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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Introduction</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../welcome_and_overview.html">Welcome and Overview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Setup</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/installation.html" class="active">Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../postgres.html">Using Postgres</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../reverse_proxy.html">Configuring a Reverse Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/forward_proxy.html">Configuring a Forward/Outbound Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../turn-howto.html">Configuring a Turn Server</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/turn/coturn.html">coturn TURN server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/turn/eturnal.html">eturnal TURN server</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../delegate.html">Delegation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Upgrading</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../upgrade.html">Upgrading between Synapse Versions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Usage</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../federate.html">Federation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/config_documentation.html">Configuration Manual</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/homeserver_sample_config.html">Homeserver Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/logging_sample_config.html">Logging Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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Providers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../jwt.html">JSON Web Tokens</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/user_authentication/refresh_tokens.html">Refresh Tokens</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../CAPTCHA_SETUP.html">Registration Captcha</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../application_services.html">Application Services</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../server_notices.html">Server Notices</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../consent_tracking.html">Consent Tracking</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../user_directory.html">User Directory</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../message_retention_policies.html">Message Retention Policies</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/index.html">Pluggable Modules</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/writing_a_module.html">Writing a module</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/spam_checker_callbacks.html">Spam checker callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/third_party_rules_callbacks.html">Third-party rules callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/presence_router_callbacks.html">Presence router callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/account_validity_callbacks.html">Account validity callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/password_auth_provider_callbacks.html">Password auth provider callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/background_update_controller_callbacks.html">Background update controller callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/account_data_callbacks.html">Account data callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/add_extra_fields_to_client_events_unsigned.html">Add extra fields to client events unsigned section callbacks</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../modules/porting_legacy_module.html">Porting a legacy module to the new interface</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../workers.html">Workers</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../synctl_workers.html">Using synctl with Workers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../systemd-with-workers/index.html">Systemd</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/index.html">Administration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/admin_api/index.html">Admin API</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/account_validity.html">Account Validity</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/admin_api/background_updates.html">Background Updates</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/event_reports.html">Event Reports</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/experimental_features.html">Experimental Features</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/media_admin_api.html">Media</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/purge_history_api.html">Purge History</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/register_api.html">Register Users</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/admin_api/registration_tokens.html">Registration Tokens</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/room_membership.html">Manipulate Room Membership</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../admin_api/rooms.html">Rooms</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded 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"><a href="../usage/administration/understanding_synapse_through_grafana_graphs.html">Understanding Synapse Through Grafana Graphs</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/useful_sql_for_admins.html">Useful SQL for Admins</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/database_maintenance_tools.html">Database Maintenance Tools</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/state_groups.html">State Groups</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/request_log.html">Request log format</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/administration/admin_faq.html">Admin FAQ</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div>Scripts</div></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><li class="part-title">Development</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/contributing_guide.html">Contributing Guide</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../code_style.html">Code Style</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/reviews.html">Reviewing Code</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/releases.html">Release Cycle</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/git.html">Git Usage</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div>Testing</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/demo.html">Demo scripts</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../opentracing.html">OpenTracing</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/database_schema.html">Database Schemas</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/experimental_features.html">Experimental features</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/dependencies.html">Dependency management</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div>Synapse Architecture</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/synapse_architecture/cancellation.html">Cancellation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../log_contexts.html">Log Contexts</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../replication.html">Replication</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/synapse_architecture/streams.html">Streams</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../tcp_replication.html">TCP Replication</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/synapse_architecture/faster_joins.html">Faster remote joins</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../development/internal_documentation/index.html">Internal Documentation</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><div>Single Sign-On</div></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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href="../other/running_synapse_on_single_board_computers.html">Running Synapse on a Single-Board Computer</a></li></ol>
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<!--BEGIN OUTDATED WARNING-->
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<div style="padding: 2em; margin: 2em; border: 3px solid red;" class="content">
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<h1>This documentation may be out of date!</h1>
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<p>
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This documentation site is for the versions of Synapse maintained by the <em>Matrix.org Foundation</em> (<a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse">github.com/matrix-org/synapse</a>), available under the Apache 2.0 licence.
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</p>
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<p>
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Since version 1.99, Synapse is now maintained by <em>Element</em> under a new licence (<a href="https://github.com/element-hq/synapse">github.com/element-hq/synapse</a>).
