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MISP is not only a software but also a series of data models created by the MISP community. MISP includes a simple and practical information sharing format expressed in JSON that can be used with MISP software or by any other software. The MISP formats are now standards handled by the MISP standard body.

MISP Core Format

The MISP core format is a simple JSON format used by MISP and other tools to exchange events and attributes. The JSON schema 2.4 is described on the MISP core software and many sample files are available in the OSINT feed.

The MISP format is described as Internet-Draft in misp-rfc. The MISP format are described to support the developer or organisation willing to build your own tool supporting the MISP format (as import or export). The standard is built from practical use-cases and the implementation references within the MISP project. The standard is quickly evolving following the MISP implementation.

MISP default attributes and categories

Attribute Categories vs. Types

Category Internal reference Targeting data Antivirus detection Payload delivery Artifacts dropped Payload installation
md5 X X X
sha1 X X X
sha256 X X X
filename X X X
pdb X
filename|md5 X X X
filename|sha1 X X X
filename|sha256 X X X
ip-src X
ip-dst X
hostname X
domain X
domain|ip
email-src X
email-dst X
email-subject X
email-attachment X
email-body X
float
url X
http-method
user-agent X
ja3-fingerprint-md5 X
hassh-md5 X
hasshserver-md5 X
regkey X
regkey|value X
AS X
snort
bro
zeek
community-id
pattern-in-file X X X
pattern-in-traffic X X
pattern-in-memory X X
yara X X X
stix2-pattern X X X
sigma X X X
gene X
mime-type X X X
identity-card-number
cookie X
vulnerability X X
attachment X X X X
malware-sample X X X
link X X X
comment X X X X X X
text X X X X X
hex X X X X X
other X X X X X
named pipe X
mutex X
target-user X
target-email X
target-machine X
target-org X
target-location X
target-external X
btc
xmr
iban
bic
bank-account-nr
aba-rtn
bin
cc-number
prtn
phone-number
threat-actor
campaign-name
campaign-id
malware-type X X
uri
authentihash X X X
ssdeep X X X
imphash X X X
pehash X X
impfuzzy X X X
sha224 X X X
sha384 X X X
sha512 X X X
sha512/224 X X X
sha512/256 X X X
tlsh X X
cdhash X X X
filename|authentihash X X X
filename|ssdeep X X X
filename|imphash X X X
filename|impfuzzy X X X
filename|pehash X X X
filename|sha224 X X X
filename|sha384 X X X
filename|sha512 X X X
filename|sha512/224 X X X
filename|sha512/256 X X X
filename|tlsh X X X
windows-scheduled-task X
windows-service-name X
windows-service-displayname X
whois-registrant-email X
whois-registrant-phone
whois-registrant-name
whois-registrant-org
whois-registrar
whois-creation-date
x509-fingerprint-sha1 X X X
x509-fingerprint-md5 X X X
x509-fingerprint-sha256 X X X
dns-soa-email
size-in-bytes
counter
datetime
cpe
port
ip-dst|port X
ip-src|port X
hostname|port X
mac-address X
mac-eui-64 X
email-dst-display-name X
email-src-display-name X
email-header X
email-reply-to X
email-x-mailer X
email-mime-boundary X
email-thread-index X
email-message-id X
github-username
github-repository
github-organisation
jabber-id
twitter-id
first-name
middle-name
last-name
date-of-birth
place-of-birth
gender
passport-number
passport-country
passport-expiration
redress-number
nationality
visa-number
issue-date-of-the-visa
primary-residence
country-of-residence
special-service-request
frequent-flyer-number
travel-details
payment-details
place-port-of-original-embarkation
place-port-of-clearance
place-port-of-onward-foreign-destination
passenger-name-record-locator-number
mobile-application-id X X
cortex
boolean
anonymised X X X X X X
Category Persistence mechanism Network activity Payload type Attribution External analysis Financial fraud
md5 X
sha1 X
sha256 X
filename X X
pdb
filename|md5 X
filename|sha1 X
filename|sha256 X
ip-src X X
ip-dst X X
hostname X X
domain X X
domain|ip X X
email-src
email-dst X
email-subject
email-attachment
email-body
float
url X X
http-method X
user-agent X X
ja3-fingerprint-md5 X X
hassh-md5 X X
hasshserver-md5 X X
regkey X X
regkey|value X X
AS X X
snort X X
bro X X
zeek X X
community-id X X
pattern-in-file X X
