 56. Note: The `RoomStreamToken` cannot have both a topological part and an instance map. --- For caching purposes, `RoomStreamToken`s and by extension, all their attributes, must be hashable. """ topological: Optional[int] = attr.ib( validator=attr.validators.optional(attr.validators.instance_of(int)), ) stream: int = attr.ib(validator=attr.validators.instance_of(int)) instance_map: "immutabledict[str, int]" = attr.ib( factory=immutabledict, validator=attr.validators.deep_mapping( key_validator=attr.validators.instance_of(str), value_validator=attr.validators.instance_of(int), mapping_validator=attr.validators.instance_of(immutabledict), ), ) def __attrs_post_init__(self) -> None: """Validates that both `topological` and `instance_map` aren't set.""" if self.instance_map and self.topological: raise ValueError( "Cannot set both 'topological' and 'instance_map' on 'RoomStreamToken'." ) @classmethod async def parse(cls, store: "PurgeEventsStore", string: str) -> "RoomStreamToken": try: if string[0] == "s": return cls(topological=None, stream=int(string[1:])) if string[0] == "t": parts = string[1:].split("-", 1) return cls(topological=int(parts[0]), stream=int(parts[1])) if string[0] == "m": parts = string[1:].split("~") stream = int(parts[0]) instance_map = {} for part in parts[1:]: key, value = part.split(".") instance_id = int(key) pos = int(value) instance_name = await store.get_name_from_instance_id(instance_id) # type: ignore[attr-defined] instance_map[instance_name] = pos return cls( topological=None, stream=stream, instance_map=immutabledict(instance_map), ) except CancelledError: raise except Exception: pass raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid room stream token %r" % (string,)) @classmethod def parse_stream_token(cls, string: str) -> "RoomStreamToken": try: if string[0] == "s": return cls(topological=None, stream=int(string[1:])) except Exception: pass raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid room stream token %r" % (string,)) def copy_and_advance(self, other: "RoomStreamToken") -> "RoomStreamToken": """Return a new token such that if an event is after both this token and the other token, then its after the returned token too. """ if self.topological or other.topological: raise Exception("Can't advance topological tokens") max_stream = max(self.stream, other.stream) instance_map = { instance: max( self.instance_map.get(instance, self.stream), other.instance_map.get(instance, other.stream), ) for instance in set(self.instance_map).union(other.instance_map) } return RoomStreamToken(None, max_stream, immutabledict(instance_map)) def as_historical_tuple(self) -> Tuple[int, int]: """Returns a tuple of `(topological, stream)` for historical tokens. Raises if not an historical token (i.e. doesn't have a topological part). """ if self.topological is None: raise Exception( "Cannot call `RoomStreamToken.as_historical_tuple` on live token" ) return self.topological, self.stream def get_stream_pos_for_instance(self, instance_name: str) -> int: """Get the stream position that the given writer was at at this token. This only makes sense for "live" tokens that may have a vector clock component, and so asserts that this is a "live" token. """ assert self.topological is None # If we don't have an entry for the instance we can assume that it was # at `self.stream`. return self.instance_map.get(instance_name, self.stream) def get_max_stream_pos(self) -> int: """Get the maximum stream position referenced in this token. The corresponding "min" position is, by definition just `self.stream`. This is used to handle tokens that have non-empty `instance_map`, and so reference stream positions after the `self.stream` position. """ return max(self.instance_map.values(), default=self.stream) async def to_string(self, store: "DataStore") -> str: if self.topological is not None: return "t%d-%d" % (self.topological, self.stream) elif self.instance_map: entries = [] for name, pos in self.instance_map.items(): if pos <= self.stream: # Ignore instances who are below the minimum stream position # (we might know they've advanced without seeing a recent # write from them). continue instance_id = await store.get_id_for_instance(name) entries.append(f"{instance_id}.