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</p>
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<p>
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If you are interested in the documentation for a later version of Synapse, please <a href="https://element-hq.github.io/synapse/latest/setup/installation.html">click here to navigate to this same page on the latest Element Synapse documentation site</a>, if it's available.
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</p>
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<!--END OUTDATED WARNING-->
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<h1 id="installation-instructions"><a class="header" href="#installation-instructions">Installation Instructions</a></h1>
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<h2 id="choosing-your-server-name"><a class="header" href="#choosing-your-server-name">Choosing your server name</a></h2>
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<p>It is important to choose the name for your server before you install Synapse,
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because it cannot be changed later.</p>
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<p>The server name determines the "domain" part of user-ids for users on your
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server: these will all be of the format <code>@user:my.domain.name</code>. It also
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determines how other matrix servers will reach yours for federation.</p>
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<p>For a test configuration, set this to the hostname of your server. For a more
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production-ready setup, you will probably want to specify your domain
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(<code>example.com</code>) rather than a matrix-specific hostname here (in the same way
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that your email address is probably <code>user@example.com</code> rather than
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<code>user@email.example.com</code>) - but doing so may require more advanced setup: see
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<a href="../federate.html">Setting up Federation</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="installing-synapse"><a class="header" href="#installing-synapse">Installing Synapse</a></h2>
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<h3 id="prebuilt-packages"><a class="header" href="#prebuilt-packages">Prebuilt packages</a></h3>
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<p>Prebuilt packages are available for a number of platforms. These are recommended
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for most users.</p>
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<h4 id="docker-images-and-ansible-playbooks"><a class="header" href="#docker-images-and-ansible-playbooks">Docker images and Ansible playbooks</a></h4>
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<p>There is an official synapse image available at
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<a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/matrixdotorg/synapse">https://hub.docker.com/r/matrixdotorg/synapse</a> or at <a href="https://ghcr.io/matrix-org/synapse"><code>ghcr.io/matrix-org/synapse</code></a>
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which can be used with the docker-compose file available at
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<a href="https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/tree/develop/contrib/docker">contrib/docker</a>.
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Further information on this including configuration options is available in the README
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on hub.docker.com.</p>
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<p>Alternatively, Andreas Peters (previously Silvio Fricke) has contributed a
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Dockerfile to automate a synapse server in a single Docker image, at
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<a href="https://hub.docker.com/r/avhost/docker-matrix/tags/">https://hub.docker.com/r/avhost/docker-matrix/tags/</a></p>
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<p>Slavi Pantaleev has created an Ansible playbook,
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which installs the official Docker image of Matrix Synapse
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along with many other Matrix-related services (Postgres database, Element, coturn,
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ma1sd, SSL support, etc.).
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For more details, see
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<a href="https://github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy">https://github.com/spantaleev/matrix-docker-ansible-deploy</a></p>
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<h4 id="debianubuntu"><a class="header" href="#debianubuntu">Debian/Ubuntu</a></h4>
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<h5 id="matrixorg-packages"><a class="header" href="#matrixorg-packages">Matrix.org packages</a></h5>
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<p>Matrix.org provides Debian/Ubuntu packages of Synapse, for the amd64
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architecture via <a href="https://packages.matrix.org/debian/">https://packages.matrix.org/debian/</a>.</p>
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<p>To install the latest release:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo apt install -y lsb-release wget apt-transport-https
|
|
sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.matrix.org/debian/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg
|
|
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.matrix.org/debian/ $(lsb_release -cs) main" |
|
|
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/matrix-org.list
|
|
sudo apt update
|
|
sudo apt install matrix-synapse-py3
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Packages are also published for release candidates. To enable the prerelease
|
|
channel, add <code>prerelease</code> to the <code>sources.list</code> line. For example:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg https://packages.matrix.org/debian/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg
|
|
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.matrix.org/debian/ $(lsb_release -cs) main prerelease" |
|
|
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/matrix-org.list
|
|
sudo apt update
|
|
sudo apt install matrix-synapse-py3
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>The fingerprint of the repository signing key (as shown by <code>gpg /usr/share/keyrings/matrix-org-archive-keyring.gpg</code>) is
|
|
<code>AAF9AE843A7584B5A3E4CD2BCF45A512DE2DA058</code>.</p>
|
|
<p>When installing with Debian packages, you might prefer to place files in
|
|
<code>/etc/matrix-synapse/conf.d/</code> to override your configuration without editing
|
|
the main configuration file at <code>/etc/matrix-synapse/homeserver.yaml</code>.