pattern-in-traffic X X
pattern-in-memory X
yara
stix2-pattern X
sigma
gene
mime-type
identity-card-number
cookie X
vulnerability X
attachment X X
malware-sample X
link X
comment X X X X X X
text X X X X X X
hex X X X
other X X X X X X
named pipe
mutex
target-user
target-email
target-machine
target-org
target-location
target-external
btc X
xmr X
iban X
bic X
bank-account-nr X
aba-rtn X
bin X
cc-number X
prtn X
phone-number X
threat-actor X
campaign-name X
campaign-id X
malware-type
uri X
authentihash
ssdeep
imphash
pehash
impfuzzy
sha224
sha384
sha512
sha512/224
sha512/256
tlsh
cdhash
filename|authentihash
filename|ssdeep
filename|imphash
filename|impfuzzy
filename|pehash
filename|sha224
filename|sha384
filename|sha512
filename|sha512/224
filename|sha512/256
filename|tlsh
windows-scheduled-task
windows-service-name
windows-service-displayname
whois-registrant-email X
whois-registrant-phone X
whois-registrant-name X
whois-registrant-org X
whois-registrar X
whois-creation-date X
x509-fingerprint-sha1 X X X
x509-fingerprint-md5 X X X
x509-fingerprint-sha256 X X X
dns-soa-email X
size-in-bytes
counter
datetime
cpe
port X
ip-dst|port X X
ip-src|port X X
hostname|port X
mac-address X X
mac-eui-64 X X
email-dst-display-name
email-src-display-name
email-header
email-reply-to
email-x-mailer
email-mime-boundary
email-thread-index
email-message-id
github-username
github-repository X
github-organisation
jabber-id
twitter-id
first-name
middle-name
last-name
date-of-birth
place-of-birth
gender
passport-number
passport-country
passport-expiration
redress-number
nationality
visa-number
issue-date-of-the-visa
primary-residence
country-of-residence
special-service-request
frequent-flyer-number
travel-details
payment-details
place-port-of-original-embarkation
place-port-of-clearance
place-port-of-onward-foreign-destination
passenger-name-record-locator-number
mobile-application-id
cortex X
boolean
anonymised X X X X X X
Category Support Tool Social network Person Other
md5
sha1
sha256
filename
pdb
filename|md5
filename|sha1
filename|sha256
ip-src
ip-dst
hostname
domain
domain|ip
email-src X
email-dst X
email-subject
email-attachment
email-body
float X
url
http-method
user-agent
ja3-fingerprint-md5
hassh-md5
hasshserver-md5
regkey
regkey|value
AS
snort
bro
zeek
community-id
pattern-in-file
pattern-in-traffic
pattern-in-memory
yara
stix2-pattern
sigma
gene
mime-type
identity-card-number X
cookie
vulnerability
attachment X
malware-sample
link X
comment X X X X
text X X X X
hex X X
other X X X X
named pipe
mutex
target-user
target-email
target-machine
target-org
target-location
target-external
btc
xmr
iban
bic
bank-account-nr
aba-rtn
bin
cc-number
prtn
phone-number X X
threat-actor
campaign-name
campaign-id
malware-type
uri
authentihash
ssdeep
imphash
pehash
impfuzzy
sha224
sha384
sha512
sha512/224
sha512/256
tlsh
cdhash
filename|authentihash
filename|ssdeep
filename|imphash
filename|impfuzzy
filename|pehash
filename|sha224
filename|sha384
filename|sha512
filename|sha512/224
filename|sha512/256
filename|tlsh
windows-scheduled-task
windows-service-name
windows-service-displayname
whois-registrant-email X
whois-registrant-phone
whois-registrant-name
whois-registrant-org
whois-registrar
whois-creation-date
x509-fingerprint-sha1
x509-fingerprint-md5
x509-fingerprint-sha256
dns-soa-email
size-in-bytes X
counter X
datetime X
cpe X
port X
ip-dst|port
ip-src|port
hostname|port
mac-address
mac-eui-64
email-dst-display-name
email-src-display-name
email-header
email-reply-to
email-x-mailer
email-mime-boundary
email-thread-index
email-message-id
github-username X
github-repository X
github-organisation X
jabber-id X
twitter-id X
first-name X
middle-name X
last-name X
date-of-birth X
place-of-birth X
gender X
passport-number X
passport-country X
passport-expiration X
redress-number X
nationality X
visa-number X
issue-date-of-the-visa X
primary-residence X
country-of-residence X
special-service-request X
frequent-flyer-number X
travel-details X
payment-details X
place-port-of-original-embarkation X
place-port-of-clearance X
place-port-of-onward-foreign-destination X
passenger-name-record-locator-number X
mobile-application-id
cortex
boolean X
anonymised X X X X