{pos}") encoded_map = "~".join(entries) return f"m{self.stream}~{encoded_map}" else: return "s%d" % (self.stream,) class StreamKeyType: """Known stream types. A stream is a list of entities ordered by an incrementing "stream token". """ ROOM: Final = "room_key" PRESENCE: Final = "presence_key" TYPING: Final = "typing_key" RECEIPT: Final = "receipt_key" ACCOUNT_DATA: Final = "account_data_key" PUSH_RULES: Final = "push_rules_key" TO_DEVICE: Final = "to_device_key" DEVICE_LIST: Final = "device_list_key" UN_PARTIAL_STATED_ROOMS = "un_partial_stated_rooms_key" @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True) class StreamToken: """A collection of keys joined together by underscores in the following order and which represent the position in their respective streams. ex. `s2633508_17_338_6732159_1082514_541479_274711_265584_1_379` 1. `room_key`: `s2633508` which is a `RoomStreamToken` - `RoomStreamToken`'s can also look like `t426-2633508` or `m56~2.58~3.59` - See the docstring for `RoomStreamToken` for more details. 2. `presence_key`: `17` 3. `typing_key`: `338` 4. `receipt_key`: `6732159` 5. `account_data_key`: `1082514` 6. `push_rules_key`: `541479` 7. `to_device_key`: `274711` 8. `device_list_key`: `265584` 9. `groups_key`: `1` (note that this key is now unused) 10. `un_partial_stated_rooms_key`: `379` You can see how many of these keys correspond to the various fields in a "/sync" response: ```json { "next_batch": "s12_4_0_1_1_1_1_4_1_1", "presence": { "events": [] }, "device_lists": { "changed": [] }, "rooms": { "join": { "!QrZlfIDQLNLdZHqTnt:hs1": { "timeline": { "events": [], "prev_batch": "s10_4_0_1_1_1_1_4_1_1", "limited": false }, "state": { "events": [] }, "account_data": { "events": [] }, "ephemeral": { "events": [] } } } } } ``` --- For caching purposes, `StreamToken`s and by extension, all their attributes, must be hashable. """ room_key: RoomStreamToken = attr.ib( validator=attr.validators.instance_of(RoomStreamToken) ) presence_key: int typing_key: int receipt_key: int account_data_key: int push_rules_key: int to_device_key: int device_list_key: int # Note that the groups key is no longer used and may have bogus values. groups_key: int un_partial_stated_rooms_key: int _SEPARATOR = "_" START: ClassVar["StreamToken"] @classmethod @cancellable async def from_string(cls, store: "DataStore", string: str) -> "StreamToken": """ Creates a RoomStreamToken from its textual representation. """ try: keys = string.split(cls._SEPARATOR) while len(keys) < len(attr.fields(cls)): # i.e. old token from before receipt_key keys.append("0") return cls( await RoomStreamToken.parse(store, keys[0]), *(int(k) for k in keys[1:]) ) except CancelledError: raise except Exception: raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid stream token") async def to_string(self, store: "DataStore") -> str: return self._SEPARATOR.join( [ await self.room_key.to_string(store), str(self.presence_key), str(self.typing_key), str(self.receipt_key), str(self.account_data_key), str(self.push_rules_key), str(self.to_device_key), str(self.device_list_key), # Note that the groups key is no longer used, but it is still # serialized so that there will not be confusion in the future # if additional tokens are added. str(self.groups_key), str(self.un_partial_stated_rooms_key), ] ) @property def room_stream_id(self) -> int: return self.room_key.stream def copy_and_advance(self, key: str, new_value: Any) -> "StreamToken": """Advance the given key in the token to a new value if and only if the new value is after the old value. :raises TypeError: if `key` is not the one of the keys tracked by a StreamToken. """ if key == StreamKeyType.ROOM: new_token = self.copy_and_replace( StreamKeyType.ROOM, self.room_key.copy_and_advance(new_value) ) return new_token new_token = self.copy_and_replace(key, new_value) new_id = int(getattr(new_token, key)) old_id = int(getattr(self, key)) if old_id < new_id: return new_token else: return self def copy_and_replace(self, key: str, new_value: Any) -> "StreamToken": return attr.evolve(self, **{key: new_value}) StreamToken.START = StreamToken(RoomStreamToken(None, 0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True) class PersistedEventPosition: """Position of a newly persisted event with instance that persisted it. This can be used to test whether the event is persisted before or after a RoomStreamToken. """ instance_name: str stream: int def persisted_after(self, token: RoomStreamToken) -> bool: return