|
|
By doing that, you won't be asked if you want to replace your configuration
|
|
file when you upgrade the Debian package to a later version.</p>
|
|
<h5 id="downstream-debian-packages"><a class="header" href="#downstream-debian-packages">Downstream Debian packages</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Andrej Shadura maintains a
|
|
<a href="https://packages.debian.org/sid/matrix-synapse"><code>matrix-synapse</code></a> package in
|
|
the Debian repositories.
|
|
For <code>bookworm</code> and <code>sid</code>, it can be installed simply with:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo apt install matrix-synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Synapse is also available in <code>bullseye-backports</code>. Please
|
|
see the <a href="https://backports.debian.org/Instructions/">Debian documentation</a>
|
|
for information on how to use backports.</p>
|
|
<p><code>matrix-synapse</code> is no longer maintained for <code>buster</code> and older.</p>
|
|
<h5 id="downstream-ubuntu-packages"><a class="header" href="#downstream-ubuntu-packages">Downstream Ubuntu packages</a></h5>
|
|
<p>We do not recommend using the packages in the default Ubuntu repository
|
|
at this time, as they are <a href="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/matrix-synapse/+bug/1848709">old and suffer from known security vulnerabilities</a>.
|
|
The latest version of Synapse can be installed from <a href="#matrixorg-packages">our repository</a>.</p>
|
|
<h4 id="fedora"><a class="header" href="#fedora">Fedora</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Synapse is in the Fedora repositories as
|
|
<a href="https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/matrix-synapse"><code>matrix-synapse</code></a>:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo dnf install matrix-synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Additionally, Oleg Girko provides Fedora RPMs at
|
|
<a href="https://obs.infoserver.lv/project/monitor/matrix-synapse">https://obs.infoserver.lv/project/monitor/matrix-synapse</a></p>
|
|
<h4 id="opensuse"><a class="header" href="#opensuse">OpenSUSE</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Synapse is in the OpenSUSE repositories as
|
|
<a href="https://software.opensuse.org/package/matrix-synapse"><code>matrix-synapse</code></a>:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo zypper install matrix-synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="suse-linux-enterprise-server"><a class="header" href="#suse-linux-enterprise-server">SUSE Linux Enterprise Server</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Unofficial package are built for SLES 15 in the openSUSE:Backports:SLE-15 repository at
|
|
<a href="https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/openSUSE:/Backports:/SLE-15/standard/">https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/openSUSE:/Backports:/SLE-15/standard/</a></p>
|
|
<h4 id="archlinux"><a class="header" href="#archlinux">ArchLinux</a></h4>
|
|
<p>The quickest way to get up and running with ArchLinux is probably with the package provided by ArchLinux
|
|
<a href="https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/matrix-synapse/">https://archlinux.org/packages/extra/x86_64/matrix-synapse/</a>, which should pull in most of
|
|
the necessary dependencies.</p>
|
|
<p>pip may be outdated (6.0.7-1 and needs to be upgraded to 6.0.8-1 ):</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo pip install --upgrade pip
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>If you encounter an error with lib bcrypt causing an Wrong ELF Class:
|
|
ELFCLASS32 (x64 Systems), you may need to reinstall py-bcrypt to correctly
|
|
compile it under the right architecture. (This should not be needed if
|
|
installing under virtualenv):</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo pip uninstall py-bcrypt
|
|
sudo pip install py-bcrypt
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="alpine-linux"><a class="header" href="#alpine-linux">Alpine Linux</a></h4>
|
|
<p>6543 maintains <a href="https://pkgs.alpinelinux.org/packages?name=synapse&branch=edge">Synapse packages for Alpine Linux</a> in the community repository. Install with:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo apk add synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="void-linux"><a class="header" href="#void-linux">Void Linux</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Synapse can be found in the void repositories as
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/void-linux/void-packages/tree/master/srcpkgs/synapse">'synapse'</a>:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">xbps-install -Su
|
|
xbps-install -S synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="freebsd"><a class="header" href="#freebsd">FreeBSD</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Synapse can be installed via FreeBSD Ports or Packages contributed by Brendan Molloy from:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>Ports: <code>cd /usr/ports/net-im/py-matrix-synapse && make install clean</code></li>
|
|
<li>Packages: <code>pkg install py38-matrix-synapse</code></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h4 id="openbsd"><a class="header" href="#openbsd">OpenBSD</a></h4>
|
|
<p>As of OpenBSD 6.7 Synapse is available as a pre-compiled binary. The filesystem
|
|
underlying the homeserver directory (defaults to <code>/var/synapse</code>) has to be
|
|
mounted with <code>wxallowed</code> (cf. <code>mount(8)</code>), so creating a separate filesystem
|
|
and mounting it to <code>/var/synapse</code> should be taken into consideration.</p>
|
|
<p>Installing Synapse:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">doas pkg_add synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="nixos"><a class="header" href="#nixos">NixOS</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Robin Lambertz has packaged Synapse for NixOS at:
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/matrix/synapse.nix">https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/master/nixos/modules/services/matrix/synapse.nix</a></p>
|
|
<h3 id="installing-as-a-python-module-from-pypi"><a class="header" href="#installing-as-a-python-module-from-pypi">Installing as a Python module from PyPI</a></h3>
|
|
<p>It's also possible to install Synapse as a Python module from PyPI.</p>
|
|
<p>When following this route please make sure that the <a href="#platform-specific-prerequisites">Platform-specific prerequisites</a> are already installed.</p>
|
|
<p>System requirements:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>POSIX-compliant system (tested on Linux & OS X)</li>
|
|
<li>Python 3.8 or later, up to Python 3.11.</li>
|
|
<li>At least 1GB of free RAM if you want to join large public rooms like #matrix:matrix.org</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>If building on an uncommon architecture for which pre-built wheels are
|
|
unavailable, you will need to have a recent Rust compiler installed. The easiest
|
|
way of installing the latest version is to use <a href="https://rustup.rs/">rustup</a>.</p>
|
|
<p>To install the Synapse homeserver run:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">mkdir -p ~/synapse
|
|
virtualenv -p python3 ~/synapse/env
|
|
source ~/synapse/env/bin/activate
|
|
pip install --upgrade pip
|
|
pip install --upgrade setuptools
|
|
pip install matrix-synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>This will download Synapse from <a href="https://pypi.org/project/matrix-synapse">PyPI</a>
|
|
and install it, along with the python libraries it uses, into a virtual environment
|
|
under <code>~/synapse/env</code>. Feel free to pick a different directory if you
|
|
prefer.</p>
|
|
<p>This Synapse installation can then be later upgraded by using pip again with the
|
|
update flag:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">source ~/synapse/env/bin/activate
|
|
pip install -U matrix-synapse
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Before you can start Synapse, you will need to generate a configuration
|
|
file. To do this, run (in your virtualenv, as before):</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">cd ~/synapse
|
|
python -m synapse.app.homeserver \
|
|
--server-name my.domain.name \
|
|
--config-path homeserver.yaml \
|
|
--generate-config \
|
|
--report-stats=[yes|no]
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>... substituting an appropriate value for <code>--server-name</code> and choosing whether
|
|
or not to report usage statistics (hostname, Synapse version, uptime, total
|
|
users, etc.) to the developers via the <code>--report-stats</code> argument.</p>
|
|
<p>This command will generate you a config file that you can then customise, but it will
|
|
also generate a set of keys for you. These keys will allow your homeserver to
|
|
identify itself to other homeserver, so don't lose or delete them. It would be
|
|
wise to back them up somewhere safe. (If, for whatever reason, you do need to
|
|
change your homeserver's keys, you may find that other homeserver have the
|
|
old key cached. If you update the signing key, you should change the name of the
|
|
key in the <code><server name>.signing.key</code> file (the second word) to something
|
|
different. See the <a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest.html#retrieving-server-keys">spec</a> for more information on key management).</p>
|
|
<p>To actually run your new homeserver, pick a working directory for Synapse to
|
|
run (e.g. <code>~/synapse</code>), and:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">cd ~/synapse
|
|
source env/bin/activate
|
|
synctl start
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h4 id="platform-specific-prerequisites"><a class="header" href="#platform-specific-prerequisites">Platform-specific prerequisites</a></h4>
|
|
<p>Synapse is written in Python but some of the libraries it uses are written in
|
|
C. So before we can install Synapse itself we need a working C compiler and the
|
|
header files for Python C extensions.</p>
|
|
<h5 id="debianubunturaspbian"><a class="header" href="#debianubunturaspbian">Debian/Ubuntu/Raspbian</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Installing prerequisites on Ubuntu or Debian:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo apt install build-essential python3-dev libffi-dev \
|
|
python3-pip python3-setuptools sqlite3 \
|
|
libssl-dev virtualenv libjpeg-dev libxslt1-dev libicu-dev
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="archlinux-1"><a class="header" href="#archlinux-1">ArchLinux</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Installing prerequisites on ArchLinux:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo pacman -S base-devel python python-pip \
|
|
python-setuptools python-virtualenv sqlite3 icu
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="centosfedora"><a class="header" href="#centosfedora">CentOS/Fedora</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Installing prerequisites on CentOS or Fedora Linux:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo dnf install libtiff-devel libjpeg-devel libzip-devel freetype-devel \
|
|
libwebp-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel libpq-devel \
|
|
python3-virtualenv libffi-devel openssl-devel python3-devel \
|
|
libicu-devel
|
|
sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="macos"><a class="header" href="#macos">macOS</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Installing prerequisites on macOS:</p>
|
|
<p>You may need to install the latest Xcode developer tools:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">xcode-select --install
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Some extra dependencies may be needed. You can use Homebrew (https://brew.sh) for them.</p>
|
|
<p>You may need to install icu, and make the icu binaries and libraries accessible.