Categories

  • Internal reference: Reference used by the publishing party (e.g. ticket number)
  • Targeting data: Targeting information to include recipient email, infected machines, department, and or locations.
  • Antivirus detection: List of anti-virus vendors detecting the malware or information on detection performance (e.g. 13/43 or 67%). Attachment with list of detection or link to VirusTotal could be placed here as well.
  • Payload delivery: Information about the way the malware payload is initially delivered, for example information about the email or web-site, vulnerability used, originating IP etc. Malware sample itself should be attached here.
  • Artifacts dropped: Any artifact (files, registry keys etc.) dropped by the malware or other modifications to the system
  • Payload installation: Location where the payload was placed in the system and the way it was installed. For example, a filename|md5 type attribute can be added here like this: c:\windows\system32\malicious.exe|41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.
  • Persistence mechanism: Mechanisms used by the malware to start at boot. This could be a registry key, legitimate driver modification, LNK file in startup
  • Network activity: Information about network traffic generated by the malware
  • Payload type: Information about the final payload(s). Can contain a function of the payload, e.g. keylogger, RAT, or a name if identified, such as Poison Ivy.
  • Attribution: Identification of the group, organisation, or country behind the attack
  • External analysis: Any other result from additional analysis of the malware like tools output Examples: pdf-parser output, automated sandbox analysis, reverse engineering report.
  • Financial fraud: Financial Fraud indicators, for example: IBAN Numbers, BIC codes, Credit card numbers, etc.
  • Support Tool: Tools supporting analysis or detection of the event
  • Social network: Social networks and platforms
  • Person: A human being - natural person
  • Other: Attributes that are not part of any other category or are meant to be used as a component in MISP objects in the future

