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<title>Configuring a Forward/Outbound Proxy - Synapse</title>
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Introduction</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../welcome_and_overview.html">Welcome and Overview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Setup</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/installation.html">Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../postgres.html">Using Postgres</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../reverse_proxy.html">Configuring a Reverse Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/forward_proxy.html" class="active">Configuring a Forward/Outbound Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../turn-howto.html">Configuring a Turn Server</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/turn/coturn.html">coturn TURN server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../setup/turn/eturnal.html">eturnal TURN server</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../delegate.html">Delegation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Upgrading</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../upgrade.html">Upgrading between Synapse Versions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Usage</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../federate.html">Federation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/config_documentation.html">Configuration Manual</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/homeserver_sample_config.html">Homeserver Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="../usage/configuration/logging_sample_config.html">Logging Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a 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<h1 id="using-a-forward-proxy-with-synapse"><a class="header" href="#using-a-forward-proxy-with-synapse">Using a forward proxy with Synapse</a></h1>
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<p>You can use Synapse with a forward or outbound proxy. An example of when
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this is necessary is in corporate environments behind a DMZ (demilitarized zone).
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Synapse supports routing outbound HTTP(S) requests via a proxy. Only HTTP(S)
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proxy is supported, not SOCKS proxy or anything else.</p>
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<h2 id="configure"><a class="header" href="#configure">Configure</a></h2>
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<p>The <code>http_proxy</code>, <code>https_proxy</code>, <code>no_proxy</code> environment variables are used to
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specify proxy settings. The environment variable is not case sensitive.</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>http_proxy</code>: Proxy server to use for HTTP requests.</li>
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<li><code>https_proxy</code>: Proxy server to use for HTTPS requests.</li>
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<li><code>no_proxy</code>: Comma-separated list of hosts, IP addresses, or IP ranges in CIDR
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format which should not use the proxy. Synapse will directly connect to these hosts.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The <code>http_proxy</code> and <code>https_proxy</code> environment variables have the form: <code>[scheme://][<username>:<password>@]<host>[:<port>]</code></p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>Supported schemes are <code>http://</code> and <code>https://</code>. The default scheme is <code>http://</code>
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for compatibility reasons; it is recommended to set a scheme. If scheme is set
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to <code>https://</code> the connection uses TLS between Synapse and the proxy.</p>
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<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: Synapse validates the certificates. If the certificate is not
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valid, then the connection is dropped.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>Default port if not given is <code>1080</code>.</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>Username and password are optional and will be used to authenticate against
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the proxy.</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Examples</strong></p>
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<ul>
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<li>HTTP_PROXY=http://USERNAME:PASSWORD@10.0.1.1:8080/</li>
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<li>HTTPS_PROXY=http://USERNAME:PASSWORD@proxy.example.com:8080/</li>
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<li>NO_PROXY=master.hostname.example.com,10.1.0.0/16,172.30.0.0/16</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>NOTE</strong>:
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Synapse does not apply the IP blacklist to connections through the proxy (since
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the DNS resolution is done by the proxy). It is expected that the proxy or firewall
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will apply blacklisting of IP addresses.</p>
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<h2 id="connection-types"><a class="header" href="#connection-types">Connection types</a></h2>
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<p>The proxy will be <strong>used</strong> for:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>push</li>
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<li>url previews</li>
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<li>phone-home stats</li>
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<li>recaptcha validation</li>
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<li>CAS auth validation</li>
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<li>OpenID Connect</li>
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<li>Outbound federation</li>
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<li>Federation (checking public key revocation)</li>
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<li>Fetching public keys of other servers</li>
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<li>Downloading remote media</li>
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</ul>
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<p>It will <strong>not be used</strong> for:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Application Services</li>
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<li>Identity servers</li>
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<li>In worker configurations
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<ul>
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<li>connections between workers</li>
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<li>connections from workers to Redis</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="troubleshooting"><a class="header" href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></h2>
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<p>If a proxy server is used with TLS (HTTPS) and no connections are established,
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it is most likely due to the proxy's certificates. To test this, the validation
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in Synapse can be deactivated.</p>
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<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: This has an impact on security and is for testing purposes only!</p>
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<p>To deactivate the certificate validation, the following setting must be added to
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your <a href="../usage/configuration/homeserver_sample_config.html">homserver.yaml</a>.</p>
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<pre><code class="language-yaml">use_insecure_ssl_client_just_for_testing_do_not_use: true
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