token.get_stream_pos_for_instance(self.instance_name) < self.stream def to_room_stream_token(self) -> RoomStreamToken: """Converts the position to a room stream token such that events persisted in the same room after this position will be after the returned `RoomStreamToken`. Note: no guarantees are made about ordering w.r.t. events in other rooms. """ # Doing the naive thing satisfies the desired properties described in # the docstring. return RoomStreamToken(None, self.stream) @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True) class ThirdPartyInstanceID: appservice_id: Optional[str] network_id: Optional[str] # Deny iteration because it will bite you if you try to create a singleton # set by: # users = set(user) def __iter__(self) -> NoReturn: raise ValueError("Attempted to iterate a %s" % (type(self).__name__,)) # Because this class is a frozen class, it is deeply immutable. def __copy__(self) -> "ThirdPartyInstanceID": return self def __deepcopy__(self, memo: Dict[str, object]) -> "ThirdPartyInstanceID": return self @classmethod def from_string(cls, s: str) -> "ThirdPartyInstanceID": bits = s.split("|", 2) if len(bits) != 2: raise SynapseError(400, "Invalid ID %r" % (s,)) return cls(appservice_id=bits[0], network_id=bits[1]) def to_string(self) -> str: return "%s|%s" % (self.appservice_id, self.network_id) __str__ = to_string @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True) class ReadReceipt: """Information about a read-receipt""" room_id: str receipt_type: str user_id: str event_ids: List[str] thread_id: Optional[str] data: JsonDict @attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True) class DeviceListUpdates: """ An object containing a diff of information regarding other users' device lists, intended for a recipient to carry out device list tracking. Attributes: changed: A set of users whose device lists have changed recently. left: A set of users who the recipient no longer needs to track the device lists of. Typically when those users no longer share any end-to-end encryption enabled rooms. """ # We need to use a factory here, otherwise `set` is not evaluated at # object instantiation, but instead at class definition instantiation. # The latter happening only once, thus always giving you the same sets # across multiple DeviceListUpdates instances. # Also see: don't define mutable default arguments. changed: Set[str] = attr.ib(factory=set) left: Set[str] = attr.ib(factory=set) def __bool__(self) -> bool: return bool(self.changed or self.left) def get_verify_key_from_cross_signing_key( key_info: Mapping[str, Any] ) -> Tuple[str, VerifyKey]: """Get the key ID and signedjson verify key from a cross-signing key dict Args: key_info: a cross-signing key dict, which must have a "keys" property that has exactly one item in it Returns: the key ID and verify key for the cross-signing key """ # make sure that a `keys` field is provided if "keys" not in key_info: raise ValueError("Invalid key") keys = key_info["keys"] # and that it contains exactly one key if len(keys) == 1: key_id, key_data = next(iter(keys.items())) return key_id, decode_verify_key_bytes(key_id, decode_base64(key_data)) else: raise ValueError("Invalid key") @attr.s(auto_attribs=True, frozen=True, slots=True) class UserInfo: """Holds information about a user. Result of get_userinfo_by_id. Attributes: user_id: ID of the user. appservice_id: Application service ID that created this user. consent_server_notice_sent: Version of policy documents the user has been sent. consent_version: Version of policy documents the user has consented to. creation_ts: Creation timestamp of the user. is_admin: True if the user is an admin. is_deactivated: True if the user has been deactivated. is_guest: True if the user is a guest user. is_shadow_banned: True if the user has been shadow-banned. user_type: User type (None for normal user, 'support' and 'bot' other options). """ user_id: UserID appservice_id: Optional[int] consent_server_notice_sent: Optional[str] consent_version: Optional[str] user_type: Optional[str] creation_ts: int is_admin: bool is_deactivated: bool is_guest: bool is_shadow_banned: bool class UserProfile(TypedDict): user_id: str display_name: Optional[str] avatar_url: Optional[str] @attr.s(auto_attribs=True, frozen=True, slots=True) class RetentionPolicy: min_lifetime: Optional[int] = None max_lifetime: Optional[int] = None