Types

  • md5: You are encouraged to use filename|md5 instead. A checksum in md5 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha1: You are encouraged to use filename|sha1 instead. A checksum in sha1 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha256: You are encouraged to use filename|sha256 instead. A checksum in sha256 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • filename: Filename
  • pdb: Microsoft Program database (PDB) path information
  • filename|md5: A filename and an md5 hash separated by a | (no spaces)
  • filename|sha1: A filename and an sha1 hash separated by a | (no spaces)
  • filename|sha256: A filename and an sha256 hash separated by a | (no spaces)
  • ip-src: A source IP address of the attacker
  • ip-dst: A destination IP address of the attacker or C&C server. Also set the IDS flag on when this IP is hardcoded in malware
  • hostname: A full host/dnsname of an attacker. Also set the IDS flag on when this hostname is hardcoded in malware
  • domain: A domain name used in the malware. Use this instead of hostname when the upper domain is important or can be used to create links between events.
  • domain|ip: A domain name and its IP address (as found in DNS lookup) separated by a | (no spaces)
  • email-src: The email address used to send the malware.
  • email-dst: A recipient email address that is not related to your constituency.
  • email-subject: The subject of the email
  • email-attachment: File name of the email attachment.
  • email-body: Email body
  • float: A floating point value.
  • url: url
  • http-method: HTTP method used by the malware (e.g. POST, GET, ...).
  • user-agent: The user-agent used by the malware in the HTTP request.
  • ja3-fingerprint-md5: JA3 is a method for creating SSL/TLS client fingerprints that should be easy to produce on any platform and can be easily shared for threat intelligence.
  • hassh-md5: hassh is a network fingerprinting standard which can be used to identify specific Client SSH implementations. The fingerprints can be easily stored, searched and shared in the form of an MD5 fingerprint.
  • hasshserver-md5: hasshServer is a network fingerprinting standard which can be used to identify specific Server SSH implementations. The fingerprints can be easily stored, searched and shared in the form of an MD5 fingerprint.
  • regkey: Registry key or value
  • regkey|value: Registry value + data separated by |
  • AS: Autonomous system
  • snort: An IDS rule in Snort rule-format. This rule will be automatically rewritten in the NIDS exports.
  • bro: An NIDS rule in the Bro rule-format.
  • zeek: An NIDS rule in the Zeek rule-format.
  • community-id: a community ID flow hashing algorithm to map multiple traffic monitors into common flow id
  • pattern-in-file: Pattern in file that identifies the malware
  • pattern-in-traffic: Pattern in network traffic that identifies the malware
  • pattern-in-memory: Pattern in memory dump that identifies the malware
  • yara: Yara signature
  • stix2-pattern: STIX 2 pattern
  • sigma: Sigma - Generic Signature Format for SIEM Systems
  • gene: GENE - Go Evtx sigNature Engine
  • mime-type: A media type (also MIME type and content type) is a two-part identifier for file formats and format contents transmitted on the Internet
  • identity-card-number: Identity card number
  • cookie: HTTP cookie as often stored on the user web client. This can include authentication cookie or session cookie.
  • vulnerability: A reference to the vulnerability used in the exploit
  • attachment: Please upload files using the Upload Attachment button.
  • malware-sample: Please upload files using the Upload Attachment button.
  • link: Link to an external information
  • comment: Comment or description in a human language. This will not be correlated with other attributes
  • text: Name, ID or a reference
  • hex: A value in hexadecimal format
  • other: Other attribute
  • named pipe: Named pipe, use the format .\pipe<PipeName>
  • mutex: Mutex, use the format \BaseNamedObjects<Mutex>
  • target-user: Attack Targets Username(s)
  • target-email: Attack Targets Email(s)
  • target-machine: Attack Targets Machine Name(s)
  • target-org: Attack Targets Department or Organization(s)
  • target-location: Attack Targets Physical Location(s)
  • target-external: External Target Organizations Affected by this Attack
  • btc: Bitcoin Address
  • xmr: Monero Address
  • iban: International Bank Account Number
  • bic: Bank Identifier Code Number also known as SWIFT-BIC, SWIFT code or ISO 9362 code
  • bank-account-nr: Bank account number without any routing number
  • aba-rtn: ABA routing transit number
  • bin: Bank Identification Number
  • cc-number: Credit-Card Number
  • prtn: Premium-Rate Telephone Number
  • phone-number: Telephone Number
  • threat-actor: A string identifying the threat actor
  • campaign-name: Associated campaign name
  • campaign-id: Associated campaign ID
  • malware-type:
  • uri: Uniform Resource Identifier
  • authentihash: You are encouraged to use filename|authentihash instead. Authenticode executable signature hash, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • ssdeep: You are encouraged to use filename|ssdeep instead. A checksum in the SSDeep format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • imphash: You are encouraged to use filename|imphash instead. A hash created based on the imports in the sample, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • pehash: PEhash - a hash calculated based of certain pieces of a PE executable file
  • impfuzzy: You are encouraged to use filename|impfuzzy instead. A fuzzy hash created based on the imports in the sample, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha224: You are encouraged to use filename|sha224 instead. A checksum in sha224 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha384: You are encouraged to use filename|sha384 instead. A checksum in sha384 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha512: You are encouraged to use filename|sha512 instead. A checksum in sha512 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha512/224: You are encouraged to use filename|sha512/224 instead. A checksum in sha512/224 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • sha512/256: You are encouraged to use filename|sha512/256 instead. A checksum in sha512/256 format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • tlsh: You are encouraged to use filename|tlsh instead. A checksum in the Trend Micro Locality Sensitive Hash format, only use this if you don't know the correct filename