|
|
Please follow <a href="https://pypi.org/project/PyICU/">the official instructions of PyICU</a> to do so.</p>
|
|
<p>On ARM-based Macs you may also need to install libjpeg and libpq:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh"> brew install jpeg libpq
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>On macOS Catalina (10.15) you may need to explicitly install OpenSSL
|
|
via brew and inform <code>pip</code> about it so that <code>psycopg2</code> builds:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">brew install openssl@1.1
|
|
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib"
|
|
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include"
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="opensuse-1"><a class="header" href="#opensuse-1">OpenSUSE</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Installing prerequisites on openSUSE:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">sudo zypper in -t pattern devel_basis
|
|
sudo zypper in python-pip python-setuptools sqlite3 python-virtualenv \
|
|
python-devel libffi-devel libopenssl-devel libjpeg62-devel \
|
|
libicu-devel
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="openbsd-1"><a class="header" href="#openbsd-1">OpenBSD</a></h5>
|
|
<p>A port of Synapse is available under <code>net/synapse</code>. The filesystem
|
|
underlying the homeserver directory (defaults to <code>/var/synapse</code>) has to be
|
|
mounted with <code>wxallowed</code> (cf. <code>mount(8)</code>), so creating a separate filesystem
|
|
and mounting it to <code>/var/synapse</code> should be taken into consideration.</p>
|
|
<p>To be able to build Synapse's dependency on python the <code>WRKOBJDIR</code>
|
|
(cf. <code>bsd.port.mk(5)</code>) for building python, too, needs to be on a filesystem
|
|
mounted with <code>wxallowed</code> (cf. <code>mount(8)</code>).</p>
|
|
<p>Creating a <code>WRKOBJDIR</code> for building python under <code>/usr/local</code> (which on a
|
|
default OpenBSD installation is mounted with <code>wxallowed</code>):</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">doas mkdir /usr/local/pobj_wxallowed
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Assuming <code>PORTS_PRIVSEP=Yes</code> (cf. <code>bsd.port.mk(5)</code>) and <code>SUDO=doas</code> are
|
|
configured in <code>/etc/mk.conf</code>:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">doas chown _pbuild:_pbuild /usr/local/pobj_wxallowed
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Setting the <code>WRKOBJDIR</code> for building python:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">echo WRKOBJDIR_lang/python/3.7=/usr/local/pobj_wxallowed \\nWRKOBJDIR_lang/python/2.7=/usr/local/pobj_wxallowed >> /etc/mk.conf
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>Building Synapse:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">cd /usr/ports/net/synapse
|
|
make install
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h5 id="windows"><a class="header" href="#windows">Windows</a></h5>
|
|
<p>Running Synapse natively on Windows is not officially supported.</p>
|
|
<p>If you wish to run or develop Synapse on Windows, the Windows Subsystem for
|
|
Linux provides a Linux environment which is capable of using the Debian, Fedora,
|
|
or source installation methods. More information about WSL can be found at
|
|
<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install">https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install</a> for Windows 10/11 and
|
|
<a href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-on-server">https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-on-server</a> for
|
|
Windows Server.</p>
|
|
<h2 id="setting-up-synapse"><a class="header" href="#setting-up-synapse">Setting up Synapse</a></h2>
|
|
<p>Once you have installed synapse as above, you will need to configure it.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="using-postgresql"><a class="header" href="#using-postgresql">Using PostgreSQL</a></h3>
|
|
<p>By default Synapse uses an <a href="https://sqlite.org/">SQLite</a> database and in doing so trades
|
|
performance for convenience. Almost all installations should opt to use <a href="https://www.postgresql.org">PostgreSQL</a>
|
|
instead. Advantages include:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>significant performance improvements due to the superior threading and
|
|
caching model, smarter query optimiser</li>
|
|
<li>allowing the DB to be run on separate hardware</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>For information on how to install and use PostgreSQL in Synapse, please see
|
|
<a href="../postgres.html">Using Postgres</a></p>
|
|
<p>SQLite is only acceptable for testing purposes. SQLite should not be used in
|
|