  • cdhash: An Apple Code Directory Hash, identifying a code-signed Mach-O executable file
  • filename|authentihash: A checksum in md5 format
  • filename|ssdeep: A checksum in ssdeep format
  • filename|imphash: Import hash - a hash created based on the imports in the sample.
  • filename|impfuzzy: Import fuzzy hash - a fuzzy hash created based on the imports in the sample.
  • filename|pehash: A filename and a PEhash separated by a |
  • filename|sha224: A filename and a sha-224 hash separated by a |
  • filename|sha384: A filename and a sha-384 hash separated by a |
  • filename|sha512: A filename and a sha-512 hash separated by a |
  • filename|sha512/224: A filename and a sha-512/224 hash separated by a |
  • filename|sha512/256: A filename and a sha-512/256 hash separated by a |
  • filename|tlsh: A filename and a Trend Micro Locality Sensitive Hash separated by a |
  • windows-scheduled-task: A scheduled task in windows
  • windows-service-name: A windows service name. This is the name used internally by windows. Not to be confused with the windows-service-displayname.
  • windows-service-displayname: A windows service's displayname, not to be confused with the windows-service-name. This is the name that applications will generally display as the service's name in applications.
  • whois-registrant-email: The e-mail of a domain's registrant, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • whois-registrant-phone: The phone number of a domain's registrant, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • whois-registrant-name: The name of a domain's registrant, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • whois-registrant-org: The org of a domain's registrant, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • whois-registrar: The registrar of the domain, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • whois-creation-date: The date of domain's creation, obtained from the WHOIS information.
  • x509-fingerprint-sha1: X509 fingerprint in SHA-1 format
  • x509-fingerprint-md5: X509 fingerprint in MD5 format
  • x509-fingerprint-sha256: X509 fingerprint in SHA-256 format
  • dns-soa-email: RFC1035 mandates that DNS zones should have a SOA (Statement Of Authority) record that contains an email address where a PoC for the domain could be contacted. This can sometimes be used for attribution/linkage between different domains even if protected by whois privacy
  • size-in-bytes: Size expressed in bytes
  • counter: An integer counter, generally to be used in objects
  • datetime: Datetime in the ISO 8601 format
  • cpe: Common platform enumeration
  • port: Port number
  • ip-dst|port: IP destination and port number seperated by a |
  • ip-src|port: IP source and port number seperated by a |
  • hostname|port: Hostname and port number seperated by a |
  • mac-address: Mac address
  • mac-eui-64: Mac EUI-64 address
  • email-dst-display-name: Email destination display name
  • email-src-display-name: Email source display name
  • email-header: Email header
  • email-reply-to: Email reply to header
  • email-x-mailer: Email x-mailer header
  • email-mime-boundary: The email mime boundary separating parts in a multipart email
  • email-thread-index: The email thread index header
  • email-message-id: The email message ID
  • github-username: A github user name
  • github-repository: A github repository
  • github-organisation: A github organisation
  • jabber-id: Jabber ID
  • twitter-id: Twitter ID
  • first-name: First name of a natural person
  • middle-name: Middle name of a natural person
  • last-name: Last name of a natural person
  • date-of-birth: Date of birth of a natural person (in YYYY-MM-DD format)
  • place-of-birth: Place of birth of a natural person
  • gender: The gender of a natural person (Male, Female, Other, Prefer not to say)
  • passport-number: The passport number of a natural person
  • passport-country: The country in which the passport was issued
  • passport-expiration: The expiration date of a passport
  • redress-number: The Redress Control Number is the record identifier for people who apply for redress through the DHS Travel Redress Inquiry Program (DHS TRIP). DHS TRIP is for travelers who have been repeatedly identified for additional screening and who want to file an inquiry to have erroneous information corrected in DHS systems
  • nationality: The nationality of a natural person
  • visa-number: Visa number
  • issue-date-of-the-visa: The date on which the visa was issued
  • primary-residence: The primary residence of a natural person
  • country-of-residence: The country of residence of a natural person
  • special-service-request: A Special Service Request is a function to an airline to provide a particular facility for A Passenger or passengers.
  • frequent-flyer-number: The frequent flyer number of a passenger
  • travel-details: Travel details
  • payment-details: Payment details
  • place-port-of-original-embarkation: The orignal port of embarkation
  • place-port-of-clearance: The port of clearance
  • place-port-of-onward-foreign-destination: A Port where the passenger is transiting to
  • passenger-name-record-locator-number: The Passenger Name Record Locator is a key under which the reservation for a trip is stored in the system. The PNR contains, among other data, the name, flight segments and address of the passenger. It is defined by a combination of five or six letters and numbers.
  • mobile-application-id: The application id of a mobile application
  • cortex: Cortex analysis result
  • boolean: Boolean value - to be used in objects
  • anonymised: Anonymised value - described with the anonymisation object via a relationship.

MISP objects

MISP objects are in addition to MISP attributes to allow advanced combinations of attributes. The creation of these objects and their associated attributes are based on real cyber security use-cases and existing practices in information sharing. MISP objects are standardised under a simple templating format and are automatically available in MISP. A series of relationships are also defined along with the objects which can be used to create relationships between objects.

The objects available can be browsed via the web site or downloaded as PDF or directly via the MISP software.

MISP Taxonomies

Along with the core format, MISP taxonomies provide a set of already defined classifications modeling estimative language, CSIRTs/CERTs classifications, national classifications or threat model classification. The fixed taxonomies provide a practical method to tag efficiently events and attributes within a set of MISP instances where taxonomies can be easily cherry-picked or extended to meet the local requirements of an organization or a specific sharing community. When using MISP, the MISP taxonomies are available and can be freely used based on the community practises.

The taxonomies can be browsed via the web site or downloaded as PDF or via the MISP software.

CERT-XLM:
CERT-XLM Security Incident Classification.HTML
DML:
The Detection Maturity Level (DML) model is a capability maturity model for referencing ones maturity in detecting cyber attacks. It's designed for organizations who perform intel-driven detection and response and who put an emphasis on having a mature detection program.HTML
PAP:
The Permissible Actions Protocol - or short: PAP - was designed to indicate how the received information can be used.HTML
access-method:
The access method used to remotely access a system.HTML
accessnow:
Access Now classification to classify an issue (such as security, human rights, youth rights).HTML
action-taken:
Action taken in the case of a security incident (CSIRT perspective).HTML
admiralty-scale:
The Admiralty Scale (also called the NATO System) is used to rank the reliability of a source and the credibility of an information.HTML
adversary:
An overview and description of the adversary infrastructure.HTML
ais-marking:
AIS Marking Schema implementation is maintained by the National Cybersecurity and Communication Integration Center (NCCIC) of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)HTML
analyst-assessment:
A series of assessment predicates describing the analyst capabilities to perform analysis. These assessment can be assigned by the analyst him/herself or by another party evaluating the analyst.HTML
approved-category-of-action:
A pre-approved category of action for indicators being shared with partners (MIMIC).HTML
binary-class:
Custom taxonomy for types of binary file.HTML
cccs:
Internal taxonomy for CCCS.HTML
circl:
CIRCL Taxonomy is a simple scheme for incident classification and area topic where the incident took place.HTML
collaborative-intelligence:
Collaborative intelligence support language is a common language to support analysts to perform their analysis to get crowdsourced support when using threat intelligence sharing platform like MISP.HTML
common-taxonomy:
The Common Taxonomy for Law Enforcement and The National Network of CSIRTs bridges the gap between the CSIRTs and international Law Enforcement communities by adding a legislative framework to facilitate the harmonisation of incident reporting to competent authorities, the development of useful statistics and sharing information within the entire cybercrime ecosystem.HTML
copine-scale:
The COPINE Scale is a rating system created in Ireland and used in the United Kingdom to categorise the severity of images of child sex abuse.HTML
cryptocurrency-threat:
Threats targetting cryptocurrency, based on CipherTrace report.HTML
csirt-americas:
Taxonomy from CSIRTAmericas.org.HTML
csirt_case_classification:
FIRST CSIRT Case Classification.HTML
cssa:
The CSSA agreed sharing taxonomy.HTML
cyber-threat-framework:
Cyber Threat Framework was developed by the US Government to enable consistent characterization and categorization of cyber threat events, and to identify trends or changes in the activities of cyber adversaries. https://www.dni.gov/index.php/cyber-threat-frameworkHTML
dark-web:
Criminal motivation on the dark web: A categorisation model for law enforcement. ref: Janis Dalins, Campbell Wilson, Mark Carman. Taxonomy updated by MISP Project.HTML
data-classification:
Data classification for data potentially at risk of exfiltration based on table 2.1 of Solving Cyber Risk book.HTML
dcso-sharing:
DCSO Sharing Taxonomy to classify certain types of MISP events using the DCSO Event GuideHTML
ddos:
Distributed Denial of Service - or short: DDoS - taxonomy supports the description of Denial of Service attacks and especially the types they belong too.HTML
de-vs:
Taxonomy for the handling of protectively marked information in MISP with German (DE) Government classification markings (VS)HTML
dhs-ciip-sectors:
DHS critical sectors as described in https://www.dhs.gov/critical-infrastructure-sectors.HTML
diamond-model:
The Diamond Model for Intrusion Analysis, a phase-based model developed by Lockheed Martin, aims to help categorise and identify the stage of an attack.HTML
dni-ism:
ISM (Information Security Marking Metadata) V13 as described by DNI.gov (Director of National Intelligence - US).HTML
domain-abuse:
Taxonomy to tag domain names used for cybercrime.HTML
drugs:
A taxonomy based on the superclass and class of drugs, based on https://www.drugbank.ca/releases/latestHTML
economical-impact:
Economical impact is a taxonomy to describe the financial impact as positive or negative gain to the tagged information.HTML
ecsirt:
eCSIRT incident classification Appendix C of the eCSIRT EU project including IntelMQ updates.HTML
enisa:
ENISA Threat Taxonomy - A tool for structuring threat information as published in https://www.enisa.europa.eu/topics/threat-risk-management/threats-and-trends/enisa-threat-landscape/etl2015/enisa-threat-taxonomy-a-tool-for-structuring-threat-informationHTML
estimative-language:
Estimative language - including likelihood or probability of event based on the Intelligence Community Directive 203 (ICD 203) (6.2.(a)) and JP 2-0, Joint Intelligence.HTML
eu-marketop-and-publicadmin:
Market operators and public administrations that must comply to some notifications requirements under EU NIS directive.HTML
eu-nis-sector-and-subsectors:
Sectors and sub sectors as identified by the NIS Directive.HTML
euci:
EU classified information (EUCI) means any information or material designated by a EU security classification, the unauthorised disclosure of which could cause varying degrees of prejudice to the interests of the European Union or of one or more of the Member States as described in COUNCIL DECISION of 23 September 2013 on the security rules for protecting EU classified informationHTML
europol-event:
EUROPOL type of events taxonomy.HTML
europol-incident:
EUROPOL class of incident taxonomy.HTML
event-assessment:
A series of assessment predicates describing the event assessment performed to make judgement(s) under a certain level of uncertainty.HTML
event-classification:
Event Classification.HTML
exercise:
Exercise is a taxonomy to describe if the information is part of one or more cyber or crisis exercise.HTML
false-positive:
This taxonomy aims to ballpark the expected amount of false positives.HTML
file-type:
List of known file types.HTML
flesch-reading-ease:
Flesch Reading Ease is a revised system for determining the comprehension difficulty of written material. The scoring of the flesh score can have a maximum of 121.22 and there is no limit on how low a score can be (negative score are valid).HTML
fpf:
The Future of Privacy Forum (FPF) visual guide to practical de-identification taxonomy is used to evaluate the degree of identifiability of personal data and the types of pseudonymous data, de-identified data and anonymous data. The work of FPF is licensed under a creative commons attribution 4.0 international license.HTML
fr-classif:
French gov information classification system.HTML
gdpr:
Taxonomy related to the REGULATION (EU) 2016/679 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation)HTML
gsma-attack-category:
Taxonomy used by GSMA for their information sharing program with telco describing the attack categoriesHTML
gsma-fraud:
Taxonomy used by GSMA for their information sharing program with telco describing the various aspects of fraudHTML
gsma-network-technology:
Taxonomy used by GSMA for their information sharing program with telco describing the types of infrastructure. WiPHTML
honeypot-basic:
Christian Seifert, Ian Welch, Peter Komisarczuk, ‘Taxonomy of Honeypots’, Technical Report CS-TR-06/12, VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF WELLINGTON, School of Mathematical and Computing Sciences, June 2006, http://www.mcs.vuw.ac.nz/comp/Publications/archive/CS-TR-06/CS-TR-06-12.pdfHTML
iep:
Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST) Information Exchange Policy (IEP) framework.HTML
ifx-vetting:
The IFX taxonomy is used to categorise information (MISP events and attributes) to aid in the intelligence vetting processHTML
incident-disposition:
How an incident is classified in its process to be resolved. The taxonomy is inspired from NASA Incident Response and Management Handbook.HTML
infoleak:
A taxonomy describing information leaks and especially information classified as being potentially leaked.HTML
information-security-data-source:
Taxonomy to classify the information security data sourcesHTML
information-security-indicators:
Information security indicators have been standardized by the ETSI Industrial Specification Group (ISG) ISI. These indicators provide the basis to switch from a qualitative to a quantitative culture in IT Security Scope of measurements: External and internal threats (attempt and success), user's deviant behaviours, nonconformities and/or vulnerabilities (software, configuration, behavioural, general security framework). ETSI GS ISI 001-1 (V1.1.2): ISI IndicatorsHTML
interception-method:
The interception method used to intercept traffic.HTML
kill-chain:
Cyber Kill Chain from Lockheed Martin as described in Intelligence-Driven Computer Network Defense Informed by Analysis of Adversary Campaigns and Intrusion Kill Chains.HTML