a production server. Synapse will perform poorly when using
|
|
SQLite, especially when participating in large rooms.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="tls-certificates"><a class="header" href="#tls-certificates">TLS certificates</a></h3>
|
|
<p>The default configuration exposes a single HTTP port on the local
|
|
interface: <code>http://localhost:8008</code>. It is suitable for local testing,
|
|
but for any practical use, you will need Synapse's APIs to be served
|
|
over HTTPS.</p>
|
|
<p>The recommended way to do so is to set up a reverse proxy on port
|
|
<code>8448</code>. You can find documentation on doing so in
|
|
<a href="../reverse_proxy.html">the reverse proxy documentation</a>.</p>
|
|
<p>Alternatively, you can configure Synapse to expose an HTTPS port. To do
|
|
so, you will need to edit <code>homeserver.yaml</code>, as follows:</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>First, under the <code>listeners</code> option, add the configuration for the
|
|
TLS-enabled listener like so:</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-yaml">listeners:
|
|
- port: 8448
|
|
type: http
|
|
tls: true
|
|
resources:
|
|
- names: [client, federation]
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>You will also need to add the options <code>tls_certificate_path</code> and
|
|
<code>tls_private_key_path</code>. to your configuration file. You will need to manage provisioning of
|
|
these certificates yourself.</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<p>You can find more information about these options as well as how to configure synapse in the
|
|
<a href="../usage/configuration/config_documentation.html">configuration manual</a>.</p>
|
|
<p>If you are using your own certificate, be sure to use a <code>.pem</code> file that
|
|
includes the full certificate chain including any intermediate certificates
|
|
(for instance, if using certbot, use <code>fullchain.pem</code> as your certificate, not
|
|
<code>cert.pem</code>).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>For a more detailed guide to configuring your server for federation, see
|
|
<a href="../federate.html">Federation</a>.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="client-well-known-uri"><a class="header" href="#client-well-known-uri">Client Well-Known URI</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Setting up the client Well-Known URI is optional but if you set it up, it will
|
|
allow users to enter their full username (e.g. <code>@user:<server_name></code>) into clients
|
|
which support well-known lookup to automatically configure the homeserver and
|
|
identity server URLs. This is useful so that users don't have to memorize or think
|
|
about the actual homeserver URL you are using.</p>
|
|
<p>The URL <code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/matrix/client</code> should return JSON in
|
|
the following format.</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-json">{
|
|
"m.homeserver": {
|
|
"base_url": "https://<matrix.example.com>"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>It can optionally contain identity server information as well.</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-json">{
|
|
"m.homeserver": {
|
|
"base_url": "https://<matrix.example.com>"
|
|
},
|
|
"m.identity_server": {
|
|
"base_url": "https://<identity.example.com>"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>To work in browser based clients, the file must be served with the appropriate
|
|
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) headers. A recommended value would be
|
|
<code>Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *</code> which would allow all browser based clients to
|
|
view it.</p>
|
|
<p>In nginx this would be something like:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-nginx">location /.well-known/matrix/client {
|
|
return 200 '{"m.homeserver": {"base_url": "https://<matrix.example.com>"}}';
|
|
default_type application/json;
|
|
add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;
|
|
}
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>You should also ensure the <code>public_baseurl</code> option in <code>homeserver.yaml</code> is set
|
|
correctly. <code>public_baseurl</code> should be set to the URL that clients will use to
|
|
connect to your server. This is the same URL you put for the <code>m.homeserver</code>
|
|
<code>base_url</code> above.</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-yaml">public_baseurl: "https://<matrix.example.com>"
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<h3 id="email"><a class="header" href="#email">Email</a></h3>
|
|
<p>It is desirable for Synapse to have the capability to send email. This allows
|
|