maec-delivery-vectors:
Vectors used to deliver malware based on MAEC 5.0HTML
maec-malware-behavior:
Malware behaviours based on MAEC 5.0HTML
maec-malware-capabilities:
Malware Capabilities based on MAEC 5.0HTML
maec-malware-obfuscation-methods:
Obfuscation methods used by malware based on MAEC 5.0HTML
malware_classification:
Malware classification based on a SANS whitepaper about malware.HTML
misp:
Internal MISP taxonomy.HTML
monarc-threat:
MONARC threat taxonomy.HTML
ms-caro-malware:
Malware Type and Platform classification based on Microsoft's implementation of the Computer Antivirus Research Organization (CARO) Naming Scheme and Malware Terminology.HTML
ms-caro-malware-full:
Malware Type and Platform classification based on Microsoft's implementation of the Computer Antivirus Research Organization (CARO) Naming Scheme and Malware Terminology.HTML
nato:
Marking of Classified and Unclassified materials as described by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO.HTML
nis:
NIS Cybersecurity Incident Taxonomy.HTML
open_threat:
Open Threat Taxonomy v1.1 base on James Tarala of SANS ref. - http://www.auditscripts.com/resources/open_threat_taxonomy_v1.1a.pdfHTML
osint:
Open Source Intelligence - Classification (MISP taxonomies).HTML
passivetotal:
Tags for RiskIQ's passivetotal serviceHTML
pentest:
Penetration test (pentest) classification.HTML
priority-level:
After an incident is scored, it is assigned a priority level. The six levels listed below are aligned with NCCIC, DHS, and the CISS to help provide a common lexicon when discussing incidents. This priority assignment drives NCCIC urgency, pre-approved incident response offerings, reporting requirements, and recommendations for leadership escalation. Generally, incident priority distribution should follow a similar pattern to the graph below. Based on https://www.us-cert.gov/NCCIC-Cyber-Incident-Scoring-System.HTML
ransomware:
Ransomware is used to define ransomware types and the elements that compose them.HTML
retention:
Retention taxonomy to describe the retention period of the tagged information.HTML
rsit:
Reference Security Incident Classification Taxonomy.HTML
rt_event_status:
Status of events used in Request Tracker.HTML
runtime-packer:
Runtime or software packer used to combine compressed data with the decompression code. The decompression code can add additional obfuscations mechanisms including polymorphic-packer or other obfuscation techniques. This taxonomy lists all the known or official packer used for legitimate use or for packing malicious binaries.HTML
smart-airports-threats:
Threat taxonomy in the scope of securing smart airports by ENISA.HTML
stealth_malware:
Classification based on malware stealth techniques.HTML
stix-ttp:
Representation of the behavior or modus operandi of cyber adversaries (a.k.a TTP) as normalized in STIXHTML
targeted-threat-index:
The Targeted Threat Index is a metric for assigning an overall threat ranking score to email messages that deliver malware to a victim’s computer. The TTI metric was first introduced at SecTor 2013 by Seth Hardy as part of the talk “RATastrophe: Monitoring a Malware Menagerie” along with Katie Kleemola and Greg Wiseman.HTML
threats-to-dns:
An overview of some of the known attacks related to DNS as described by Torabi, S., Boukhtouta, A., Assi, C., & Debbabi, M. (2018) in Detecting Internet Abuse by Analyzing Passive DNS Traffic: A Survey of Implemented Systems. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 1–1. doi:10.1109/comst.2018.2849614HTML
tlp:
The Traffic Light Protocol - or short: TLP - was designed with the objective to create a favorable classification scheme for sharing sensitive information while keeping the control over its distribution at the same time. Extended with TLP:EX:CHR.HTML
tor:
Taxonomy to describe Tor network infrastructureHTML
type:
Taxonomy to describe different types of intelligence gathering discipline which can be described the origin of intelligence.HTML
use-case-applicability:
The Use Case Applicability categories reflect standard resolution categories, to clearly display alerting rule configuration problems.HTML
veris:
Vocabulary for Event Recording and Incident Sharing (VERIS).HTML
vocabulaire-des-probabilites-estimatives:
Vocabulaire des probabilités estimativesHTML
workflow:
Workflow support language is a common language to support intelligence analysts to perform their analysis on data and information.HTML

MISP Galaxy

MISP galaxy is a simple method to express a large object called cluster that can be attached to MISP events or attributes. A cluster can be composed of one or more elements. Elements are expressed as key-values. There are default vocabularies available in MISP galaxy but those can be overwritten, replaced or updated as you wish. Existing clusters and vocabularies can be used as-is or as a template. MISP distribution can be applied to each cluster to permit a limited or broader distribution scheme. Many MISP galaxy clusters are already available like Exploit-Kit, Microsoft Activity Group actor, Preventive Measure, Ransomware, TDS, Threat actor or Tool used by adversaries.

The galaxy can be browsed via the web site or downloaded as PDF or directly via the MISP software.