Synapse to send password reset emails, send verifications when an email address
|
|
is added to a user's account, and send email notifications to users when they
|
|
receive new messages.</p>
|
|
<p>To configure an SMTP server for Synapse, modify the configuration section
|
|
headed <code>email</code>, and be sure to have at least the <code>smtp_host</code>, <code>smtp_port</code>
|
|
and <code>notif_from</code> fields filled out. You may also need to set <code>smtp_user</code>,
|
|
<code>smtp_pass</code>, and <code>require_transport_security</code>.</p>
|
|
<p>If email is not configured, password reset, registration and notifications via
|
|
email will be disabled.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="registering-a-user"><a class="header" href="#registering-a-user">Registering a user</a></h3>
|
|
<p>One way to create a new user is to do so from a client like
|
|
<a href="https://element.io/">Element</a>. This requires registration to be enabled via
|
|
the
|
|
<a href="../usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#enable_registration"><code>enable_registration</code></a>
|
|
setting.</p>
|
|
<p>Alternatively, you can create new users from the command line. This can be done as follows:</p>
|
|
<ol>
|
|
<li>If synapse was installed via pip, activate the virtualenv as follows (if Synapse was
|
|
installed via a prebuilt package, <code>register_new_matrix_user</code> should already be
|
|
on the search path):
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">cd ~/synapse
|
|
source env/bin/activate
|
|
synctl start # if not already running
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>Run the following command:
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">register_new_matrix_user -c homeserver.yaml
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ol>
|
|
<p>This will prompt you to add details for the new user, and will then connect to
|
|
the running Synapse to create the new user. For example:</p>
|
|
<pre><code>New user localpart: erikj
|
|
Password:
|
|
Confirm password:
|
|
Make admin [no]:
|
|
Success!
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>This process uses a setting
|
|
<a href="../usage/configuration/config_documentation.html#registration_shared_secret"><code>registration_shared_secret</code></a>,
|
|
which is shared between Synapse itself and the <code>register_new_matrix_user</code>
|
|
script. It doesn't matter what it is (a random value is generated by
|
|
<code>--generate-config</code>), but it should be kept secret, as anyone with knowledge of
|
|
it can register users, including admin accounts, on your server even if
|
|
<code>enable_registration</code> is <code>false</code>.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="setting-up-a-turn-server"><a class="header" href="#setting-up-a-turn-server">Setting up a TURN server</a></h3>
|
|
<p>For reliable VoIP calls to be routed via this homeserver, you MUST configure
|
|
a TURN server. See <a href="../turn-howto.html">TURN setup</a> for details.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="url-previews"><a class="header" href="#url-previews">URL previews</a></h3>
|
|
<p>Synapse includes support for previewing URLs, which is disabled by default. To
|
|
turn it on you must enable the <code>url_preview_enabled: True</code> config parameter
|
|
and explicitly specify the IP ranges that Synapse is not allowed to spider for
|
|
previewing in the <code>url_preview_ip_range_blacklist</code> configuration parameter.
|
|
This is critical from a security perspective to stop arbitrary Matrix users
|
|
spidering 'internal' URLs on your network. At the very least we recommend that
|
|
your loopback and RFC1918 IP addresses are blacklisted.</p>
|
|
<p>This also requires the optional <code>lxml</code> python dependency to be installed. This
|
|
in turn requires the <code>libxml2</code> library to be available - on Debian/Ubuntu this
|
|
means <code>apt-get install libxml2-dev</code>, or equivalent for your OS.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="troubleshooting-installation"><a class="header" href="#troubleshooting-installation">Troubleshooting Installation</a></h3>
|
|
<p><code>pip</code> seems to leak <em>lots</em> of memory during installation. For instance, a Linux
|
|
host with 512MB of RAM may run out of memory whilst installing Twisted. If this
|
|
happens, you will have to individually install the dependencies which are
|
|
failing, e.g.:</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="language-sh">pip install twisted
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
<p>If you have any other problems, feel free to ask in
|
|
<a href="https://matrix.to/#/#synapse:matrix.org">#synapse:matrix.org</a>.</p>
|
|
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